- 阅读理解A
题干：Opponentsofaffirmativeactionsaythebattleovertheuseofraceincollegeadmissionsishardlyover,despitetheSupremeCourt’srulingMondayupholdingthegoalofadiversestudentbody.Highereducationleadersoverwhelminglyhailedthedecision,sayingitreaffirmedpoliciesusedbymostselectivecollegesanduniversities.Butsomecriticsraisedthepossibilityofmorelawsuits,andpromisedtocontinuepressuringtheDepartmentofEducation’sOfficeofCivilRightstoinvestigatequestionablepolicies.“We’retalkingaboutadmissionsprograms,scholarships,andanyprogram…onlyforminoritiesorinwhichthestandardsusedtojudgeadmissionsaresubstantiallydifferent,”saysLindaChavez,founderandpresidentoftheCenterforEqualOpportunity,aconservativenon-profitgroup.Otherssaythey’lltaketheircasetovoters.“Wehavetoseriouslycontestallthisattheballotbox,”saysUniversityofCaliforniaregentWardConnerly,whohelpedwinvoterapprovalofCalifornia’sProposition209,whichprohibitsconsideringraceorgenderinpubliceducation,hiringandcontracting.Becauseofthatlaw,Monday’srulinghadnopracticalimpactinthestate.“Itmaybetimeforusto…letthe(Michigan)votersdecideiftheywanttouseraceasafactorinadmissions,”ConnerlysaidMonday.Meanwhile,U.S.EducationSecretaryRodPaige,consistentwithPresidentBush’sstanceopposingaffirmativeaction,saidtheDepartmentofEducationwill“continueexaminingandhighlightingeffectiveraceneutralapproachestoensurebroadaccesstoanddiversitywithinourpublicinstitutions”.EvenSupremeCourtJusticeSandraDayO’Connor,inoneoftheopinions,recommendedthatstateslookforlessonsinrace-neutralprogramsbeingtriedinCaliforniaandelsewhere.Whiletherulingsaidadmissionofficialsmayconsiderraceintheselectionprocess,collegesanduniversitiesarenotobligatedtodoso.“Ultimatelyinthedebate,diversityisachoice,notalegalmandate,”saysArthurColeman,aformerDepartmentofEducationofficialwhonowhelpscollegesanduniversitiesensureconstitutionalpolicies.Thepublic,too,remainsconflicted,largelyalongraciallines.AccordingtoaJanuarypollbythenon-profitresearchorganizationPublicAgenda,79%ofAmericanssaiditisimportantforcollegestohavearaciallydiversestudentbody,whilejust54%saidaffirmativeactionprogramsshouldcontinue.InaGalluppollconducteddaysbeforetheruling,49%ofadultssaidtheyfavoraffirmativeactionand43%didnot,withblacksandHispanicsfarmorelikelytofavorthepracticethanwhites.AndsomeeducatorsdoubtthatwithMonday’sruling,thoseopposingaffirmativeactionwillchangetheirminds.Fornow,admissionofficialsanduniversitylawyersareporingovertherulingtodeterminehoworwhethertoadjustpolicies.Whilemosttendtobeclosedmouthedaboutadmissionpolicies,manysaytheydon’texpectsignificantchanges.
题目： It can be inferred from the text that one of the major objectives of affirmative action is to（）. - A 、discourage the practice of racial discrimination in college admissions
- B 、adapt the Supreme Court’s ruling to college situations
- C 、formulate the right policies for college admissions
- D 、ensure race-neutral programs are set up in college and universities
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参考答案【正确答案：A】
第一段第一句提到，反对赞助性行动（affirmative action）的人说，虽然最高法院星期一做出裁决，支持大学录取不同种族的学生，但是，围绕大学录取过程中是否考虑种族因素的争议还没有结束。第三段具体提到了反对赞助性行动的人的看法，他们认为大学录入时不应该考虑种族因素（race neutral）。由此推断，支持赞助性行动的人则是担心录取过程会出现种族歧视，因此才要求大学保证招收一定比例的少数民族学生。
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