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  • 阅读理解A
    题干:AnarticleinScientificAmericahaspointedoutthatempiricalresearchsaysthat,actually,youthinkyou’remorebeautifulthanyouare.Wehaveadeep-seatedneedtofeelgoodaboutourselvesandwenaturallyemployanumberofself-enhancingstrategiestoachievethis.Socialpsychologistshaveamassedoceansofresearchintowhattheycallthe“aboveaverageeffect”,or“illusorysuperiority”,andshownthat,forexample,70%ofusrateourselvesasaboveaverageinleadership,93%indrivingand85%atgettingonwellwithothers—allobviouslystatisticalimpossibilities.Werose-tintourmemoriesandputourselvesintoself-affirmingsituations.Webecomedefensivewhencriticized,andapplynegativestereotypestootherstoboostourownesteem,westalkaroundthinkingwe’rehotstuff.PsychologistandbehavioralscientistNicholasEpleyoversawakeystudyintoself-enhancementandattractiveness.Ratherthanhavepeoplesimplyratetheirbeautycomparedwithothers,heaskedthemtoidentifyanoriginalphotographofthemselvesfromalineupincludingversionsthathadbeenalteredtoappearmoreorlessattractive.Visualrecognition,readsthestudy,is“anautomaticpsychologicalprocess,occurringrapidlyandintuitivelywithlittleornoapparentconsciousdeliberation”.Ifthesubjectsquicklychoseafalselyflatteringimage—whichmostdid—theygenuinelybelieveditwasreallyhowtheylooked.Epleyfoundnosignificantgenderdifferenceinresponses.Norwasthereanyevidencethat,thosewhoself-enhancedthemost(thatis,theparticipantswhothoughtthemostpositivelydoctoredpicturewerereal)weredoingsotomakeupforprofoundinsecurities.Infact,thosewhothoughtthattheimageshigheruptheattractivenessscalewererealdirectlycorrespondedwiththosewhoshowedothermakersforhavinghigherself-esteem.“Idon’tthinkthefindingsthatwehaveareanyevidenceofpersonaldelusion”,saysEpley.“It’sareflectionsimplyofpeoplegenerallythinkingwellofthemselves.”Ifyouaredepressed,youwon’tbeself-enhancing.KnowingtheresultsofEpley’sstudy,itmakessensethatmanypeoplehatephotographsofthemselvesviscerally—ononelevel,theydon’tevenrecognizethepersoninthepictureasthemselves.Facebook,therefore,isaself-enhancer’sparadise,wherepeoplecanshareonlythemostflatteringphotos,thecreamoftheirwit,style,beauty,intellectandlifestyles.“It’snotthatpeople’sprofilesaredishonest,”saysCatalinaTomaofWisconsin-Madisonuniversity,“buttheyportrayanidealizedversionofthemselves.”
    题目: The word “viscerally”(para.5) is closest in meaning to().
  • A 、instinctively
  • B 、occasionally
  • C 、particularly
  • D 、aggressively

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【正确答案:A】

viscerally所在句讲到"许多人讨厌照片中的自己,从某种层面上说,他们甚至不承认照片中的人是他们而己。"而下文又讲到Facebook是自我拔高者的天堂,在那里人们可以分享最满意的的照片。"由此可知 viscerally在本句中是"本质上地,本能地"意思,故答案为A。 

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