- 阅读理解A
题干：Thedifferencesinlivingstandardsaroundtheworldarevast.In1993'theaverageAmericanhadanincomeofabout$25，000.Inthesameyear,theaverageMexicanearned$7，000，andtheaverageNigerianearned$1,500.Notsurprisingly,thislargevariationinaverageincomeisreflectedinvariousmeasuresofthequalityoflife.Changesinlivingstandardsovertimearealsolarge.IntheUnitedStates，incomeshavehistoricallygrownabout2percentperyear(afteradjustingforchangesinthecostofliving).Atthisrate,averageincomedoublesevery35years.Insomecountries,economicgrowthhasbeenevenmorerapid.InJapan,forinstance,averageincomehasdoubledinthepast20years,andinSouthKoreaithasdoubledinthepast10years.Whatexplainstheselargedifferencesinlivingstandardsamongcountriesandovertime?Theanswerissurprisinglysimple.Almostallvariationinlivingstandardsisattributabletodifferencesincountries’productivity-thatis,theamountofgoodsandservicesproducedfromeachhourofaworker’stime.Innationswhereworkerscanproducealargequantityofgoodsandservicesperunitoftime,mostpeopleenjoyahighstandardofliving；innationswhereworkersarelessproductive,mostpeoplemustendureamoremeagerexistence.Similarly,thegrowthrateofanation'sproductivitydeterminesthegrowthrateofitsaverageincome.Thefundamentalrelationshipbetweenproductivityandlivingstandardsissimple，butitsimplicationsarefar-reaching.Ifproductivityistheprimarydeterminantoflivingsstandards，otherexplanationsmustbeofsecondaryimportance.Forexample,peoplemightthinkthatlaborunionsorminimum-wagelawscontributedtotheriseinlivingstandardsofAmericanworkersoverthepastcentury.YettherealheroofAmericanworkersistheirrisingproductivity.Therelationshipbetweenproductivityandlivingstandardsalsohasgreatimplicationsforpublicpolicy.Whenthinkingabouthowanypolicywillaffectlivingstandards，thekeyquestionishowitwillaffectourabilitytoproducegoodsandservices.Toimprovelivingstandards，policymakersneedtoraiseproductivitybyensuringthatworkersarewelleducated，havethetoolsneededtoproducegoodsandservices,andhaveaccesstothebestavailabletechnology.
题目：The passage mainly discusses_____. - A 、the differences in average income among countries
- B 、the relationships between productivity and living standards
- C 、the causes of the rise in living standards
- D 、the importance of raising productivity
扫码下载亿题库
精准题库快速提分
参考答案【正确答案：B】
主旨题。通读全文，整篇文章主要论述了生产力和生活水平提高之间的关系。A、C选项都太片面, 只是文章中某一段落的主题；而D选项只提到提高生产力的重要性，没有提到人们的生活水平。故选B选项。
您可能感兴趣的试题- 1 【阅读理解A】What is the passage mainly about?（）
- A 、Dressing for effect
- B 、How to dress appropriately
- C 、Managerial positions and clothing
- D 、Dressing for the occasion
- 2 【阅读理解A】The passage is mainly（）.
- A 、a review of two kinds of auctions
- B 、an introduction of trading robots
- C 、a survey of the trading market
- D 、about trading alternatives
- 3 【阅读理解A】 The passage is mainly about（）.
- A 、why computer crimes are difficult to detect by systematic inspections
- B 、why computer criminals are often able to escape punishment
- C 、how computer criminals manage to get good recommendation
- D 、why computer crimes can' t be eliminated
- 4 【阅读理解A】 This text mainly discusses how to （）.
- A 、balance feeling good and spending money
- B 、spend large sums of money won in lotteries
- C 、obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent
- D 、 become more reasonable in spending on luxuries
- 5 【阅读理解A】The text mainly discusses（）.
- A 、employment in the US
- B 、part-timer classification
- C 、insurance through Medicaid
- D 、Obamacare’s trouble
- 6 【阅读理解A】 What is mainly discussed in the text?（）
- A 、The uniqueness of film
- B 、The importance of film analysis
- C 、How to identify the techniques a film uses
- D 、The relationship between film analysis and literary analysis
- 7 【阅读理解A】In this passage, the author mainly tells us_____.
- A 、everyone has bad memories sometimes no matter how old he is
- B 、we can prevent our mind from aging with various methods
- C 、brain aging starts at the time when we are in the 20s and 30s
- D 、memory loss is not the sign that we are getting old
- 8 【阅读理解A】This passage is mainly about_____.
- A 、reasons to abolish the practice of tipping
- B 、economic sense of tipping
- C 、consumers’ attitudes towards tipping
- D 、tipping for good service
- 9 【阅读理解A】What does the passage mainly discuss?
- A 、Human wars.
- B 、Economic crisis.
- C 、America's environmental policies.
- D 、Global environment in general.
- 10 【阅读理解A】What is the passage mainly about?
- A 、Needs of the readers all over the world.
- B 、Causes of the public disappointment about newspapers.
- C 、Origins of the declining newspaper industry.
- D 、Aims of a journalism credibility project.
热门试题换一换
- Because a degree from a good university is the means to a better job, education is one of the most（）areas in Japanese life.
- 探望病人通常会送一束鲜花,但某国曾有报道说,医院药瓶养花的水可能含有很多细菌,鲜花会在夜间与病人争夺氧气,还可能影响病房用电设备的工作,这引起了人们对鲜花的恐慌,该国一些医院甚至禁止在病房内摆放鲜花,尽管后来证实鲜花并未导致更多的病人受感染,并且权威部门澄清,未见任何感染病例与病房里的植物有关,但这并未减轻医院对鲜花的反感. 以下除哪项外,都能减轻医院对鲜花绵担心（）。
- 题干同上，以下哪项如果为真，最能削弱题干的推测（）。
- 一般而言，科学家总是把创新性研究当作自己的目标，并且只把同样具有此种目标的人作为自己的同行。因此，如果有的科学家因为向大众普及科学知识而赢得赞誉，虽然大多数科学家会认同这种赞誉，但不会把这样的科学家作为自己的同行。 为使上述论证成立，以下哪项必须假设（）。 Ⅰ.创新性科学研究比普及科学知识更重要； Ⅱ.大多数科学家认为，普及科学知识不需要创新性研究； Ⅲ.大多数科学家认为，从事普及科学知识，不可能同时进行创新性研究。
- 已知为实数，为的平均值，则。（） （1） （2）
- 已知则｜t+4｜+｜t-6｜=（）。
- 由曲线｜x｜+｜y｜=1所围成的平面图形的面积为（）。
- 甲乙丙三人各投篮10次，投了三轮，投中数如下： 记分别为甲、乙、丙投中数的方差，则（）。
亿题库—让考试变得更简单
已有600万用户下载
qAr0K