- 阅读理解A
题干：Everybodylovesafatpayrise.Yetpleasureatyourowncanvanishifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed,ifhehasareputationforslacking,youmightevenbeoutraged.Suchbehaviourisregardedas"alltoohuman”，withtheunderlyingassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance.ButastudybySarahBrosnanandFransdeWaalofEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,Georgia,whichhasjustbeenpublishedinNature,suggeststhatitisalltoomonkey,aswell.Theresearchersstudiedthebehaviouroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys.Theylookcute.Theyaregood-natured，co-operativecreatures，andtheysharetheirfoodtardily.Aboveall，liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices"thanmales.SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan'sandDr.deWaal’sstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetokensforfood.Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforslicesofcucumber.However,whentwomonkeyswereplacedinseparatebutadjoiningchambers，sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,theirbehaviourbecamemarkedlydifferent.Intheworldofcapuchinsgrapesareluxurygoods(andmuchpreferabletocucumbers).Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinexchangeforhertoken’thesecondwasreluctanttohandhersoverforamerepieceofcucumber.Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall,theothereithertossedherowntokenattheresearcheroroutofthechamber,orrefusedtoacceptthesliceofcucumber.Indeed，themerepresenceofagrapeintheotherchamber(withoutanactualmonkeytoeatit)wasenoughtoinduceresentmentinafemalecapuchin.Theresearchessuggestthatcapuchinmonkeys，likehumans,areguidedbysocialemotions.Inthewild,theyareaco-operative，group-livingspecies.Suchco-operationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.Feelingsofrighteousindignation,itseems,arenotthepreserveofpeoplealone.Refusingalesserrewardcompletelymakesthesefeelingsabundantlycleartoothermembersofthegroup.However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans，orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.
题目：Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys_____. - A 、prefer grapes to cucumbers
- B 、can be taught to exchange things
- C 、will not be co-operative if feeling cheated
- D 、are unhappy when separated from others
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参考答案【正确答案：C】
细节题。最后一段首句概括性地指出，研究表明卷尾猴受社会情感的影响。文章接着对其 进行具体论述说明：在野外，它们是相互合作的群居动物。只有当每只猴子都感到自己没有 受到欺骗时, 这种合作状态才可能稳定。因此C选项正确。
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