- 阅读理解A
题干：Intheirworldofdarkness,itwouldseemlikelythatsomeoftheanimalsmighthavebecomeblind,ashashappenedtosomecavefauna.So,indeed,manyofthemhave,compensatingforthelackofeyeswithmarvelouslydevelopedfeelersandlong,slenderfinsandprocesseswithwhichtheygropetheirway,likesomanyblindmenwithcanes,theirwholeknowledgeoffriends,enemies,orfoodcomingtothemthroughthesenseoftouch.Thelasttracesofplantlifeareleftbehindinthethinupperlayerofwater,fornoplantcanlivebelowabout600feeteveninveryclearwater,andfewfindenoughsunlightfortheirfood-manufacturingactivitiesbelow200feet.Sincenoanimalcanmakeitsownfood,thecreaturesofthedeeperwatersliveastrange,almostparasiticexistenceofutterdependenceontheupperlayers.Thesehungrycarnivorespreyfiercelyandrelentlesslyuponeachother,yetthewholecommunityisultimatelydependentupontheslowrainofdescendingfoodparticlesfromabove.Thecomponentsofthisnever-endingrainarethedeadanddyingplantsandanimalsfromthesurface,orfromoneoftheintermediatelayers.Foreachofthehorizontalzonesorcommunitiesoftheseathatliebetweenthesurfaceandtheseabottom,thefoodsupplyisdifferentandingeneralpoorerthanforthelayerabove.Pressure,darkness,andsilencearetheconditionsoflifeinthedeepsea.Butweknownowthattheconceptionoftheseaasasilentplaceiswhollyfalse.Wideexperiencewithhydrophonesandotherlisteningdevicesforthedetectionofsubmarineshasprovedthat,aroundtheshorelinesofmuchoftheworld,thereistheextraordinaryuproarproducedbyfishes,shrimps,porpoisesandprobablyotherformsnotyetidentified.Therehasbeenlittleinvestigationasyetofsoundinthedeep,offshoreareas,butwhenthecrewoftheAtlantisloweredahydrophoneintodeepwateroffBermuda,theyrecordedstrangemewingsounds,shrieks,andghostlymoans,thesourcesofwhichhavenotbeentraced.Butfishofshallowerzoneshavebeencapturedandconfinedinaquaria,wheretheirvoiceshavebeenrecordedforcomparisonwithsoundsheardatsea,andinmanycasessatisfactoryidentificationcanbemade.DuringtheSecondWorldWarthehydrophonenetworksetupbytheUnitedStatesNavytoprotecttheentrancetoChesapeakeBaywastemporarilymadeuselesswhen,inthespringof1942,thespeakersatthesurfacebegantogiveforth,everyevening,asounddescribedasbeinglike“apneumaticdrilltearinguppavement”.Theextraneousnoisesthatcameoverthehydrophonescompletelymaskedthesoundsofthepassageofships.Eventuallyitwasdiscoveredthatthesoundswerethevoicesoffishknownascroakers,whichinthespringmoveintoChesapeakeBayfromtheoffshorewinteringgrounds.Assoonasthenoisehadbeenidentifiedandanalyzed,itwaspossibletoscreenitoutwithanelectricfilter,sothatoncemoreonlythesoundsofshipscamethroughthespeakers.
题目： Which of the following statements about the state of oceanographic research does the text most clearly support?（） - A 、Undersea research is still incomplete
- B 、Technology used in undersea studies is still in a very primitive stage of development
- C 、More undersea research is conducted near shore than in mid ocean
- D 、Military researchers have made several momentous discoveries about undersea life
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参考答案【正确答案：C】
第三段第三句提到，用于探测潜艇的水听器和其他声音探测器的广泛使用证明：在世界各地的沿海水域，可以听到鱼、虾、海豚和其他尚未辨出的鱼类发出的丰富多样的声音。对于远离海岸的深水海域的声音的研究却还很少，可是，当“亚特兰第斯”号的船员将水听器放入百慕大深水海域时，他们记录下奇怪的喵喵叫声、尖叫声和鬼魂似的呻吟声，这些声音来自何处尚不清楚。可见，作者认为对深水鱼类的研究还很不够。D意为：军事研究者对深海生物有一些重大发现。然而，文章并没有提到那些探测潜艇的人对鱼类有何研究，只是提到他们在工作过程中听到了鱼类发出的声音。
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- A 、Body temperature may serve as an indication of a worker’s performance
- B 、The selection of a number of permanent night shift workers has proved to be the best solution to problems of the round-the-clock working system
- C 、Taking body temperature at regular intervals can show how a person adapts to the changes of routine
- D 、Disturbed sleep occurs less frequently among those on permanent night or day shifts
- 2 【阅读理解A】 Which of the following statements is true?（）
- A 、In the future, the role of managers is going to be weakened little by little
- B 、According to Davenport, it is more significant to improve workers manual skills
- C 、Improving the performance of knowledge workers' requires an ability to get inside their mind, since knowledge work production is invisible
- D 、It is unreasonable to abolish the organization hierarchies, since the managers role is changing
- 3 【阅读理解A】 Which of the following statements is NOT true of scientists in earlier times?（）
- A 、They invented false theories to explain things they didn’t understand
- B 、They falsely claimed to know all about nature
- C 、They did not believe in results from scientific observation
- D 、They paid little attention to the problems they didn’t understand
- 4 【阅读理解A】 Which of the following statements is NOT true?（）
- A 、Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007 to 2008
- B 、The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum
- C 、The art market generally went downward in various ways
- D 、Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come
- 5 【阅读理解A】 Which of the following statements is true about office speak?（）
- A 、Managers admire it but avoid it
- B 、Linguists believe it to be nonsense
- C 、Companies find it to be fundamental
- D 、Regular people mock it but accept it
- 6 【阅读理解A】 Which of the following is true about Schneider?（）
- A 、He found a dream job after graduating from college
- B 、His parents believe working steadily is a must for success
- C 、His parents’ good life has little to do with a college degree
- D 、He thinks his job as a technician quite challenging
- 7 【阅读理解A】Which of the following statements is true about the first Father's Day card?
- A 、It made the mother eager to get the latest tools.
- B 、It praised the mother as a professional dad.
- C 、Its fancy design impressed the mother most.
- D 、It showed the girls’ appreciation for their mother's love.
- 8 【阅读理解A】Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?
- A 、Radical reforms are essential for the increase of productivity.
- B 、New ways of organizing workplaces may help to increase productivity.
- C 、The reduction of costs is not a sure way to gain long-term profitability.
- D 、The consultants are a bunch of good-for-nothings.
- 9 【阅读理解A】To which of the following statements would McWhorter most likely agree?
- A 、Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk.
- B 、Black English can be more expressive than standard English.
- C 、Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining.
- D 、Of all the varieties, standard English can best convey complex ideas.
- 10 【阅读理解A】Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
- A 、Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients' death.
- B 、Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery.
- C 、The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribed.
- D 、A doctor's medication is no longer justified by his intentions.
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- Primary socialization refers to the training of children during their earliest years, whereas secondary socialization refers to later influences on the development of the child's personality and learning activities, such as his involvement with teachers and with other children at school. Primary socialization is in most societies carried out essentially within the family as part of child rearing. In the modern family, parents take responsibility for raising and teaching their children such basic things as language and correct behavior. Toilet training, teaching children how to eat correctly, and encouraging children to get along with others are all aspects of child rearing. However, it is not only these more mundane aspects of behavior that children learn. Children are also implicitly encouraged to develop the values of the parents and of the society in which they live. In American society, which was Parson's main concern, these values include independence, motivation for achievement, and competition. In other societies, different values, such as cooperation and egalitarianism, may be stressed. Yet the principle behind primary socialization in different societies is the same: the development of social values must be achieved in an environment of love and security, as is found in the ideal family anywhere in the world.
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