- 阅读理解A
题干：TheSupremeCourt’sdecisionsonphysician-assistedsuicidecarryimportantimplicationsforhowmedicineseekstorelievedyingpatientsofpainandsuffering.Althoughitruledthatthereisnoconstitutionalrighttophysician-assistedsuicide,theCourtineffectsupportedthemedicalprincipleof“doubleeffect,”acenturies-oldmoralprincipleholdingthatanactionhavingtwoeffects-agoodonethatisintendedandaharmfulonethatisforeseen-ispermissibleiftheactorintendsonlythegoodeffect.Doctorshaveusedthatprincipleinrecentyearstojustifyusinghighdosesofmorphinetocontrolterminallyillpatients'pain,eventhoughincreasingdosageswilleventuallykillthepatient.NancyDubler,directorofMontefioreMedicalCenter,contendsthattheprinciplewillshielddoctorswho“untilnowhavevery,verystronglyinsistedthattheycouldnotgivepatientssufficientmediationtocontroltheirpainifthatmighthastendeath.”GeorgeAnnas，chairofthehealthlawdepartmentatBostonUniversity，maintainsthat,aslongasadoctorprescribesadrugforalegitimatemedicalpurpose,thedoctorhasdonenothingillegalevenifthepatientusesthedrugtohastendeath.“It'slikesurgery,”hesays.“Wedon'tcallthosedeathshomicidesbecausethedoctorsdidn'tintendtokilltheirpatients，althoughtheyriskedtheirdeath.Ifyou'reaphysician,youcanriskyourpatient'ssuicideaslongasyoudon'tintendtheirsuicide.”Onanotherlevel,manyinthemedicalcommunityacknowledgethattheassisted-suicidedebatehasbeenfueledinpartbythedespairofpatientsforwhommodernmedicinehasprolongedthephysicalagonyofdying.JustthreeweeksbeforetheCourt'srulingonphysician-assistedsuicide，theNationalAcademyofScience(NAS)releasedatwo-volumereport，ApproachingDeath：ImprovingCareattheEndofLife.Itidentifiestheundertreatmentofpainandtheaggressiveuseof“ineffectualandforcedmedicalproceduresthatmayprolongandevendishonortheperiodofdying”asthetwinproblemsofend-of-lifecare.Theprofessionistakingstepstorequireyoungdoctorstotraininhospices,totestknowledgeofaggressivepainmanagementtherapies,todevelopaMedicarebillingcodeforhospital-basedcare,andtodevelopnewstandardsforassessingandtreatingpainattheendoflife.Annassayslawyerscanplayakeyroleininsistingthatthesewell-meaningmedicalinitiativestranslateintobettercare.“Largenumbersofphysiciansseemunconcernedwiththepaintheirpatientsareneedlesslyandpredictablysuffering，”totheextentthatitconstitutes“systematicpatientabuse.”Hesaysmedicallicensingboards“mustmakeitclear…thatpainfuldeathsarepresumptivelyonesthatareincompetentlymanagedandshouldresultinlicensesuspension.”
题目：Which of the following statements is true according to the text? - A 、Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients' death.
- B 、Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery.
- C 、The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribed.
- D 、A doctor's medication is no longer justified by his intentions.
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参考答案【正确答案：C】
细节题。文章第二段首句和第三段首句分别提到，法院对“双重效果”的医疗原则表示支持；近年来医生一直使用这一原则为他们大量使用吗啡进行辩护。按照逻辑推理, 法院支持原则, 医生利用原则做某事, 那么法院应该支持这件事，因此C选项为正确答案。
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