- 阅读理解A
题干：Theadage"likeakidatheart"maybetruerthanwethink,sinceanewresearchisshowingthatgrown-upsaremoreimmaturethanever.Specifically,itseemsagrowingnumberofpeopleareretainingthebehaviorsandattitudesassociatedwithyouth.Asaconsequence,manyolderpeoplesimplyneverachievementaladulthood,accordingtoaleadingexpertonevolutionarypsychiatry.Amongscientists,thephenomenoniscalledpsychologicalneoteny.Thetheory’screatorisBruceCharlton,aprofessorintheSchoolofBiologyattheUniversityofNewcastleuponTyne,England.Charltonexplainedthathumanshaveaninherentattractiontophysicalyouth,sinceitcanbeasignoffertility,healthandvitality.Inthemid-20thcentury,however,anotherforcekickedin,duetoincreasingneedforindividualstochangejobs,learnnewskills,movetonewplacesandmakenewfriends.Achild-likeflexibilityofattitudes,behaviorsandknowledgeisprobablyadaptivetotheincreasedinstabilityofthemodernworld.Formaleducationnowextendswellpastphysicalmaturity,leavingstudentswithmindsthatare,hesaid,“unfinished”.Whenformaleducationcontinuesintotheearlytwenties,itprobably,toanextent,counteractstheattainmentofpsychologicalmaturity,whichwouldotherwiseoccurataboutthisage.Charltonpointedoutthepastculturesoftenmarkedtheadventofadulthoodwithinitiationceremonies.Whilethehumanmindrespondstonewinformationoverthecourseofanyindividual’slifetime,Charltonarguesthatpastphysicalenvironmentsweremorestableandallowedforastateofpsychologicalmaturity.Inhunter-gatherersocieties,thatmaturitywasprobablyachievedduringaperson’slateteensorearlytwenties.Bycontrast,manymodernadultsfailtoattainthismaturity,andsuchfailureiscommonandindeedcharacteristicofhighlyeducatedand,onthewhole,effectiveandsociallyvaluablepeople.Peoplesuchasacademics,teachers,scientistsandmanyotherprofessionalsareoftenstrikinglyimmatureoutsideoftheirstrictlyspecialistcompetenceinthesenseofbeingunpredictable,unbalancedinpriorities,andtendingtooverreact.Charltonaddedthatsincemodernculturesnowfavorcognitiveflexibility,“immature”peopletendtothriveandsucceed,andhavesetthetonenotonlyforcontemporarylife,butalsoforthefuture,whenitispossiblethatourgenesmayevenchangeasaresultofthepsychologicalshift.Thefaultsofyouthareretainedalongwiththevirtues,hebelieves.Theseincludeshortattentionspan,sensationandnovelty-seeking,shortcyclesofarbitraryfashionandasenseofculturalshallowness.Atleastyouthfulnessisnolongerrestrictedtoyouth,hesaid,duetooverallimprovementsinfoodandhealthcare,alongwithcosmetictechnologies.DavidBrooks,asocialcommentatorandacolumnistatTheNewYorkTimes,hasdocumentedasomewhatrelatedphenomenonconcerningthecurrentblurringofthebourgeoisworldofcapitalismandthebohemiancounterculture,whichCharltonbelievesisaversionofpsychologicalneoteny.Brooksbelievessuchindividualshavelostthewisdomandmaturityoftheirbourgeoispredecessorsduetomoreemphasisplacedonexpertise,flexibilityandvitality.
题目： The first paragraph mainly conveys the message that（）. - A 、seniors can never have the state of emotional adulthood
- B 、adults in mounting numbers keep mental immaturity
- C 、more grown-ups imitate teenagers’ conducts
- D 、psychological immaturity is an inevitable social trend
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参考答案【正确答案：B】
文章第一段从格言引入文章谈论主题“越来越多的成年人心理的不成熟”，A选项与段落第三句对应，但是文章没有讲老年人永远达不到心理成熟的状态。D选项过于绝对，C没有提及。
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