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  • 阅读理解A
    题干:Inanessayentitled"MakingItinAmerica",theauthorAdamDavidsonrelatesajokefromcottoncountryaboutjusthowmuchamoderntextilemillhasbeenautomated:Theaveragemillhasonlytwoemployeestoday,"amanandadog.Themanistheretofeedthedog,andthedogistheretokeepthemanawayfromthemachines."Davidson'sarticleisoneofanumberofpiecesthathaverecentlyappearedmakingthepointthatthereasonwehavesuchstubbornlyhighunemploymentanddecliningmiddle-classincomestodayislargelybecauseofthebigdropindemandbecauseoftheGreatRecession,butitisalsobecauseoftheadvancesinbothglobalizationandtheinformationtechnologyrevolution,whicharemorerapidlythaneverreplacinglaborwithmachinesorforeignworker.Inthepast,workerswithaverageskills,doinganaveragejob,couldearnanaveragelifestyle.But,today,averageisofficiallyover.Beingaveragejustwon'tearnyouwhatitusedto.Itcan'twhensomanymoreemployershavesomuchmoreaccesstosomuchmoreaboveaveragecheapforeignlabor,cheaprobotics,cheapsoftware,cheapautomationandcheapgenius.Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra—theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment.Yes,newtechnologyhasbeeneatingjobsforever,andalwayswill.Butthere'sbeenanacceleration.AsDavidsonnotes,"Inthe10yearsendingin2009,[U.S.]factoriesshedworkerssofastthattheyerasedalmostallthegainsoftheprevious70years;roughlyoneoutofeverythreemanufacturingjobs—about6millionintotal—disappeared."Therewillalwaysbechange—newjobs,newproducts,newservices.ButtheonethingweknowforsureisthatwitheachadvanceinglobalizationandtheI.T.revolution,thebestjobswillrequireworkerstohavemoreandbettereducationtomakethemselvesaboveaverage.Inaworldwhereaverageisofficiallyover,therearemanythingsweneedtodotosupportemployment,butnothingwouldbemoreimportantthanpassingsomekindofG.I.Billforthe21stcenturythatensuresthateveryAmericanhasaccesstopost-highschooleducation.
    题目:The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate().
  • A 、the impact of technological advances
  • B 、the alleviation of job pressure
  • C 、the shrinkage of textile mills
  • D 、the decline of middle-class incomes

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参考答案

【正确答案:A】

文章第一段的最后两句“…a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”(工厂平均每天只有两个人,一人一狗。人的工作是喂狗,狗的工作是阻止人靠近机器),第二段指出该书的话题:“the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today... also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution”(全球化和信息科技革命的进步是也是造成失业率居高不下、中产阶级收入下降的原因)。因此,这个笑话是用来说明技术进步的影响,故选A。

选项B“就业压力的缓解”和与本文谈论话题不符;选项C“现代纺织厂规模的缩减”不是笑话的作用;选项D“中产阶级收入的减少”是客观事实,也不是文章重点。

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