- 阅读理解A
题干:ManyAmericansregardthejurysystemasaconcreteexpressionofcrucialdemocraticvalues,includingtheprinciplesthatallcitizenswhomeetminimalqualificationsofageandliteracyareequallycompetenttoserveonjuries;thatjurorsshouldbeselectedrandomlyfromarepresentativecrosssectionofthecommunity;thatnocitizenshouldbedeniedtherighttoserveonajuryonaccountofrace,religion,sex,ornationalorigin;thatdefendantsareentitledtotrialbytheirpeers;andthatverdictsshouldrepresenttheconscienceofthecommunityandnotjusttheletterofthelaw.Thejuryisalsosaidtobethebestsurvivingexampleofdirectratherthanrepresentativedemocracy.Inadirectdemocracy,citizenstaketurnsgoverningthemselves,ratherthanelectingrepresentativestogovernforthem.Butasrecentlyasin1968,juryselectionproceduresconflictedwiththesedemocraticideals.Insomestates,forexample,jurydutywaslimitedtopersonsofsupposedlysuperiorintelligence,education,andmoralcharacter.AlthoughtheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStateshadprohibitedintentionalracialdiscriminationinjuryselectionasearlyasthe1880caseofStrauderv.WestVirginia,thepracticeofselectingso-calledeliteorblue-ribbonjuriesprovidedaconvenientwayaroundthisandotheranti-discriminationlaws.Thesystemalsofailedtoregularlyincludewomenonjuriesuntilthemid-20thcentury.AlthoughwomenfirstservedonstatejuriesinUtahin1898,itwasnotuntilthe1940sthatamajorityofstatesmadewomeneligibleforjuryduty.Eventhenseveralstatesautomaticallyexemptedwomenfromjurydutyunlesstheypersonallyaskedtohavetheirnamesincludedonthejurylist.Thispracticewasjustifiedbytheclaimthatwomenwereneededathome,anditkeptjuriesunrepresentativeofwomenthroughthe1960s.In1968,theCongressoftheUnitedStatespassedtheJurySelectionandServiceAct,usheringinaneweraofdemocraticreformsforthejury.Thislawabolishedspecialeducationalrequirementsforfederaljurorsandrequiredthemtobeselectedatrandomfromacrosssectionoftheentirecommunity.Inthelandmark1975decisionTaylorv.Louisiana,theSupremeCourtextendedtherequirementthatjuriesberepresentativeofallpartsofthecommunitytothestatelevel.TheTaylordecisionalsodeclaredsexdiscriminationinjuryselectiontobeunconstitutionalandorderedstatestousethesameproceduresforselectingmaleandfemalejurors.
题目: The practice of selecting so-called elite jurors prior to 1968 showed(). - A 、the inadequacy of anti-discrimination laws
- B 、the prevalent discrimination against certain races
- C 、the conflicting ideals in jury selection procedures
- D 、the arrogance common among the Supreme Court judges
扫码下载亿题库
精准题库快速提分
参考答案
【正确答案:A】
A. 反歧视法的不完备;B. 对某个种族的普遍歧视;C. 陪审员挑选过程中的理念冲突;D. 最高法院法官中的普遍傲慢
文章第二段末句:the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other anti-discrimination laws(这种挑选所谓的精英陪审团为绕过种族歧视法和其他反歧视法提供了便利)。可见,这种做法钻了法律的空子,表明反歧视法不完备。故答案选A。
您可能感兴趣的试题
- 1 【单选题】The scientist was so()in his job that he didn't hear anybody knocking at the door.
- A 、attracted
- B 、absorbed
- C 、drawn
- D 、concentrated
- 2 【单选题】My boss has failed me so many times that I no longer place any()on what he promises.
- A 、assurance
- B 、probability
- C 、reliance
- D 、conformity
- 3 【单选题】The audience( )so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great hall.
- A 、is
- B 、are
- C 、was
- D 、has
- 4 【单选题】He worked so hard()to go home.
- A 、that forgot
- B 、be forgets
- C 、that he forgets
- D 、that he forgot
- 5 【单选题】When I try to understand ()that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as oneexpects, it seems to me that there are two causes.
- A 、why it does
- B 、what it does
- C 、what it is
- D 、why it is
- 6 【阅读理解A】 Why is there the so-called “sleep paralysis”?()
- A 、It occurs when you are unable to wake up from dreams while you are sleeping
- B 、It occurs when your brain immobilizes your body in order to keep you from dreaming
- C 、Because you are usually too frightened to move your body when waking up from deep REM sleep
- D 、Because your body, immobilized when dreaming, may still be unable to move even when your brain is waking up
- 7 【阅读理解A】By saying “I think of the actor Warren Beatty so I create… her brow”,Dr. Small is trying to explain the memory tool of_____.
- A 、remembering facial features
- B 、reducing stress
- C 、connecting related things
- D 、observing carefully
- 8 【阅读理解A】Why is there so much violence shown in movies, TV and video games?
- A 、There is a lot of violence in the real world today.
- B 、Something has gone wrong with today's society.
- C 、Many people are fond of gunplay and bloodshed.
- D 、Showing violence is thought to be entertaining.
- 9 【阅读理解A】The immediate consequence of the new capitalists' practice is_____·
- A 、loss of corporate reputation
- B 、lower pay for the employees
- C 、a higher rate of unemployment
- D 、a decline in business transactions
- 10 【阅读理解A】One possible result of pushing children into elite universities is that_____.
- A 、they earn less than their peers from other institutions
- B 、they turn out to be less competitive in the job market
- C 、they experience more job dissatisfaction after graduation
- D 、they overemphasize their qualifications in job application
热门试题换一换
- 小张承诺:如果天不下雨,我一定去看足球赛。 以下哪项如果为真,说明小张没有兑现承诺()。 Ⅰ.天没下雨,小张没去看足球赛; Ⅱ.天下雨,小张去看了足球赛; Ⅲ.天下雨,小张没去看足球赛。
- 一体操教练正在制定一周工作计划。在从周一至周五中的每一个单独辅导时间内给六个学生:赵、钱、孙、李、周、吴中的某一个上课。除了某一天该教练在两个分开但连续的辅导时间给两个学生上课之外,他在其余的每一天都只辅导一个学生。下面是该教练一周的工作计划所遵循的准则:赵在吴之前;钱的课在周四;孙和李的课在连续的两个时间段,但不能在同一天;周一和周三只有一个学生上课。 下面哪一项一定正确()。
- 三个男孩K、L、M,以及三个女孩R、S、T,举办一场舞会。他们要跳三场舞:第一、第二、第三场。每场舞由三对孩子参加,在每对孩子中要有一个男孩和一个女孩为伴,且遵循以下原则: (1)K和S为伴,且不在第一场就在第二场; (2)与R在第二场为伴的人一定在第三场和S为伴; (3)两个小孩不能结伴超过1场。 若L和S在第二场中为伴,则下面哪一对孩子必须在第一场中为伴()。
- 自从20世纪中叶化学工业在世界范围内成为一个产业以来,人们担心,造成的污染将会严重影响人类的健康。但统计数据表明,这半个世纪以来,化学工业发达的国家的人均寿命增长率,大大高于化学工业不发达的发展中国家。因此,人们关于化学工业危害人类健康的担心是多余的。 以下哪项是上述论证必须假设的()。
- 据报道,某国科学家在一块60万年前来到地球的火星陨石上发现了有机生物的痕迹,因为该陨石由二氧化碳化合物构成,该化合物产生于甲烷,而甲烷可以是微生物受到高压和高温作用时产生的。由此可以推断,火星上曾经有过生物,甚至可能有过像人一样的高级生物。 以下条件除了哪项外,都对上文的结论提出了质疑()。
- 有人做了一个实验,在实验中,受试人从一个抽象设计的模型中识别出一个式样,然后选择另一个设计来完善这个式样,实验的结果是令人吃惊的。在实验中表现最成功的受试人被发现其大脑神经细胞消耗的能量是最低的。 下面哪个假设最好地解释了这个实验的发现()。
- 实数a,b,c成等差数列。() (1)成等比数列 (2) lna,lnb,lnc成等差数列
- (4)
亿题库—让考试变得更简单
已有600万用户下载