参考答案

【正确答案：A】

细节题，但需要具有一定的引申意义。详见第一段最后一句话。There were various views about what constitutes it, but there was agreement that such an essence exists —— that is to say, that there is something by virtue of which man is man. Thus man was defined as a rational being, as a social animal, an animal that can make tools, or a symbol-making animal.人类被定义为一种理性的存在，是一种社会动物，可以制造工具，是一个创造象征意义的动物。由此可知，这些内在特征将人类和动物分开了。B、C、D基本类似，都是在提正反两面，但是全文读完之后可以再次确定，这三项内容并不是早期的哲学家的看法和观点。