- 阅读理解A
题干：Themythologyofaculturecanprovidesomevitalinsightsintothebeliefsandvaluesofthatculture.Byusingfantasticandsometimesincrediblestoriestocreateanoraltraditionbywhichtoexplainthewondersofthenaturalworldandteachlessonstoyoungergenerations,asocietyexposesthoseideasandconceptsheldmostimportant.Justasimportantasthefinallessontobegatheredfromthestories,however,arethecharactersandtherolestheyplayinconveyingthatmessage.PerhapstheepitomeofmythologyanditsuseasatooltopassonculturalvaluescanbefoundinAesop'sFables,toldandretoldduringtheeraoftheGreekEmpire.Aesop,aslavewhowonthefavorofthecourtthroughhisimaginativeanddescriptivetales,almostexclusivelyusedanimalstofilltherolesinhisshortstories.Humans,whenatallpresent,almostalwaysplayedthepartofbumblingfoolsstrugglingtolearnthelessonbeingpresented.ThischoiceofcharacterizationallowsustoseethattheGreeksplacedwisdomonalevelslightlybeyondhumans,implyingthatdeepwisdomandunderstandingisauniversalqualitysoughtby,ratherthansteamingfrom,humanbeings.Aesop'sfablesillustratedthecentralthemesofhumilityandself-reliance,reflectingtheimportanceofthosetraitsinearlyGreeksociety.Thefollyofhumanswasusedtocontrastagainsttheultimategoalofattainingahigherlevelofunderstandingandawarenessoftruthsaboutnatureandhumanity.Forexample,onenotablefablefeaturesafoxrepeatedlytryingtoreachabunchofgrapesonaveryhighvine.Afterfailingatseveralattempts,thefoxgivesup,makingupitsmindthatthegrapeswereprobablysouranyway.Thefable'slesson,thatweoftenplaydownthatwhichwecan'tachievesoastomakeourselvesfeelbetter,teachesthereaderorlistenerinanentertainingwayaboutoneoftheweaknessesofthehumanpsyche.ThemythologyofotherculturesandsocietiesrevealtheunderlyingtraitsoftheirrespectiveculturesjustasAesop'sfablesdid.ThestoriesofRomangods,AztecghostsandEuropeanelvesallservedtotrainancientgenerationsthoselessonsconsideredmostimportanttotheircommunity,andtodaytheyofferapowerfullookingglassbywhichtoevaluateandconsiderthecontextualenvironmentinwhichthosecultureexisted.
题目： The author appears to view fables as（）. - A 、the most interesting and valuable form of mythology
- B 、entertaining yet serious subjects of study
- C 、a remnant tool of past civilizations, but not often used in the modem age
- D 、the primary method by which ancient values and ideas were transmitted between generations
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参考答案【正确答案：B】
作者对寓言的评价需要综合分析，第一段第一句指出，了解一种文化中的神话传说可以为了解该文化中人们的信仰及价值观念提供极其重要的深刻见解，第三段最后一句提到这个故事以轻松的形式告诉读者或听众人心灵中的一个弱点，所以B项是对寓言的最佳概括，为正确答案。A项未提及；C项转折句部分明显错误；D项中的primary属于过度推断。
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