- 阅读理解A
题干：Whatwouldmakeasmokermorelikelytoquit,abigrewardforsucceedingoralittlepenaltyforfailing?ThatiswhatresearcherswantedtoknowwhentheyassignedalargegroupofCVSemployees(CVSCaremarkisthecountry'slargestdrugstorechainbysales),theirrelativesandfriendstodifferentsmokingcessationprograms."Addingabitofastickwasmuchbetterthanapurecarrot.Theselargeemployersarespendinganaverageof$800to$900peremployeeperyear,butinwaysthatareoftenblindtonormalhumanpsychology"saidDr.ScottHalpern,wholedthestudy.Thetrialwasintendedtochangethat.Researchersrandomlyassignedtheparticipantstoanumberofprogramoptionsandletthemdecidewhethertheywantedtoparticipate.Thepenaltyprogramrequiredparticipantstodeposit$150;sixmonthslater,thosewhohadquitsmokingwouldgetthedepositback,alongwitha$650reward.Intherewardonlyprogram,participantsweresimplyofferedan$800paymentiftheystavedoffcigarettesforsixmonths.Thetrial,whichwasdescribedinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicineonWednesday,wasthelargestyettotestwhetherofferingpeoplefinancialincentivescouldleadtobetterhealth.Researchersfoundthatofferingincentiveswasfarmoreeffectiveingettingpeopletostopsmokingthanthetraditionalapproachofgivingfreesmokingcessationhelp,suchascounselingornicotinereplacementtherapylikegum,medicationorpatches.Buttheyalsofoundthatrequiringa$150depositthatwouldbelostifthepersonfailedtostayoffcigarettesforsixmonthsnearlydoubledthechancesofsuccess.“Thisisanoriginalsetoffindings,”saidCassR.Sunstein,aHarvardlawprofessorwhohelpeddevelopsomeinfluentialideasinthefieldofbehavioraleconomics,notablythatifthesocialenvironmentcanbechanged--forexample,bypostingsimplewarnings--peoplecanbenudgedintobetterbehavior."Theycouldbeappliedtomanyhealthissues,likealcoholism,orwheneverpeoplefaceseriousself-controlproblems."Overall,successeludedmostofthestudyparticipants.Morethan80percentofsmokersinthemostpopularpurerewardsgroupwerestillsmokingattheendofthestudy.Evenso,researcherssay,theirsuccessratewasfargreaterthanforthosewhogotthetraditionaltreatment.SmokingisthelargestcauseofpreventabledeathintheUnitedStates.Diseaseslinkedtoitkillmorethan480,000Americansayear.Andevenasmalldeclinecouldhaveabighealtheffect.
题目：According to Cass R. Sunstein, the findings of study can be used in the following fields EXCEPT the field of ( ). - A 、warnings
- B 、alcoholism
- C 、health problems
- D 、self-control issues
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参考答案【正确答案：A】
根据题干关键词Cass R. Sunstein定位到第四段。由该段最后一句“这些发现可以应用到很多健康问题方面，如酗酒，或是人面临严重自我控制问题的时候”可知，B项“酗酒”属于C项“健康问题”，而C项和D项“自我控制问题”都属于这些发现的应用领域。A项“警告”与文章中的应用领域无关，符合题干，故A项为正确答案。
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- C 、has a direct influence on the way people regard us
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- A 、authoritative
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- A 、Cutting down alcohol use may help stop drug-abuse
- B 、Among the illegal drugs, cocaine is very popular among kids
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- 4 【阅读理解A】 According to the passage, in which of the following ways does the pressure to appoint women to corporate boards differ from the pressure to employ women in the work force?（）
- A 、Corporate boards are under less pressure because they have such a small number of openings
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- 5 【阅读理解B】Olaf Street Study
- A 、originates from a long walk that the artist took
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- C 、reminds people of the English landscape painting tradition
- D 、represents the elegance of the British land art
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- A 、the old stick with products they learned to love in their youth
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- A 、Because screenplay is not as well written as literary works
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- D 、Because publishers prefer to publish literary works
- 8 【阅读理解A】Hancock’s study focuses on_____.
- A 、the consequences of lying in various communications media
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- 9 【阅读理解A】The experts' study on the problem of erosion can_____.
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- 10 【阅读理解B】Olaf Street Study
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- B 、illustrates a kind of landscape-orientated light conceptual art.
- C 、reminds people of the English landscape painting tradition.
- D 、represents the elegance of the British land art.
- E 、depicts the ordinary side of the British land art.
- 、embodies a romantic escape into the Scottish outdoors.
- 、contains images from different parts of the same photograph.
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