- 阅读理解A
题干：Publicdistrustofscientistsstemsinpartfromtheblurringofboundariesbetweenscienceandtechnology,betweendiscoveryandmanufacture.Mostgovernment,perhapsallgovernments,justifypublicexpenditureonscientificresearchintermsoftheeconomicbenefitsthescientificenterprisehavebroughtinthepastandwillbringinthefuture.Politiciansremindtheirvotersofthesplendidmachines“ourscientists”haveinvented,thenewdrugstorelieveoldailments(病痛)，andthenewsurgicalequipmentandtechniquesbywhichpreviouslyintractable(难治疗的）conditionsmaynowbetreatedandlivessaved.Atthesametime,thepoliticiansdemandofscientiststhattheytailortheirresearchto“economicsneeds”，thattheyawardahigherprioritytoresearchproposalsthatare“nearthemarket”andcanbetranslatedintothegreatestreturnoninvestmentintheshortesttime.Dependent,astheyare,onpoliticiansformuchoftheirfunding,scientistshavelittlechoicebuttocomply.Liketherestofus，theyaremembersofasocietythatratesthecreationofwealthasthegreatestpossiblegood.Manyhavereservations,butkeepthemtothemselvesinwhattheyperceiveasaclimatehostiletothepursuitofunderstandingforitsownsakeandtheideaofaninquiring，creativespirit.Insuchcircumstancesnooneshouldbetoohardonpeoplewhoaresuspiciousofconflictsofinterest.Whenwelearnthatthedistinguishedprofessorassuringusofthesafetyofaparticularproductholdsaconsultancywiththecompanymakingit，wecannotbeblamedforwonderingwhetherhisfeemightconceivablycloudhisprofessionaljudgment.Eveniftheprofessorholdsnoconsultancywithanyfirm，somepeoplemanystilldistrusthimbecauseofhisassociationwiththosewhodo，oratleastwonderaboutthesourceofsomehisresearchfunding.Thisattitudecanhavedamagingeffects.Itquestionstheintegrityofindividualsworkinginaprofessionthatprizesintellectualhonestyasthesupremevirtue,andplaysintothehandsofthosewhowouldliketodiscreditscientistsbyrepresentingthemavenal(可以收买的).Thismakesiteasiertodismissallscientificpronouncements，butespeciallythosemadebythescientistswhopresentthemselvesas“experts”.Thescientistmostlikelytounderstandthesafetyofanuclearreactor,forexample，isanuclearengineerdeclaresthatareactorisunsafe,webelievehim，becauseclearlyitisnottohisadvantagetolieaboutit.Ifhetellsusitissafe,ontheotherhand,wedistrusthim,becausehemaywellbeprotectingtheemployerwhopayshissalary.
题目：Why does the author say that public distrust of scientists can have damaging effects? - A 、It makes things difficult for scientists seeking research funds.
- B 、People would not believe scientists even when they tell the truth.
- C 、It may dampen the enthusiasm of scientists for independent research.
- D 、Scientists themselves may doubt the value of their research findings.
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参考答案【正确答案：B】
推断题。题干问的是“为什么公众对于科学家的不信任会产生破坏性的影响?”根据题干信息提示定位在原文的第三段第二、三句话。这两句的大意是这种不信任不但会质疑从事一个奉理智上的诚实为至高无上的美德的人的正直，还可能会被怀有诋毁科学家的不良用心的人所利用, 会导致人们更加地无视真正的科学论断。故选B选项。A选项“更加难寻找到研究资金”、C选项“浇灭科学家独立研究的热情”以及D选项“科学家会怀疑自己研究结果的价值”均属于无中生有的推论，应排除。
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