- 阅读理解A
题干：Asanyonewhohastriedtoloseweightknows,realisticgoal-settinggenerallyproducesthebestresults.That'spartiallybecauseitappearspeoplewhosetrealisticgoalsactuallyworkmoreefficiently,andexertmoreeffort,toachievethosegoals.What'sfarlessunderstoodbyscientists,however,arethepotentiallyharmfuleffectsofgoal-setting.Newspapersrelaydailyaccountsofgoal-settingprevalentinindustriesandbusinessesupanddownbothWallStreetandMainStreet,yettherehasbeensurprisinglylittleresearchonhowthelong-trumpetedpracticeofsettinggoalsmayhavecontributedtothecurrenteconomiccrisis,andunethicalbehavioringeneral.“Goalsarewidelyusedandpromotedashavingreallybeneficialeffects.Andyet,thesamemotivationthatcanpushpeopletoexertmoreeffortinaconstructivewaycouldalsomotivatepeopletobemorelikelytoengageinunethicalbehaviors,”saysMauriceSchweitzer,anassociateprofessoratPenn'sWhartonSchool.“Itturnsoutthere'snoeconomicbenefittojusthavingagoal---youjustgetapsychologicalbenefit”Schweitzersays.“Butinmanycases,goalshaveeconomicrewardsthatmakethemmorepowerful.”AprimeexampleSchweitzerandhiscolleaguesciteisthe2004collapseofenergy-tradinggiantEnron,wheremanagersusedfinancialincentivestomotivatesalesmentomeetspecificrevenuegoals.Theproblem,Schweitzersays,istheactualtradeswerenotprofitable.Otherstudieshaveshownthatsaddlingemployeeswithunrealisticgoalscancompelthemtolie,cheatorsteal.Suchwasthecaseintheearly1990swhenSearsimposedasalesquotaonitsautorepairstaff.Itpromptedemployeestooverchargeforworkandtocompleteunnecessaryrepairsonacompanywidebasis.Schweitzerconcedeshisresearchrunscountertoaverylargebodyofliteraturethatcommendsthemanybenefitsofgoal-setting.Advocatesofthepracticehavetakenissuewithhisteam'suseofsuchevidenceasnewsaccountstosupporthisconclusionthatgoal-settingiswidelyover-prescribed。Inarebuttal(反驳)paper,Dr.EdwinLockewrites:“Goal-settingisnotgoingaway.Organizationscannotthrivewithoutbeingfocusedontheirdesiredendresultsanymorethananindividualcanthrivewithoutgoalstoprovideasenseofpurpose.”ButSchweitzercontendsthe“mountingcausalevidence”linkinggoal-settingandharmfulbehaviorshouldbestudiedtohelpspotlightissuesthatmeritcautionandfurtherinvestigation.“Evenafewnegativeeffectscouldbesolargethattheyoutweighmanypositiveeffects,”hesays.“Goal-settingdoeshelpcoordinateandmotivatepeople.Myideawouldbetocombinethatwithcarefuloversight,astrongorganizationalculture,andmakesurethegoalsthatyouusearegoingtobeconstructiveandnotsignificantlyharmtheorganization,”Schweitzersays.
题目： What message does the author try to convey about goal-setting?（） - A 、Its negative effects have long been neglected
- B 、The goal increase people's work efficiency
- C 、Its role has been largely underestimated
- D 、The goals most people set are unrealistic
扫码下载亿题库
精准题库快速提分
参考答案【正确答案：A】
主旨题。大家不难看出goal-setting是本文的话题，但是针对这个话题，作者想表达的主要观点是在第一段的最后一句“What's far less understood by scientists, however, are the potentially harmful effects of goal-setting.” 本句中的“however”是非常重要的主要观点提示词，而细读本句意思，不难看出对应的恰好是选项A. Its negative effects have long been neglected.其他三个选项要么就是在谈制定目标的好处，非本文重点，要么是在谈大多数人的目标不够现实，也不是本文的内容。
您可能感兴趣的试题- 1 【阅读理解A】What does the author say about vacationing?（）
- A 、People enjoy it all the more during a recession
- B 、Few people can afford it without working hard
- C 、It is the chief cause of family disputes
- D 、It makes all the hard work worthwhile
- 2 【阅读理解A】What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?
- A 、Women students needn't have the concerns of her generation.
- B 、Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.
- C 、Women can balance a career in science and having a family.
- D 、Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.
- 3 【阅读理解A】What does the author think of the debate concerning the relationship between the media and violence?
- A 、More studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn.
- B 、It should come to an end since the matter has now been settled.
- C 、The past studies in this field have proved to be misleading.
- D 、He more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists.
- 4 【阅读理解A】What does the author intend to say by the example in the second paragraph?
- A 、Some customers simply show no respect to those who serve them.
- B 、People absorbed in a phone conversation tend to be absent-minded.
- C 、Waitresses are often treated by customers as casual acquaintances.
- D 、Some customers like to make loud complaints for no reason at all.
- 5 【阅读理解A】What does the author imply by saying “…many of my customers didn’t get the difference between server and servant” ( Lines 3-4，Para.7) ?
- A 、Those who cater to others' needs are destined to be looked down upon.
- B 、Those working in the service industry shouldn’t be treated as servants.
- C 、Those serving others have to put up with rough treatment to earn a living.
- D 、The majority of customers tend to look on a servant as a server nowadays.
- 6 【阅读理解A】What does the author imply by saying “currencies don’t turn on a dime” ( Line 2, Para.7 ) ?
- A 、The dollar’s value will not increase in the short term.
- B 、The value of a dollar will not be reduced to a dime.
- C 、The dollar's value will drop, but within a small margin.
- D 、Few Americans will change dollars into other currencies.
- 7 【阅读理解A】What does the author mean by “paralysis by analysis" ( Last line, Para.4) ？
- A 、Endless studies kill action.
- B 、Careful investigation reveals truth.
- C 、Prudent planning hinders progress.
- D 、Extensive research helps decision-making.
- 8 【阅读理解A】What does the author intend to illustrate with A AAA cars and Zodiac cars?
- A 、A kind of overlooked inequality.
- B 、A type of conspicuous bias.
- C 、A type of personal prejudice.
- D 、A kind of brand discrimination.
- 9 【阅读理解A】What does the author mean by “most people are literally having a ZZZ" (line 2，Para.5 )?
- A 、They are getting impatient.
- B 、They are noisily dozing off.
- C 、They are feeling humiliated.
- D 、They are busy with word puzzles.
- 10 【阅读理解A】What does the author think of intellect?
- A 、It is second to intelligence.
- B 、It evolves from common sense.
- C 、It is to be pursued.
- D 、It underlies power.
热门试题换一换
- Every thing seems so（）since Robert left.
- We often_____ (use) a recorder in our English class.But we_____ (not use) it tomorrow,because there_____ (be) something wrong with it.
- We( )our dinner when the doorbell rang.
- 一群在海滩边嬉戏的孩子的口袋中，共装有25块卵石。他们的老师对此说了以下两句话：第一句话“至多有5个孩子口袋里装有卵石”；第二句话“每个孩子的口袋中，或者没有卵石，或者至少有5块卵石”。 如果上述断定为真，则以下哪项关于老师两句话关系的断定一定成立（）。 Ⅰ.如果第一句话为真，则第二句话为真； Ⅱ.如果第二句话为真，则第一句话为真； Ⅲ.两句话可以都是真的，但不会都是假的。
- 去年春江市的汽车月销售量一直保持稳定。在这一年中，“宏达”车的月销售量较前年翻了一番，它在春江市的汽车市场上所占的销售份额也有相应的增长。今年一开始，尾气排放新标准开始在春江市实施。在该标准实施的头三个月中，虽然“宏达”车在春江市的月销售量仍然保持在去年底达到的水平，但在春江市的汽车市场上所占的销售份额明显下降。 如果上述断定为真，以下哪项不可能为真（）。
- 长与宽之比为2：1的矩形的面积增大为原来的2倍。（） （1）宽增大，长不变，使之成为正方形 （2）宽增大为原来的2倍，长缩小为原来的一半
- From what he said at the end of the thirdparagraph, we can conclude that Michael Harris（）.
- 为了更好的进行科研交流，L大学成立了博士俱乐部，俱乐部的博士既包括在读博士，也包括已经毕业的博士；所有博士根据其所研究领域，分为基础学科博士和应用学科博士。根据统计，俱乐部一共有博士180名，其中女博士82名；男博士中在读博士50名，基础学科的男博士有16名。应用学科在读博士一共有101名。 根据以上统计数据，可以推知以下哪项一定为真（）。
- For many Canadians
亿题库—让考试变得更简单
已有600万用户下载
Q83xv