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  • 阅读理解B
    题干:ThedeclineinAmericanmanufacturingisacommonrefrain,particularlyfromDonaldTrump.“Wedon’tmakeanythinganymore,”hetoldFoxNews,whiledefendinghisownmade-in-Mexicoclothingline.Withoutquestion,manufacturinghastakenasignificanthitduringrecentdecades,andfurthertradedealsraisequestionsaboutwhethernewshockscouldhitmanufacturing.Butthereisalsoadifferentwaytolookatthedata.Acrossthecountry,factoryownersarenowgrapplingwithanewchallenge:insteadofhavingtoomanyworkers,theymayendupwithtoofew.Despitetradecompetitionandoutsourcing,Americanmanufacturingstillneedstoreplacetensofthousandsofretiringboomerseveryyears.Millennialsmaynotbethatinterestedintakingtheirplace,otherindustriesarerecruitingthemwithsimilarorbetterpay.Forfactoryowners,italladdsuptostiffcompetitionforworkers—andupwardpressureonwages.“They’rehardertofindandtheyhavejoboffers,”saysJayDunwell,presidentofWolverineCoilSpring,afamily-ownedfirm,“Theymaybecoming[intotheworkforce],butthey’vebeenpluckedbyotherindustriesthatarealsodoinganwellasmanufacturing,”Mr.Dunwellhasbegunbringinghighschooljuniorstothefactorysotheycangetexposedtoitsculture.AtRoManManufacturing,amakerofelectricaltransformersandweldingequipmentthathisfathercofoundedin1980,RobertRothkeepacloseeyeontheageofhisnearly200workers,fiveareretiringthisyear.Mr.Rothhasthreecommunity-collegestudentsenrolledinawork-placementprogram,withastartingwageof$13anhourthatrisesto$17aftertwoyears.Ataworktableinsidethetransformerplant,youngJasonStenquistlooksflusteredbythecoppercoilshe’stryingtoassembleandthearrivaloftwovisitors.It’shisfirstweekonthejob.Askedabouthischoiceofcareer,hesaysathighschoolheconsideredmedicalschoolbeforeswitchingtoelectricalengineering.“Iloveworkingwithtools.Ilovecreating.”hesays.Buttowinovertheseyoungworkers,manufacturershavetoclearanothermajorhurdle:parents,wholivedthroughtheworstUSeconomicdownturnsincetheGreatDepression,tellingthemtoavoidthefactory.Millennials“remembertheirfatherandmotherbothwerelaidoff.Theyblameitonthemanufacturingrecession,”saysBirgitKlohs,chiefexecutiveofTheRightPlace,abusinessdevelopmentagencyforwesternMichigan.Theseconcernsaren’tmisplaced:Employmentinmanufacturinghasfallenfrom17millionin1970to12millionin2013.Whentherecoverybegan,workershortagesfirstappearedinthehigh-skilledtrades.Nowshortagesareappearingatthemid-skilllevels.“Thegapisbetweenthejobsthattaketoskillsandthosethatrequirealotofskill,”saysRobSpohr,abusinessprofessoratMontcalmCommunityCollege.“There’reenoughpeopletofillthejobsatMcDonaldsandotherplaceswhereyoudon’tneedtohavemuchskill.It’sthatgapinbetween,andthat’swheretheproblemis.”JulieParksofGrandRapidsCommunitypointstoanotherkeytoluringMillennialsintomanufacturing:awork/lifebalance.Whiletheirparentswerecontenttoworklonghours,youngpeoplevalueflexibility.“Overtimeisnotattractivetothisgeneration.Theyreallywanttolivetheirlives,”shesays.
    题目:Julie Parks
  • A 、says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working tools
  • B 、points out that there are enough people to fill the jobs that don’t need skill
  • C 、points out that US doesn’t manufacture anything anymore
  • D 、believes that it is important to keep a close on the age of his workers
  • E 、says that for factory owners, workers are harder to find because of stiff competition
  • 、points out that a work/life balance can attract young people into manufacturing
  • 、says that the manufacturing recession is to blame for the lay- off of the young people’s parents

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参考答案

【正确答案:6】

题干问Julie的观点,对应文中第十一段“ a work/life balance”,“young people value flexibility”,“Overtime is not attractive to this generation”可知该题对应选项F。

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