- 阅读理解A
题干：Thestudyofphilosophiesshouldmakeourownideasflexible.Weareallofusapttotakecertaingeneralideasforgranted,andcallthemcommonsense.Weshouldlearnthatotherpeoplehaveheldquitedifferentideas,andthatourownhavestartedasveryoriginalguessesofphilosophers.Ascientistisapttothinkthatalltheproblemsofphilosophywillultimatelybesolvedbyscience.Ithinkthisistrueforagreatmanyofthequestionsonwhichphilosophersstillargue.Forexample,Platothoughtthatwhenwesawsomething,onerayoflightcametoitfromthesun,andanotherfromoureyesandthatseeingwassomethinglikefeelingwithastick.Wenowknowthatthelightcomesfromthesun,andisreflectedintooureyes.Wedon’tknowinmuchdetailhowthechangesinoureyesgiverisetosensation.Butthereiseveryreasontothinkthataswelearnmoreaboutthephysiologyofthebrain,weshalldoso,andthatthegreatphilosophicalproblemsaboutknowledgearegoingtobeprettyfullyclearedup.Butifourdescendantsknowtheanswerstothesequestionsandothersthatperplexustoday,therewillstillbeonefieldofwhichtheydonotknow,namelythefuture.Howeverexactourscience,wecannotknowitasweknowthepast.Philosophymaybedescribedasargumentaboutthingsofwhichweareignorant.Andwheresciencegivesusahopeofknowledgeitisoftenreasonabletosuspendjudgment.ThatisonereasonwhyMarxandEngelsquiterightlywrotesolittleonmanyphilosophicalproblemsthatinterestedtheircontemporaries.Butwehavegottoprepareforthefuture,andwecannotdosorationallywithoutsomephilosophy.Somepeoplesaywehaveonlygottodothedutiesrevealedinthepastandlaiddownbyreligion,andgodwilllookafterthefuture.Otherssaythattheworldisamachineandthecourseoffutureeventsiscertain,whatevereffortswemaymake.Marxistssaythatthefuturedependsonourselves,eventhoughwearepartofthehistoricalprocess.Thisphilosophicalviewcertainlydoesinspirepeopletoverygreatachievements.Whetheritistrueornot,itispowerfulguidetoaction.Weneedaphilosophy,then,tohelpustotacklethefuture.Agnosticismeasilybecomesanexcuseforlazinessandconservatism.WhetherweadoptMarxismoranyotherphilosophy,wecannotunderstanditwithoutknowingsomethingofhowitdeveloped.ThatiswhyaknowledgeofthehistoryofphilosophyisimportanttoMarxists,evenduringthepresentcriticaldays.
题目：What are the functions of studying philosophies mentioned in the passage?（） - A 、It would make our own idea flexible
- B 、It would help prepare us for the future and guide our actions
- C 、It would enable us to understand how things develop as to better tackle the future
- D 、All of the above
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参考答案【正确答案：D】
推断题。A项在第一段开头就已提到。第四段第一句话说道，“但是我们得为将来做准备，没有一些哲学知识，我们是无法理性地做到这一点的。”因此，B项应该是符合题意的。而C项在最后一段也有谈到。所以，答案应选 D。
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