【正确答案:C】
【译文】当我试图弄清是什么妨碍美国人开心时,我发现似乎有两个原因。
【解析】()that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as oneexpects表达是underetand的宾语从句,该从句的主语是what,谓语是prevents,意思是“什么阻止了……”;但为了对what进行强调,此处对从句主语what使用了强调句型it is what thatprevents...,考虑到what具有从句引导词的作用,它必须置于从句句首与前面的understand形成对接,于是语序进而调整为wha it is that prevents...,故本题答案选C。
A、B和D代入句中均不能形成语义和结构完整的句子。
【点睛】本题目是强调句型It is...that...对“从句主语(what)”进行强调。
- 2 【单选题】It was not until she had arrived home()she remembered her appointment with the doctor.
- A 、when
- B 、and
- C 、that
- D 、then
【正确答案:C】
【译文】直到到家后,她才记起和医生的约定。
【解析】本句显然是It was...that...强调句型对时间状语从句not until...的强调,空格后是句子主干,前面的时间状语not until...修饰谓语动词remembered,表示其发生的时间背景。对状语的强调应使用It was...that...形式,故选C。
【点睛】本题目是强调句型It was...that...对“句子状语”进行强调。
- 3 【单选题】()she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist.
- A 、That was from Stephen
- B 、It was Stephen whom
- C 、It was from Stephen that
- D 、It was Stephen that
【正确答案:C】
【译文】就从Stephen那里,她第一次听到那位被称为专家的人。
【解析】本句主语是she,谓语动词是heard of,宾语是the man,句尾的referred to as a specialist表达是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰限定前面的the man。鉴于上述分析和比对四个选项,本题答案选C,具体讲来:
A项代入题干,不能形成语义和结构完整的句子;B项whom的形式只能将其理解为定语从句引导词,但后面的the man已经是heard of的宾语,所以无法解释whom在该从句的角色定位,故B错;D项若理解为强调句型,将该框架结构撤掉会发现Stephen在句中无成分可作;C项是强调句型,撤掉该句型框架,留下的介词短语from Stephen恰是后面句子的地点状语,修饰谓语动词heard of,表示其发生的地点。
【点睛】本题目是强调句型It was...that...对“句子状语”进行强调。
- 4 【单选题】()Nat Turner who led a revolt against slavery in Virginia in 1831.
- A 、Where was
- B 、It was
- C 、He was
- D 、It was him
【正确答案:B】
【译文】是Nat Turner领导了 1831年在弗吉尼亚州反对奴隶制度的起义。
【解析】本句主语是Nat Turner,谓语动词是led,宾语是a revolt,括弧表达是介词短语against...作后置定语,修饰限定a revolt,句尾的两处划线表达分别是地点状语和时间状语,修饰led表示其发生的地点和时间背景。鉴于上述分析,本题答案选B,因为B代入句中恰与后面的that形成强调句型,撤掉该句型框架即是上述分析的句式结构。
A项代入题干不成句子,且不知所云;C项代入句中,只能把who...理解为修饰限定前面Turner的定语从句,但专有名词“人名” 一般不需定语修饰,故C错;D项代入句中,代词him与后面的Nat Turner重复,且也犯有C项的错误。
【点睛】本题目是强调句型It was...who...对“句子主语”进行强调。
- 5 【单选题】()Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations that Jim Green became fascinated by the economictheory.
- A 、After reading
- B 、It was after reading
- C 、By reading
- D 、Having read
【正确答案:B】
【译文】Jim Green在读完亚当·斯密的《国富论》后,开始着迷于经济学理论。
【解析】分析that后的句子结构可知:Jim Green是主语,谓语是became fascinated (相当于befascinated), by the economic theory是介词by引导的动作发出者,由此可知该句语义和结构都是完整的;考虑到that的存在,再结合比对四个选项,可知答案只能选B,具体讲来:
A、C和D三项代入句中,都无法解释that的存在,故均属干扰项。B项代入句中恰满足“强调句型It was...that..."的结构需要,本结构的本质特点是从句中撤掉该结构框架,原句依然完整如初:After reading Adam Smith,s The Wealth of Nations Jim Green became fascinated by the economictheory,前面的划线表达,即被强调的部分,在句中属时间状语,修饰谓语动词became fascinated,表示其发生的时间。
【点睛】本题目是强调句型It was...that...对“句子状语”进行强调。
- 6 【单选题】What Mr.Smith did was important, but_____.
- A 、more important the way of he did things was
- B 、the way of he did things was more important
- C 、more important was the way he did things
- D 、more important the way were he did things
【正确答案:C】
【译文】史密斯先生所做的事是重要的,但更重要的是他做事情的方式。
【解析】C项中but后是一个独立的分句,主语是the way (其后he did things表达是后置定语),系动词是was,表语是 more important,即:the way (he did things) was more important,但为了强调“更重要的”,本句采用了 “表→系→主”倒装形式,答案选C。
【点睛】"表→系―主”倒装:adj....+ be + S.
- 7 【单选题】() is the volume of chemical goods.
- A 、Constantly growing too
- B 、Too constantly growing
- C 、Growing constant to
- D 、Too growing constant
【正确答案:A】
【译文】化学产品的生产量也在不断增长。
【解析】本句的正常语序应是:The volume of chemical goods is growing constantly too,但出于对growing constantly too 的强调,本句采用全倒装:Constantly growing too is the volume of chemicalgoods,此类倒装结构在形式上颇类似于“表→系→主”例装,故可归为一类进行学习。
【点睛】广义上的“表→系→主”倒装:Doing./Done...+ be + S.
- 8 【单选题】Typical of the new type of the youth(), who set a shining example to the whole nation.
- A 、was Lei Feng
- B 、were Lei Feng
- C 、Lei Feng was
- D 、Lei Feng were
【正确答案:A】
【译文】雷锋是新一代青年的典型代表,他为整个国家树立了光辉的榜样。
【解析】分析句子可知,Typical of the new type of the youth是形容词短语作表语,类似的形容词短语作表语置于句首时,句子需要做“表→系→主”倒装处理,在考虑到主谓一致的因素,本题答案选A。
【点睛】“表→系→主”倒装:adj...+ be + S.
- 9 【单选题】Only in recent years()begun to realize that wild dogs, kept within bounds,often do more goodthan harm.
- A 、people have
- B 、since people have
- C 、have people
- D 、people who have
【正确答案:C】
【译文】仅仅是近年来人们才开始意识到,如果野狗被圈养往往益多害少。
【解析】only置于句首且对句子状语进行强调时,所接的句子要采用部分倒装形式,题目中主语是people,谓语是have begun,其部分倒装形式是将助动词have提前,变成...have people begun...,故选C。
【点睛】only置于句首且对句子状语进行强调时,需将句式做倒装处理。
- 10 【单选题】Not once ()his view of life.
- A 、did the gentleman mention
- B 、the gentleman mentioned that
- C 、the gentleman mentioned
- D 、does the gentlemen mentioned
【正确答案:A】
【译文】这位绅士从未提起过他对人生的看法(人生观)。
【解析】Not once (从未=Never)是否定性时间状语置于句首,故其后的句子需采用部分倒装,从而排除B和C; D项助动词does后面的mentioned没有使用原形,可予以排除,综上,本题答案选A。
【点睛】否定性副词或状语置于句首,需要将句式做倒装处理。