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（一）

英译汉

Japan\\'s once enviable jobless rate will soar to double-digit levels if—ａｎｄ　the warning is a big one—firms opt for drastic Western-style layoffs to boost profits. While Japan\\'s life-time employment system is visibly unravelling, many economists still doubt whether a scenario of soaring joblessness will occur, given that economic incentives to slash payrolls clash with social ａｎｄ　political pressures to save jobs. A kinder, gentler approach to restructuring would soften the social instability many fear would result from doubling the jobless rate, already at a record high.

Critics believe it would also cap gains in profit margins ａｎｄ　stifle economic vitality, especially in the absence of bold steps to open the doｏｒto new growth, industries. Some economists believe different methods of counting mean Japan\\'s jobless rate is already close to 7 per cent by United States standards, not that far from the 7.8 per cent peak hit in the US in 1992 when it began to emerge from a two-year slump.

【参考译文】

如果日本各公司效仿西方国家，通过大幅度裁员来增加利润，日本一度令人羡慕的低失业率将飙升至两位数, 目前形式已经十分严峻。日本的终生雇佣制度明显正在解体, 但是刺激经济需要裁员, 而社会和政治上却要求保留工作岗位，两者互相冲突，因而许多经济学家仍无法断定日本是否会出现失业率急剧上升的局面。许多人担心失业率已经达到历史最高点，如果再增长一倍，就会导致社会不安定，因而以较为温和的方式调整经济,才可以缓解这个问题。评论家们认为这还会限制利润增长，抑制经济活力，如果不去大胆采取措施引进增长型产业，情况会更糟。一些经济学家认为，用不同的方法计算，按照美国标准，日本的失业率已接近7%，与1992年美国7.8%的最高失业率相去不远，而当时美国已开始走出两年的经济衰退期。

（二）

汉译英

黄浦江纵横南北，把上海分为两部分。浦东因位于黄浦江以东而得名。本世纪20—30年代，随着以外滩为核心的金融、商贸区的建立，外商和我国民族资本事开始把经济活动伸向浦东地区。但黄浦江的阻隔，极大地影响了浦东的经济发展。浦江两岸形成了一边，是万商云集的十里洋场，一边是以自然农作物为主的大片农田的鲜明对照。

自1990年中央宣布开放浦东以来，浦东新区的建设日新月异，突飞猛进。高楼大厦如雨后春笋，拔地而起，田园风光和现代建筑交相辉映，浦东正以崭新的面貌跨人新世纪。

【参考译文】

The Huangpu River flows across Shanghai from north to south, dividing the city into two parts. Historically, Pudong got its name from its location on the east bank of the Huangpu Priver. In the 20’s ａｎｄ　the 30’s of this century when the finance ａｎｄ　Business trade district with the Bund as its center was established, foreign businessmen ａｎｄ　Chinese national capitalists began to extend their economic activities to the Pudong area. However, inconvenient transportation occasioned by river crossing greatly affected the economic development of Pudong. There was a striking contrast between the long stretch of foreign concessions frequented by thousands of merchants on one side of the Huangpr River ａｎｄ　the vast patch of natural crops on the other side译文：Since 1990 when the Central Government announced the opening up ａｎｄ　development of Pudong, the Pudong New Area has witnessed dramatic changes ａｎｄ　rapid development.High-rises have mushroomed, combining idyllic scenery ａｎｄ　modern building, which brings a brand-new Pudong into the new century.

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