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（一）

英译汉

A majｏｒsource of anxiety about the future of the family is rooted not so much in reality as in the tension between the idealized expectation in the culture ａｎｄ　the reality itself. Nostalgia fｏｒa lost family tradition, which, in fact, never existed, has prejudiced our understanding of the conditions of families in contemporary society. Thus, the current .anxiety over the fate of the family reflects not only problems in the family but also a variety of fears about other social problems that are eventually projected onto the family.

The real problem facing American families today are not symptoms of breakdown as is often suggested; rather, they reflect the difficulties of adaptation to recent social changes, particularly to the loss of diversity in household membership, to the reduction of the variety of family functions and, to some extent, to the weakening of the family adaptability. The idealization of the family as a refuge from the world ａｎｄ　the myth that the work of mothers is harmful has added considerable strain. The continuous emphasis on the family as a universal private retreat ａｎｄ　as an emotional haven is misguided in light of historical experience.

【参考译文】

人们对家庭的未来感到忧心忡忡，其根本原因不在于现实，而在于对文化的理想化期望与现实本身的冲突。由于怀念失落的家庭传统，我们在理解现代家庭状况时常存在着偏见，而实际上，这种家庭传统从未存在过。当前人们对家庭命运的担忧不仅仅反映出了家庭的问题，由于社会问题常常投射到家庭中，这种担忧也反映了人们对其他社会问题的种种忧虑。现在美国家庭面临的真正问题不是人们所常说的家庭崩溃的征兆，而是反映出美国家庭难以适应最近的社会变化，尤其是难以适应家庭规模缩小、家庭职能减少以及家庭适应能力越来越弱的现实。把家庭理想化为远离世界的避难所，或者错误地认为母亲工作对于家庭不利，使家庭承受了更大的压力。从过去的经验来看，一直强调家庭是个人和情感的避风港是有失偏颇的。

（二）

汉译英

十月的上海，阳光明媚，秋高气爽，来自35个国家和地区的1300余名比赛选手参加了在沪举行的本世纪最后一届世界中学生运动会。

世界各国青少年在沪逗留的时间虽然短暂，但上海的风貌和中国的传统文化仍然给他们留下了深刻的印象。无论是参观矗立于浦江之畔的东方明珠电视塔，还是游览静卧一隅的城隍庙，他们都能感受到传统与现代的美妙结合。博大精深的中国传统文化让这些外国朋友感受到的是神秘和新奇，这种认知来自短暂的接触，但从此之后，他们不会忘记;有这样一个民族，生活在世界的东方。

【参考译文】

On the clear ａｎｄ　crisp autumn days in Shanghai’s October, more than 1,300 participants from 35 countries ａｎｄ　regions attended the last World Juvenile Games of the 20th century held in the city.

Despite their short stay in Shanghai, the young people from various countries of the world are deeply impressed by Shanghai’s landscape and traditional Chinese culture. Whether visiting the Oriental Pearl Radio and Television Tower on the Huangpu River ｏｒthe City God Temple in a quiet corner of the city, they marvel at the miraculous combination of tradition and modernity. The profound traditional Chinese culture struck those foreign youngsters as mysterious ａｎｄ　novel. Their impression came from the short-time contact, but from then on, they will never forget such a nation in the East of the world.

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