Economies of Scale and Diseconomies of Scale：as the firm increases its output:size under perfect competition over the long run.

Benefits and Costs of International Trade：Benefits and Costs of International Trade:households and firms have greater product variety;of jobs in developed countries as a result of import competition.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)：within the economy in a given period of time incomedefinition.:approachrentgovernment services are simply included in GDP at theircoste.g.undergroundeconomyactivity

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Using the Different Tools of Fiscal Policy：Different Tools of Fiscal Policy:DirectCapitalpowerful as the direct effects.

Factors Influencing the Mix of Fiscal and Monetary Policy：Monetary Policy;by the political context.:Both fiscal and monetary policies suffer from;lack of precise knowledge of where:studyNoaccommodation.

Portfolio Expected Return and Variance of Return：= 8112 = 9. Thus:RjB.C.FirstEXY = EXEY

Theories of the Business Cycle - Neoclassical and Austrian Schools：hand,every good at which supply equals demand.:schoolto do in the recession phase is to allow the necessary market adjustment to take place as quickly as possible.

Definitions of Money：entire range of liquid assets that can be used to make purchases.

Why members and candidates must make disclosure of all matters ?：and their employer. （所有可能和客户、潜在客户、雇主产生利益冲突的事项都要进行披露）Must ensure that such disclosures are prominent,必须披露）The best practice is to assign another to follow up the company.;

Why members and candidates must develop and maintain appropriate records?：actions,Cannot usehistoricalrecommendations or research reports created at the previous firm because the supporting documentation is unavailable. （不能使用以前的推荐或者研究报告,因为没有支持数据）For future use,CFA

What's the meaning of independence and objectivity in professionalism?：or consideration that reasonably could be expected to compromise their own or another’s independence and objectivity.（那些被合理认为将会影响独立客观的威逼利诱都要不为所动）,但在他人眼中会影响独立性也不行）可能的话事先披露给雇主告诉雇主是为了引起雇主的同意

How to understand the Code of ethics and trust in the investment profession?：I,Professionalism:II:IIIIVVVIVIIResponsibilities as a CFA member or candidate