2019年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理历年真题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、If?we?leave?now,?we?should?miss?the?traffic.【单选题】

A.direct

B.stop

C.mix

D.avoid

正确答案:D

答案解析:题干大意：如果现在出发就能避免交通高峰。miss意为“错过”，如：I?missed?breakfast?this?morning.（今早我错过了吃早饭。）direct意为“指挥”，如：She?directed?the?planning?of?the?festival.（她统管节日安排。）stop意为“停止”，如：Stop?talking.（别说话。）mix意为“混合”，如：Mix?water?and?flour.（将水和面粉混合。）avoid意为“避免”，最符合题意，如：Avoid?making?any?noise（避免制造任何噪音。）

2、I?enjoyed?the?play?which?had?a?clever?plot?and?funny?dialogues.【单选题】

A.long

B.boring

C.original

D.humorous

正确答案:D

答案解析:题干大意：我喜欢这出有巧妙情节和风趣对话的戏。funny意为“有趣的”，如：a?funny?story（有趣的故事）。long意为“长的”，如：long?hair（长发）。boring意为“枯燥的”，如：a?boring?person（无聊的人）。original意为“最初的”，如：Stick?to?the?original?plan.（坚持原计划。）humorous意为“幽默的”，最符合题意，如：The?film?is?humorous?and?moving.（这部电影既风趣又动人。）

3、Smallpox virus
It's now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction of the smallpox virus. The idea was to cap the glorious achievement of 1980, when smallpox was eradicated in the wild, by destroying the killer virus in the last two labs that are supposed to have it—one in the US and one in Russia. If smallpox had truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?
In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let go of such a potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials. ____ the last “official” stocks of live virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia, for no obvious gain.
Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way for tests on new treatments and vaccines. So one again there's a good reason to keep the virus—just in case the disease puts in a reappearance.
How do we deal with the mistrust of the US and Russia? Simple. Keep the virus under international auspices in a well-guarded UN laboratory that's open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it rejects a multilateral approach to just about everything. But it doesn't mean the idea is wrong. If the virus is useful, then let's make it the servant of all humanity—not just a part of it.
【单选题】

A.And

B.While

C.Whereas

D.Although

正确答案:A

答案解析:上一句句末的标点符号表明本句是一个独立的句子。只有and可用于一个独立的句子，其他选项都不可以。

4、The motorcar
Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future.
The motorcar will undoubtedly. change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.
Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion. One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system.
When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (可伸缩的) arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the car's movements.
The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer (蜂鸣器) that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway.
What is the author's attitude toward the future of autos?
【单选题】

A.Enthusiastic

B.Pessimistic

C.Optimistic

D.Cautious

正确答案:C

答案解析:从作者对计算机监控系统的使用来看，作者对自行车的前景是持乐观态度的，所以答案为C。

5、The Ideal Husband
Science now might be able to explain women's fascination with Brad Pitt's face and George Clooney's eyes. Women seem to judge potential mate by how masculine their features are, new research shows. Men with square jaws and well-defined brow ridges are seen as good short-term partners, while those with more feminine traits such as a rounder face and fuller lips are perceived as better long-term mates.
In the study by Daniel Kruger at the US's University of Michigan, 854 subjects viewed a series of ____ head shots that had been digitally changed to exaggerate or minimize masculine traits. They then . answered questions about how they expected the men in the photos to behave.
Most participants said that those with more masculine features were likely to be risky, competitive, and more apt to fight, challenge bosses, cheat on spouses and put less effort into parenting. Those with more feminine faces were seen as good parents and husbands, hard workers and emotionally supportive mates.
But, despite all the negative characteristics, when asked who they would choose for a short-term relationship, women selected the more masculine looking men. Brad and George, both chiseled jaws and well-defined brows, then would be good for a brief romance, not for something longer.
The study was published in the December issue of the US journal Personal Relationships.
Kruger said that from an evolutionary perspective, this makes sense. The key is testosterone, the hormone responsible for the development of masculine facial features and other sexual characteristics. It has been found to affect the body's ability to fight disease: men with high levels of the hormone are typically strong and healthy- traits women want to pass on to their children.
However, increased testosterone has also been linked to cheating and violence in relationships. So, these men might produce high quality offspring, but they don't always make great parents or faithful mates, Kruger says.
The scientific community have shown skepticism toward physiognomy, which links facial characteristics to certain behavioral traits. But Kruger argues that the research is a valuable tool for understanding mating strategies. And, of course, for explaining why Tony Leung and Takeshi Kanesshiro have millions of female fans. It might have to do with their genes. Or something to do with ours.
【单选题】

A.female

B.beautiful

C.attractive

D.male

正确答案:D

答案解析:female:女性的；beautiful:漂亮的；attractive: 吸引人的；male:男性的。该题问的是：854个调查对象看了一系列什么样的头部镜头？在第一题的题解中我们说到，本文的主题是讲女人找伴侣，同时也说到女人是根据男性的特征来选择配偶的。因此在这四个选项中选male是对的。

6、Gun Rights in the US
Immediately after the shooting at Virginia Tech University, Americans gathered to mourn the dead. The president and the state governor both hurried there to share the grief. But the majority of Americans still cling to their right to own weapons.
Strictly speaking, the US is not the only country where gun violence has destroyed lives, families and communities in everyday circumstance. But the US is one of the few countries that seems unwilling and politically incapable of doing anything serious to stop it.
In countries like Britain and Canada. The government adopted stricter gun control soon after serious gun violence incidents. US leaders, however, are held hostage by the gun lobby and the electoral system.
The powerful National Rifle Association, the major supporter of gun rights in the US, is too strong for any party to take on. Most Republicans oppose gun controls anyway. Over the years, the Democrats have found that they can either campaign for gun control or win power, not both; they prefer power.
According to the US Bureau of Justice Statistics, firearm incidents accounted for nine percent of the 4.7 million violent crimes in 2005. So, although opinion polls show most Americans want stricter gun laws, many don't want to give up their arms they ____ to protect themselves.
Dave Hancock, a Virginia gun lover, is one example. In an interview he said. "If one professor in Virginia incident had been carrying a legal weapon they might have been able to stop all this. " In his opinion, the massacre is an argument for more people to carry, weapons, not fewer.
But at the root of Americans' clinging to the right to bear arms is not just a fear of crime, but a mistrust of government , commented UK's Guardian newspaper.
One Virginia resident, who had a permit to carry; a concealed firearm, told the Guardian thin itwas every American's responsibility to have a gun.
"Each person," he said, "should not rely solely on the government for protection. "
【单选题】

A.hide

B.buy

C.sell

D.keep

正确答案:D

答案解析:所给的四个动词中，只有keep是状态动词，本句应选择填状态动词。

7、Breast Cancer Deaths Record Low
The number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to a record low by dropping under 12,000 a year for the first time since records began.
The Cancer' Research UK data showed that 11.990 women died in the UK in 2007.
The previous lowest figure had been recorded in 1971-the year records began-after which it rose steadily year by year until the late 1980s.
Professor Peter Johnson, Cancer Research UK's chief clinician. said: "It's incredibly encouraging to see fewer women dying from breast cancer now than at any time in the last 40 years, despite breast cancer being diagnosed more often."
"Research has played a crucial role in this progress leading to improved treatments and better management for women with the disease."
"The introduction of the NHS (国民保健制度) breast screening 3 program has also contributed as women are more likely to survive the earlier cancer is diagnosed."
Breast cancer is now the most common cancer in the UK with 45,500 women every year diagnosed with the disease - a 50% rise in 25 years.
The number of deaths peaked in 1989, when 15,625 women died. It then fell by between 200 and 400 deaths each year until 2004.
There was a slight rise in 2005 and then two years of falls.
Dr. Sarah Cant, policy manager at Breakthrough Breast Cancer said: "It is great news that fewer women are dying from breast cancer and highlights the impact of improved treatments, breast screening and awareness of the disease. "
"However, this is still too many women and incidence of the disease is increasing year by year. "
The rising rate of breast cancer diagnosis has been put down to a variety of factors including obesity(肥胖) and alcohol consumption.
Breast cancer can come back 10 years after you were first diagnosed. 【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度较大，答案依据不明显，需要通读全文。通读全文可以发现，文章没有提及在第一次被诊断出乳腺癌后，患者有可能10年后复发的情况，因此本题未提及，答案是C。

8、The Iceman
On a September day in 1991, two Germans were climbing the mountains between Austria and Italy. High up on a mountain pass, they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height (10,499 feet, or 3 ,200 meters) , the ice is usually permanent, but 1991 had been an especially warm year. The mountain ice had melted more than usual and so the body had come to the surface.
It was lying face downward. The skeleton (骨架) was in perfect condition, except for a wound in the head, There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes. The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth hoots. Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark (树皮) and a holder for arrows.
Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years old.
With modern dating techniques, the scientists soon learned that the Iceman was about 5,300 years old. Born in about 3300 B. C. , he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe. At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains. More recent evidence, however, tells a different story, A new kind of X - ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder. It left only a tiny hole in his skin, but it caused internal damage and bleeding. He almost certainly died from this wound, and not from the wound on the back of his head. This means that he was probably in some kind of a battle. It may have been part of a larger war, or he may have been fighting bandits. He may even have been a bandit himself.
By studying his clothes and tools, scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived in. We may never know the full story of how he died, but he has given us important clues to the history of those distant times.
The word "bandits" in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by ______. 【单选题】

A.soldiers

B.hunters

C.shooters

D.robbers

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题是词义题，比较容易。文章第四段谈到冰人当时与强盗交战，可以推测他本人有可能是强盗，另外也可以迅速查词典确定含义，答案是D。

9、Semco
At 21, Ricardo Semler became boss of his father-s business in Brazil, Semco, which sold parts for ships. Semler Junior worked like a madman, from 7:30 am. , until midnight every day. One afternoon, while touring a factory in New York, he collapsed. The doctor who treated him said, "There's nothing wrong with you. But if you continue like this, you'll find a new home in our hospital." Semler got the message. He changed the way he worked. In fact, he changed the way his employees worked too.
He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong. He allowed them to set their own salaries, and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary, like receptionists and secretaries. This saved money and brought more equality to the company. "Everyone at Semco, even top managers, meets guests in reception, does the photocopying, sends faxes, types letters and dials the phone."
He completely reorganized the office, instead of walls, they have plants at Semco, so bosses can't shut themselves away from everyone else. ____ As for uniforms, some people wear suits and others wear T - shirts.
Semler says, "We have a sales manager named Rubin Agater who sits there reading the newspaper hour after hour. He doesn't even pretend to be busy. But when a Semco pump an the other side of the world fails and millions of gallons of oil are about to spill into the sea, Rubin springs into action.
He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them. That's when he earns his salary. No one cares if he doesn't look busy the rest of the time."
Semco has flexible working hours, the employees decide when they need to arrive at work, The employees also evaluate their bosses twice a year. Also, Semco lets its workers use the company's machines for their own projects, and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.
It sounds perfect, but does it work? The answer is in the numbers. In the last six years, Semco's revenues have gone from $ 35 million to $ 212 million. The company has grown from eight hundred employees to 3,000, Why?
Semler says it's because of "peer pressure". Peer pressure makes everyone work hard for everyone else. doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue. In other words, Ricardo Semler treats his workers like adults and expects them to act like adults, And they do.
【单选题】

A.Also, Semco lets its workers use the company's machines for their own projects, and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.

B.Most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work.

C.This saved money and brought more equality to the company.

D.And the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want.

E.He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them.

F.If someone isn't doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue.

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题难度也较大，需要认真阅读文章，可用排除法和代入法。本题的上文谈到了新老板重新布置了办公室，下文转到谈论工作制服，可以推断，本题会接着办公室工作环境谈，回来找选项，D谈到了员工办公室，把D代入原文中，符合上下文逻辑，是答案。

10、Nurse! I Want My Mummy
When a child is ill in hospital, a parent's first reaction is to be with them.
Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep overnight with their child, providing a bed or sofa on the ward.
But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon (不赞同) — it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children would be upset when their parents left, and so there was a blanket (通用的) ban.
A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study "Nurse, I want my mummy!" published in 1974, ____ the face "paediatric (儿科的) nursing.
Martin Johnson, a professor of nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care.
"Pamela's study was done against the background of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in hospital."
"The idea was that if mum came to visita small child in hospital the child would be upset and inconsolable (无法安慰的) for hours. "
"Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. "
"Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was ever coming back."
"To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit."
"But children were alone and depressed, so Hawthorn said parents should be allowed to visit."
Dr. Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal (开创性的).
"Her research put an end to the days when parents handed their children over to strangers at the door of the hospital ward."
"As a result of her work, parents are now recognized as partners in care and are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children while they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents' and children's experience of care."
【单选题】

A.changed

B.examined

C.covered

D.cleaned

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，考查词义辨析，可以先看选项得到信息提示。文章此处是说“她的研究改变了儿科护理的面貌”，答案是A。