2021年职称英语考试《综合类》考试共65题，分为单选题。小编为您整理阅读判断分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、Why Is the Native Language Learnt So Well?How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well? When we compare them with adults learning a foreign language, we often find this interesting fact. A little child without knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery of the language. A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers, in most case, may end up with a faulty and inexact command. What accounts for this difference?Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. In the first place, the time of learning the mother tongue is the most favorable of all, namely, the first years of life. A child hears it spoken from morning till night and, what is more important, always in its genuine form, with the right pronunciation, right intonation, and right use of words and right structure. He drinks in all the words and expressions, which come to him in a flash, ever-bubbling spring. There is no resistance: there is perfect assimilation.Then the child has, as it were, private lessons all the year round, while an adult language-student has each week a limited number of hours, which he generally shares with others. The child has another advantage: he hears the language in all possible situations, always accompanied by the right kind of gestures and facial expressions. Here there is nothing unnatural, such as is often found in language lessons in schools, when one talks about ice and snow in June or scorching heat in January. And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him. Again and again, when his attempts at speech are successful, his desires are understood and fulfilled.Finally, though a child\'s "teachers" may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.Compared with adults learning a foreign language, children learn their native language with ease.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:A

答案解析:题干大意：与学习外语的成年人相比，儿童学习母语很容易。该问题考查考生对事实的判断。利用答案线索词adult和children，我们很快在第一段的段首句中发现children，而在随后的一句中发现adult。第一句的句意是：为什么孩子学习母语学得这么好？第二句的句意是：当我们把孩子和学习外语的成年人比较时，我们发现了这个有趣的事实。依据这两句判断该题实际上是对原文中这两个句子的总结说明。有的问题是考查考生的语言总结能力。

2、Why Is the Native Language Learnt So Well?How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well? When we compare them with adults learning a foreign language, we often find this interesting fact. A little child without knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery of the language. A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers, in most case, may end up with a faulty and inexact command. What accounts for this difference?Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. In the first place, the time of learning the mother tongue is the most favorable of all, namely, the first years of life. A child hears it spoken from morning till night and, what is more important, always in its genuine form, with the right pronunciation, right intonation, and right use of words and right structure. He drinks in all the words and expressions, which come to him in a flash, ever-bubbling spring. There is no resistance: there is perfect assimilation.Then the child has, as it were, private lessons all the year round, while an adult language-student has each week a limited number of hours, which he generally shares with others. The child has another advantage: he hears the language in all possible situations, always accompanied by the right kind of gestures and facial expressions. Here there is nothing unnatural, such as is often found in language lessons in schools, when one talks about ice and snow in June or scorching heat in January. And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him. Again and again, when his attempts at speech are successful, his desires are understood and fulfilled.Finally, though a child\'s "teachers" may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.Adults’knowledge and mental powers hinder their complete mastery of a foreign language.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:题干大意：成年人的知识和智力阻碍了他们对外语的掌握。该问题也是考查考生对事实的判断。利用答案线索词mental powers，我们可以很快在第一段第四句中发现mental powers。该句句意是：智力得到充分发育的成年人，在大多数情况下，对外语掌握得不好。但原文中并没提到“成年人掌握不好外语的原因”，所以可以判断文中没有提到与题干相关的内容。

3、Why Is the Native Language Learnt So Well?How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well? When we compare them with adults learning a foreign language, we often find this interesting fact. A little child without knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery of the language. A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers, in most case, may end up with a faulty and inexact command. What accounts for this difference?Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. In the first place, the time of learning the mother tongue is the most favorable of all, namely, the first years of life. A child hears it spoken from morning till night and, what is more important, always in its genuine form, with the right pronunciation, right intonation, and right use of words and right structure. He drinks in all the words and expressions, which come to him in a flash, ever-bubbling spring. There is no resistance: there is perfect assimilation.Then the child has, as it were, private lessons all the year round, while an adult language-student has each week a limited number of hours, which he generally shares with others. The child has another advantage: he hears the language in all possible situations, always accompanied by the right kind of gestures and facial expressions. Here there is nothing unnatural, such as is often found in language lessons in schools, when one talks about ice and snow in June or scorching heat in January. And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him. Again and again, when his attempts at speech are successful, his desires are understood and fulfilled.Finally, though a child\'s "teachers" may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.Plenty of practice in listening during the first years of life partly ensures children’s success of learning their mother tongue.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:A

答案解析:题干大意：早年大量的听力练习是儿童成功学习母语的一个原因。利用答案线索词the first years of life，我们可以很快在第二段第二句中发现相关句。该句句意：首先，一生的头几年是学习母语的最佳时间。所以该问题句的说法“正确”。

4、African wild dogFinding a babysitter while you go out to work is, for example, an inconvenience. For the African wild dog, one of the continent\'s most endangered carnivores （食肉动物), it\'s a matter of life and death. A new research shows that once packs (兽群) fall below a certain size, they are not enough animals to both hunt food and stay at home protecting the young.The African wild dog has declined drastically over the past century. Habitual loss (栖息地的丧失), persecution and unexplained outbreaks of disease have all been blamed. Only 3, 000 to5,000 animals remain, and the species is expected to go extinct within decades if the trend continues.Other large carnivores such as the spotted hyena (鬣狗) face similar pressures, yet are not declining. Now Franck Courchamp of Cambridge University has found a reason why. The dog\'s weakness lies in its social organization.Within each pack of up to 20 adults and pups, only the dominant male and female breed. The remaining animals help raise the pups, cooperating to hunt prey and defend the kill from other carnivores.Because pups can\'t keep up on a hunt, large packs leave an adult behind to protect them from predators (捕猎者), which include lions and hyenas. But leaving a babysitter also carries costs. A smaller hunting party is less able to tackle large prey and to defend the kill. There is also one less stomach in which to carry food back to the den, and one more mouth to feed when they get there.Courchamp investigated this awkward trade-off (权衡) by modeling how the costs of a babysitter change with decreasing pack size. This showed that packs of more than five adults should be able to feed all the pups and still spare a babysitter. But with smaller packs, either the hunting or the babysitting suffers, or the animals have to compensate by increasing the number of hunting excursions which itself carries a cost to the pack.Field observations in Zimbabwe supported the model. Packs of five animals or fewer left pups unguarded more frequently than larger packs did. There was also evidence that when they did leave a babysitter, they were forced to hunt more often.A pack which drops below a critical size becomes caught in a vicious circle (恶性循环), says Courchamp, who is now at Paris-Sud University. "Poor reproduction and low survival further reduces pack size, culminating in (最终造成) failure of the whole pack. " And deaths caused by human activity, says Courchamp, may be what reduce pack numbers to below the sustamable threshold. Mammal ecologist Chris Carbone at London\'s Institute of Zoology agrees. Maintaining the integrity of wild dog packs will be vitalin preserving the species, he says.Steps will be taken to protect the African wild dog.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:文章最后一句话意思是“他说，保持非洲野狗群的完整对保护该物种是重要的”。但文章没有说将采取何种措施保护非洲野狗。

5、A Glass of MilkOne day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by selling goods door to door found that he only had one dime left. He was hungry so he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, "How much do I owe you?""You don\'t owe me anything," she replied. "Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness," he said, "Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart. " As Howard Kelly left that house, he not only felt stronger physically, but also increased his faith in God and the human race. He was about to give up and quit before this point.Years later the young woman became critically ill. The local doctors were baffled. They finally sent her to the big city, where specialists can be called in to study her rare disease. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous was called in for the consultation. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Immediately, he rose and went down through the hospital hall into her room.Dressed in his doctor\'s gown he went in to see her. He recognized her at once. He went back to the consultation room and determined to do his best to save her life. From that day on, he gave special attention to her case.After a long struggle, the battle was won. Dr. Kelly requested the business office to pass the final bill to him for approval. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to her room. She was afraid to open it because she was positive that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words. . ."Paid in full with a glass of milk," signed Dr. Howard KellyTears of joy flooded her eyes as she prayed silently: "Thank You, God. Your love has spread through human hearts and hands. "Later the young woman became a famous doctor.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:B

答案解析:人物搞混了，是小男孩成了有名的医生。