2019年MBA考试《英语》考试共48题，分为英译汉和写作和完形填空和阅读理解A和阅读理解B。小编为您整理第六章 短文翻译5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、

    120 presidents and prime ministers will gather in New York for a UN conference on climate change. It is the first time the subject has brought so many leaders together since the ill-fated Copenhagen summit of 2009. Now, as then, they will assert that reining in global warming is a political priority. Some may commit their governments to policies aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

    According to scientists, cutting carbon-dioxide emission is an essential part of reducing catastrophic risk from climate change. Yet governments are persistently reluctant to provide estimates of how much carbon a policy saves. That may because, in countries where climate change is controversial, it makes more sense to talk about the other benefits a scheme offers rather than its effect on carbon. Or it may be that, in countries which are enthusiastic about renewable energy, pointing out that it may not save that much carbon is seen as unhelpful. Or perhaps governments think climate change is so serious that all measures must be taken, regardless of cost.

答案解析:

       据报道120多位国家总统和首相将会汇聚纽约，出席联合国气候变化大会。这是自2009年一无所获的哥本哈根气候大会之后，多国元首第一次为了此项议题聚会。就像当时一样，他们如今也一致认为控制全球变暖是政治的头等大事。一些国家元首可能会承诺实行以削减温室气体排放为目标的相关政策。

       科学家认为，减少二氧化碳排放量是降低气候变化导致的灾难风险必不可少的一步。但是，各国政府始终都不愿就其政策可减少的碳排放量问题给出预估。这也许是因为，在某些国家，气候变化问题仍然存在争议，这样，对政府而言，展示其政策的其他收效而非减排更有意义；有些国家热衷于再生能源，指出政府政策未能完成减排量也于事无补；有些国家认为气候变化问题非常严重，应该不惜代价，采取措施（应对）。

2、

    Not content with its doubtful claim to produce cheap food for our own population, the factory farming industry also argues that “hungry nations are benefiting from advances made by the poultry industry”. In fact，rather than helping the fight against malnutrition in “hungry nations，”the spread of factory farming has, inevitably aggravated the problem.

    Large-scale intensive meat and poultry production is a waste of food resources. This is because more protein has to be fed to animals in the form of vegetable matter than can ever be recovered in the form of meat. Much of the food value is lost in the animal’s process of digestion and cell replacement. Neither, in the case of chicken, can one eat feathers, blood, feet or head. In all, only about 44% of the live animal fits to be eaten as meat.

    This means one has to feed approximately 9-10 times as much food value to the animal than one can consume from the carcass. As a system for feeding the hungry, the effects can prove disastrous. At times of crisis, grain is the food of life.

答案解析:

       农产品加工业不满意怀疑他们提供便宜食物的说法，争辩道“饥饿国家会从家禽业发展中受益。”事实上，农产品加工业的推广并没有帮助“饥饿国家”解决营养不良问题，而是使这个问题更为严重。

       大范围密集的肉类和家禽浪费了粮食资源。这是因为，以蔬菜的形式喂给动物的蛋白质要比常吃肉形成的蛋白质多。许多营养成分在动物的消化和细胞替换的过程中丢失了。以鸡为例，人不能吃鸡的羽毛、血、脚、头，总之，动物身上只有44％的部分可供人吃。

       这意味着，我们喂给动物的营养大约在是我们要从它们身上得到的营养的9-10倍。这种帮助饥饿国家的计划会造成灾难性的后果。在危机时刻，谷物就成了生命的食物。

3、

    Quality of life is about more than the size of your pay cheque. It means being able to spend an evening with your family once a week--instead of keeping one parent at home with the kids while the other works, and then exchanging a few words when you switch roles halfway through the day. It means being able to request working hours that allow you to travel when buses are running so you do not have to walk miles to get to work.    

    Those things matter to workers. When someone on a low wage talks about finding a better job, better pay is just  part of the mix. This is why campaigns groups across America are trying to win better conditions--enabling  mployees to address questions of health, safety and life quality, alongside their wage gains. Short-notice rotas, as much as low pay or unsafe conditions, are central to a spate of protests across the US.

答案解析:        生活质量不仅在于薪水高低。有质量的生活意味着每周能和家人共度一晚——而不是一方在家带孩子，另一方在外工作，然后在中午角色互换时说几句话。有质量的生活还意味着在公交运营时间内上下班，而不必步行几英里去上班。
        这些事情对劳动者来说很重要。当一个薪水较低的人谈起找一份更好的工作时，更高的薪资仅仅是部分因素。这就是为什么美国各地的活动团体一直在努力争取更好的工作条件——让雇员在获得涨薪的同时，也能够解决健康、安全和生活质量方面的问题。临时排班与低薪和不安全的工作条件一样，是美国各地大量抗议活动主要针对的问题。

4、    Climate change is a global issue of common concern to the international community. In recent years, worldwide heat waves, droughts, floods and other extreme climate events have occurred frequently, making the impact of climate change increasingly prominent. It has become a main world trend that all countries join hands to respond to climate change and promote green and low-carbon development.
    China is the world's largest developing country, with a large population, insufficient energy resources, complex climate and fragile eco-environment. It has not yet completed the historical task of industrialization and urbanization and its development is unbalanced. China's per-capita GDP in 2010 was only a little more than RMB 29,000. By the UN standard, China still has a poverty-stricken population of over 100 million, thus it faces an extremely arduous task in developing its economy, eliminating poverty and improving the people's livelihood. In the meantime, China is one of the countries most vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. 【英译汉】

答案解析:       对于国际社会来讲，气候变化是个普遍关注的全球性问题。近年来，全球性热浪、干旱、洪水以及其他极端气候事件频频发生，使得气候变化的影响变得越来越突出。世界各国携手共同应对气候变化并促进绿色与低碳事业发展，已成为世界上的一个主流趋势。
       中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，人口众多，能源不足，气候复杂，生态环境脆弱。迄今尚未完成工业化与城市化的历史任务，并且发展也不均衡。中国在2010年的人均GDP仅仅是2万9千多人民币。根据联合国的贫困标准，中国仍有1亿多的贫困人口，因此，中国在发展经济、消除贫困以及改善民生方面面临的任务极为艰巨。同时，中国还是最容易遭受气候变化负作用影响的国家之一。

5、

    Almost invariably the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed form Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good.

    In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females, can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. On another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire（追求）to managerial positions do not get on as well as women who may be less attractive.

答案解析:        结果几乎完全一致，照片上越好看的人受到好评程度越高。社会科学家借用桑坡的话来总结这一普遍观念，即漂亮的就是好的。
        然而在商界，容貌出众给妇女带来了双重影响。而且这种影响比对男性的影响更大。一位这方面的权威犹他州立大学教授解释说：就他们的职业而言，相貌出众对男性的影响适中。但它对女性的潜在影响则是巨大的。例如，在公众眼中相貌出众的女性更容易找到工作。然而另一方面，现在有足够的文献资料可以使我们得出结论，在争取管理职位时，漂亮的女人往往不如那些长得不太漂亮的妇女机会多。