2020年CFA考试《CFA一级》考试共240题，分为单选题。小编为您整理Financial Statement Analysis5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、Accrued expense is most likely recorded by a company if cash is paid:【单选题】

A.before expense has been incurred.

B.at the same time expense has been incurred.

C.after expense has been incurred.

正确答案:C

答案解析:根据权责发生制（accrual accounting）原则，权责发生制的4种情况如下：
预收账款（unearned revenue）：已经收到现金，但是没有确认销售收入，因为实现销售收入的过程还没有完成。例如，中国移动预收电话费，会将其记入预收账款。
待摊费用（prepaid expense）：现金已经付出，但费用不能马上全部确认，而是应在一定期限内分摊费用。例如，预付了一年的房租，但只能在经过一个月后才能确认当月的租金费用。
应计收入（accrued revenue）：企业已经提供产品或服务，但现金还没有收到，最典型的例子就是以“赊销”的方式向下游客户出售商品而形成的应收账款。应计收入的增加会使利润增加，从而使留存收益（retained earnings)上升。
应付费用（accrued expense）：企业应支付，但当期尚未支付的费用，例如应付工资（wagespayable)。应付费用的增加会使利润减少，从而使留存收益（retained earnings）减少。

2、An analyst does research about redeemed bonds.A company issues bonds at adiscount, and reports their amortized historical cost.The company redeems thebonds before maturity, when they are trading at a premium.Which of the followingstatements is most accurate?【单选题】

A.Bonds payable is reduced by the amount of the bonds' market value.

B.Bonds payable is increased by the amount of the bonds' face value.

C.Bonds payable is reduced by the amount of the bonds' carrying value.

正确答案:C

答案解析:根据规定：应付债务减少额度与已赎回债务的账面价值(carrying value)有关。

3、An analyst does research about inventory accounting methods.Under U.S.GAAP, which of the following inventory accounting methods results in the highestending inventory when prices are rising and quantities are stable?【单选题】

A.Weighted average cost.

B.Last-in fist-out (LIFO).

C.First-in first-out (FIFO).

正确答案:C

答案解析:A.FIFO：先买进来的存货先用于生产，因此剩下的存货都是比较新的，所以在FIFO方法下能比较客观地反映出资产负债表中存货的价值。另外，在物价水平不断增长的情况下，用于生产的存货都是比较旧的，因此价格比较低，即COGS 比较低，因此会造成净利润高。B.LIFO:后买进来的存货先用于生产，因此剩下的存货都是比较旧的，所以在LIFO方法下，在物价水平不断增长的情况下，资产负债表反映的价值会比较低，但利润表则能较好地反映出COGS的真实水平，因此会造成净利润低。净利润低，对应的税就少，从而会造成CFO高。C.Weighted average cost介于两者之间。

4、An analyst does research about intangible assets.Expenditures on research aremost appropriately:【单选题】

A.expensed in the year incurred.

B.capitalized as intangible assets and amortized over the life of the asset.

C.capitalized as intangible assets and tested annually for impairment of value.

正确答案:A

答案解析:IFRS要求用于研究的支出（或在一个内部项目的研究阶段的支出）应该费用化而不是资本化。研究成本（research cost）是指发现新的科学技术知识，并加以理解的过程中发生的成本。然而，开发成本（development cost）是资本化。开发成本是指将研究发现转化为一个新产品或新工艺流程的计划或设计的过程中发生的成本。在U.S.GAAP下，研究和开发成本一般都费用化，唯一例外的是软件开发成本（software developmentcost)。

5、In the statement of cash flows, a company is allowed to classify interest paid:【单选题】

A.in either the operating or financing section under IFRS.

B.in either the operating or financing section under U.S. GAAP.

C.only in the financing section under both IFRS and U.S. GAAP.

正确答案:A

答案解析:“Understanding the Cash Flow Statement,” Thomas R. Robinson, CFA, Jan Hendrik van Greuning, CFA, R. Elaine Henry, CFA and Michael A. Broihahn, CFA
2010 Modular Level 1, Vol. 3, p. 254
“International Standards Convergence”, Thomas R. Robinson, CFA, Jan Hendrik van Greuning, CFA, R. Elaine Henry, CFA, and Michael A. Broihahn, CFA
2010 Modular Level 1, Vol. 3, p. 665
Study Session 8-34-c, 10-43-c
Compare and contrast the key differences in cash flow statements prepared under international financial reporting standards and U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Identify and explain the major differences between international and U.S.GAAP accounting standards concerning the treatment of interest and dividends on the statement of cash flows.
US GAAP requires that interest paid be classified as an operating cash flow; IFRS allows interest paid to be classified as either an operating or financing activity.