2019年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理阅读理解分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、Egypt Felled by Famine
Even ancient Egypt's mighty pyramid builders were powerless in the face of the famine that helped bring down their civilization around 2180 BC. Now evidence gleaned from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shift in climate thousands of kilometers to the south was ultimately to blame and the same or worse could happen today.
The ancient Egyptians depended on the Nile's annual floods to irrigate their crops. But any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons southwards out of Ethiopia would have diminished these floods.
Dwindling rains in the Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to stablize the soil. When rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and into Egypt, along with sediment from the White Nile.
The Blue Nile mud has a different isotope signature from that of the White Nile. So by analyzing isotope differences in mud deposited in the Nile Delta, Michael Krom of Leeds University worked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch of the river.
Krom reasons that during periods of drought, the amount of the Blue Nile mud in the river would be relatively high. He found that one of these periods, from 4,500 to 4,200 years ago, immediately predates the fall of the Egypt's Old Kingdom.
The weakened waters would have been catastrophic for the Egyptians. " Changes that affect food supply don't have to be very large to have a ripple effect in societies," says Bill Ryan of the Lamont Doberty Earth Observatory in New York.
"Similar events today could be even more devastating," says team member Daniel Stanley, a geoarchaeologist from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D C. " Anything humans do to shift the climate belts would have an even worse effect along the Nile system today because the populations have increased dramatically. "
According to Krom, Egypt's Old Kingdom fell ____.
【单选题】

A.immediately after a period of drought

B. immediately after a period of flood

C.just before a drought struck

D.just before a flood struck

正确答案:A

答案解析:A说的是：就在一个时期的干旱之后。第五段有这么一个句子：… one of these periods immediately predates the fall of the Egypt's Old Kingdom. 其中的一个时期…就发生在古埃及王国毁灭之前。可以看出，A应该是正确的答案。B：就在一个时期的水灾之后。C：就在遇到一次旱灾之前。D：就在遇到一次水灾之前。

2、A Tale of Scottish Rural Life
Lewis Grassic Gibbon's Sunset Song (1932) was voted "the best Scottish novel of all time" by Scottish's reading public in 2005. Once considered shocking for its frank description of aspects of the lives of Scotland's poor rural farmers, it has been adapted for stage, film, TV and radio in recent decades.
The novel is set on the fictional estate of Kinraddie, in the farming country of the Scottish northwest in the years up to and beyond World War I. At its heart is the story of Chris, who is both part of the community and a little outside it.
Grassic Gibbon gives us the most detailed and intimate account of the life of his heroine. We watch her grow through a childhood dominated by her cruel but hard-working father; experience tragedy (her mother's suicide and murder of her twin children); and learn about her feelings as she grows into woman. We see her marry, lose her husband, then marry again. Chris has seemed so convincing a figure to some female readers that they cannot believe that she is the creation of a man.
But it would be misleading to suggest that this book is just about Chris. It is truly a novel of a place and its people. Its opening section tells of Kinraddie's long history, in a language that imitates the place's changing patterns of speech and writing.
The story itself is amazingly full of characters and incidents. It is told from Chris' point of view but also from that of the gossiping community, a community where everybody knows everybody else's business and nothing is ever forgotten.
Sunset Song has a social theme too. It is concerned with what Grassic Gibbon perceives as the destruction of traditional Scottish rural life first by modernization and then by World War I. Gibbon tried hard to show how certain characters resist the war. Despite this, the war takes the young men away, a number of them to their deaths. In particular, it takes away Chris' husband, Ewan Tavendale. The war finally kills Ewan, but not in the way his widow is told In fact, the Germans aren't responsible for his death, but his own side. He is shot because he is said to have run away from a battle.
If the novel is about the end of one way of life it also looks ahead, it is a "Sunset Song" but is concerned too with the new Kinraddie, indeed of the new European world Grassic Gibbon went on to publish two other novels about the place that continue its story.
What is Sunset Song mainly about?【单选题】

A.The First World War.

B.The beauty of the sunset.

C.The new European world.

D.The lives of rural Scottish farmers.

正确答案:D

答案解析:A:第一次世界大战；B：日落之美；C：新欧洲世界；D:苏格兰农夫的生活。选项D是正确的，相关的信息可在第一段中找到。

3、Outside-the-classroom Learning Makes a Big Difference
Putting a bunch of college students in charge of a $300,000 Dance Marathon, fundraiser surely sounds a bit risky. When you consider the fact that the money is supposed to be given to. Children in need of medical care, you might call the idea crazy.
Most student leaders don't want to spend a large amount of time on something they care little about, said 22-year-old University of Florida student Darren Heitner. He was the Dance Marathon's operations officer for two years.
Yvonne Fangmeyer, director of the student organization office at the University of Wisconsin, conducted a survey in February of students involved in campus organizations. She said the desire for friendship was the most frequently cited reason for joining.
At large universities like Fangmeyer's, which has more than 40,000 students, the students, first of all, want to find a way to "belong in their own comer of campus".
Katie Rowley, a Wisconsin senior, confirms the survey's findings. "I wanted to make the campus feel smaller by joining an organization where I could not only get involved on campus but also find a group of friends. "
All of this talk of friendship, however, does not mean that students aren't thinking about their resumes. "I think that a lot of people do join to 'fatten up their resume'," said Heitner. "At the beginning of my college career, I joined a few of these organizations, hoping to get a start in my leadership roles. "
But without passion student leaders can have a difficult time trying to weather the storms that come. For example, in April, several student organizations at Wisconsin teamed up for an event designed to educate students about homelessness and poverty. Student leaders had to face the problem of solving disagreements, moving the event because of rainy weather, and dealing with the university's complicated bureaucracy.
"Outside-of the classroom learning really makes a big difference," Fangmeyer said.
An extracurricular activity like raising a fund of $300,000 is risky because most student leaders ____.【单选题】

A.are lazy

B.are stupid

C.are not rich enough

D.wilt not take an interest in it

正确答案:D

答案解析:答案可以从第二段的第一句话中找到。第一句话是这么说的：大多数学生干部并不想在它们不感兴趣的事上花大量的时间。

4、Surprised by a Miracle
I had been working in the trauma unit at a local hospital for about a year. You get used to families thinking that a "coma" patient is moving their hand or doing something that they were asked to do. "Following commands" is what we call it. Often it's "wishful thinking" on the Families' part. Nurses can easily become callous to it.
On this particular night during visiting hours, my patient's wife came in. I had taken care of him for several nights. I was very familiar with his care and what he was able to do. Actually, he didn't do anything. He barely moved at all, even when something would obviously hurt him, such as suctioning.
His wife was very short, about 5 feet tall. She had to stand on a stool to lean over him, so that she could see his face and talk to him. She climbed up on the stool. I spoke to her for a few minutes, and then stepped out to tend to my other patient. A few minutes later, she came running out of the room. In an excited voice, she said, "Donna, he's moving his hand!"
I immediately thought that it was probably her imagination, and that he had not actually done it on purpose. He had been there about a month at the time and had never made any movements on purpose. I asked her what had happened and she said, "I asked him to squeeze my hand and he did!"
This led me to another train of questioning. "But, did he let go when you asked him to?" She said yes, that he had done exactly what she asked.
I went into the room with her, not really believing that I would see anything different than I had always seen. But I decided that it would be better to pacify her than to make her think I didn't believe her or that she was somehow mistaken.
She asked him to squeeze her hand, which he did. I said, "Well, ask him to let go. " He continued to squeeze for a moment, so that when he finally did let go, I really still didn't believe that he had done it on purpose. So, I said, "Ask him to hold up one finger. " He did as asked.
Well, hmm, this was starting to get my attention. I looked at him, his face still somewhat swollen and his eyes still closed. "Stick out your tongue!" I said. He did it. I almost fell on the floor. It was the first time I had ever seen anyone "wake up. "
How did the author feel upon first hearing what the excited wife said?【单选题】

A.She was amused.

B.She was doubtful.

C.She was scared.

D.She was shocked.

正确答案:B

答案解析:短文的第三段的头一句话表明，作者开始基本上不相信病人家属所说的话。

5、Vicious and Dangerous Sports Should Be Banned by Law
When you think of the tremendous technological progress we have made, it's amazing how little we have developed in other respects. We may speak contemptuously of the poor old Romans because they relished the orgies of slaughter that went on in their arenas. We may despise them because they mistook these goings on for entertainment. We may forgive them condescendingly because they lived 2,000 years ago and obviously knew no better. But are our feelings of superiority really justified? Are we any less blood-thirsty? Why do boxing matches, for instance, attract such universal interest? Don't the spectators who at tend them hope they will see some violence? Human beings remains as blood-thirsty as ever they were. The only difference between ourselves and the Romans is that while they were honest enough to admit that they enjoyed watching hungry lions tearing people apart and eating them alive, we find all sorts of sophisticated arguments to defend sports which should have been banned long age; sports which are quite as barbarous as, say, public hangings or bearbaiting.
It really is incredible that in this day and age we should still allow hunting or bullfighting, that we should be prepared to sit back and watch two men batter each other to pulp in a boxing ring, that we should be relatively unmoved by the sight of one or a num ber of racing cars crashing and bursting into flames. Let us not deceive ourselves. Any talk of "the sporting spirit" is sheer hypocrisy. People take part in violent sports because of the high rewards they bring. Spectators are willing to pay vast sums of money to see violence. A world heavyweight championship match, for instance, is front page news. Millions of people are disappointed if a big fight is over in two rounds instead of fifteen. They feel disappointment because they have been deprived of the exquisite pleasure of witnessing prolonged torture and violence.
Why should we ban violent sports if people enjoy them so much? You may well ask. The answer is simple: they are uncivilized. For centuries man has been trying to improve himself spiritually and emotionally-admittedly with little success. But at least we no longer tolerate the sight madmen cooped up in cages, or public floggings of any of the countless other barbaric practices which were common in the past. Prisons are no longer the grim forbidding places they used to be. Social welfare systems are in operation in many parts of the world. Big efforts are being made to distribute wealth fairly. These changes have come about not because human beings have suddenly and unaccountably improved, but be cause positive steps were taken to change the law. The law is the biggest instrument of social change that we have and it may exert great civilizing influence. If we banned danger ous and violent sports, we would be moving one step further to improving mankind. We would recognize that violence is degrading and unworthy of human beings.
The purpose of the author in writing this passage is____.
【单选题】

A.that, by banning the violent sports, we human beings can improve ourselves

B.that, by banning the dangerous sports, we can improve the law

C.that we must take positive steps to improve social welfare system

D.to show law is the main instrument of social change

正确答案:A

答案解析:主旨题。答案参见第三段：通过制止野蛮体育项目，我们能改善人类自身。选项A与此相符合，故正确答案为A。