2019年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理历年真题5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、Nurse! I Want My Mummy
When a child is ill in hospital, a parent's first reaction is to be with them.
Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep overnight with their child, providing a bed or sofa on the ward.
But until the 1970s this ____ was not only frowned upon (不赞同) — it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children would be upset when their parents left, and so there was a blanket (通用的) ban.
A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study "Nurse, I want my mummy!" published in 1974, changed the face "paediatric (儿科的) nursing.
Martin Johnson, a professor of nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care.
"Pamela's study was done against the background of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in hospital."
"The idea was that if mum came to visita small child in hospital the child would be upset and inconsolable (无法安慰的) for hours. "
"Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. "
"Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was ever coming back."
"To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit."
"But children were alone and depressed, so Hawthorn said parents should be allowed to visit."
Dr. Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal (开创性的).
"Her research put an end to the days when parents handed their children over to strangers at the door of the hospital ward."
"As a result of her work, parents are now recognized as partners in care and are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children while they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents' and children's experience of care."
【单选题】

A.order

B.thought

C.exercise

D.practice

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题有一定难度，考查词义辨析，考察practice的引申意义，文章此处是说“直到19世纪70年代，这个惯例才被接受”，practice引申意义指“惯例”，答案是D。

2、All the pupils seem to be very cheerful.【单选题】

A.happy

B.healthy

C.naughty

D.busy

正确答案:A

答案解析:所有的小学生看起来都很高兴。本题难度不大，考察的是基本意义，干扰项干扰不大，cheerful和happy都有“高兴的”的意思，是近义词，其他选项都是常用词汇，和答案意义差异大，最佳答案是A。

3、College Night Owls Have Lower Grades
College students who are morning people tend to get better grades than those who are night owls(晚睡的人), according to University of North Texas researchers.
They had 824 undergraduate(大学本科生的) students complete a health survey that in cluded questions about sleep habits and daytime functioning, and found that students who are morning people had higher grade point averages(GPAs) than those who are night people.
"The finding that college students who are evening types have lower GPAs is a very important finding, sure to make its way into undergraduate psychology texts in the near future, along with the research showing that memory is improved by sleep," study co - author Daniet J. Taylor said in a prepared statement.
"Further, these results suggest that it might be possible to improve academic performance by using chronotherapy (时间疗法) to help students retrain their biological clock to become more morning types," Taylor said.
The research was expected to be presented Monday at SLEEP, the annual meeting of the Associated Professional (专业的) Sleep Societies, in Baltimore.
In other findings expected to be heard at the meeting, University of Colorado researchers found a significant association between insomnia (失眠) and a decline in college students' academic performance.
The study included 64 psychology, nursing and medical students, average age 27. 4 years, who were divided into two groups—low GPAs and high GPAs.
Among those with low GPAs,69.7 percent had trouble falling asleep,53.1 percent experienced leg kicks or twitches (痉挛) at night, 65.6 percent reported waking at night and having trouble falling back to sleep, and 72.7 percent had difficulty concentrating during the day.
"In college students, the complaint of difficulty concentrating during the day continues to have a considerable impact on their ability to succeed in the classroom," study author Dr. James F. Pagel said in a prepared statement. "This study showed that disordered sleep has significant harmful effects on a student's academic performance, including GPAs."
Mr. Taylor believed that the finding of their study would soon ______.【单选题】

A.be criticized by psychology students

B.be confirmed by psychological studies

C.be included in undergraduate psychology texts

D.become the most popular psychology text

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，答案依据是文章第三段第一句，谈到研究结果一定会在不久将来被收录到本科心理学教材中，回来看选项，C项和原文句意相符，是答案。

4、Online Cancer Chat with a Safety Net
Cancer Research UK has launched an online chat forum for cancer patients to swap (变换) stories and share experiences on how to cope with such a devastating disease.
But Cancer Chat is a forum with a difference: it has an information safety net.
This means that a Cancer Research UK team will keep a watching brief to ensure that patients are not subjected to rogue (劣等的) "cancer cures" or scientifically unsound information.
Anyone can have access to the messages posted on Cancer Chat, but if people wish to post a message, they will need to register.
And Rebekah Gibbs, cancer patient and star of TWs Casualty, has pledged her support for the new project. "I think Cancer Chat is a brilliant idea," she said. "I have written a public diary about what I went through with breast cancer and I have had such a heart - warming response from other people going through the same thing."
The idea of a Cancer Chat forum means you can share information about treatment and side effects and you can really open up about your feelings online in a way that can be difficult when talking to close friends and family. And with Cancer Research UK monitoring the forum, people can be reassured about the quality of information being exchanged.
Cancer Chat will also encourage its users to check out any cancer questions on its CancerHelp UK website, which is specially designed to give patients and their families 6,000 pages of up - to - date information that is easy to understand and explains a wide range of treatments for different types of cancer and gives details of clinical trials. There is also a UK database of cancer clinical trials.
The award - winning website attracts around one million visitors a month and Cancer Research UK hopes that some of these visitors will also want to post comments on the Cancer Chat forum.
For those who do not have access to computers and have questions about cancer, the charity's team of cancer information nurses are available during office hours to talk over patients' concerns on the phone.
Which statement about the CancerHelp UK website is NOT true?【单选题】

A.It offers lots of information on cancer treatment and clinical trials.

B.It attracts numerous visitors.

C.It has won an award.

D.It is accessible only to British citizens.

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要认真吃透原文句意，找出判断依据。认真阅读文章可以发现，选项里A，B，C三项在文中都提到了，第四段第一句，谈到任何人都可以上该论坛的网站浏览消息，Cancer Help UK是其子网站，但并没有提到只有英国公民才能登陆该网站，答案是D。

5、Youth Emancipation in Spain
The Spanish Government is so worried about the number of young adults still living with their parents that it has decided to help them leave the nest.
Around 55 percent of people aged 18 ～ 34 in Spain still sleep in their parents' home, says the latest report from the country's state - run Institute of Youth.
To coax (劝诱) young people from their homes, the Institute started a "Youth Emancipation(解放)" programme this month. The programme offers guidance in finding rooms and jobs.
Economists blame young people's family dependence on the precarious (不稳定的) labour market and increasing housing prices. Housing prices have risen 17 percent a year since 2000.
Cultural reasons also contribute to the problem, say sociologists (社会学家). Family ties in south Europe (Italy, Portugal and Greece) are stronger than those in middle and north Europe, said Spanish sociologist Almudena Moreno Minguez in her report "The Late Emancipation of Spanish Youth: Key for Understanding".
"In general, young people in Spain firmly believe in the family as the main body around which their private life is organized," said Minguez.
In Spain, especially in the countryside, it is not uncommon to find entire groups of aunts, uncles, cousins, nieces and nephews (外甥／侄子) all living on the same street. They regularly get together for Sunday dinner.
Parents tolerance is another factor. Spanish parents accept late - night partying and are wary of setting bedtime rules.
"A child can arrive home at whatever time he wants. If parents complain he'll put up a fight and call the father a fascist," said Jose Antonio Gomez Yanez, a sociologist at Carlos Ill University in Madrid.
Mothers willingness to do children's household chores (家务) worsens the problem. Dionisio Masso, a 60 - year - old in Madrid, has three children in their 20s, The eldest 28, has a girlfriend and a job. But life with mum is good.
"His mum does the wash and cooks for him, in the end, he lives well," Masso said.
It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that family ties are stronger in Portugal than in ______.【单选题】

A.Greece

B.Finland

C.Spain

D.Italy

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题难度不大，是送分题。第五段第二句谈到了欧洲南部国家的家庭联系比欧洲中部和北部的国家更紧密，结合地理知识，芬兰位于北部，所以答案是B，此外，即使不靠地理知识，也可使用排除法做对这道题目，作者列举了三个国家都是在欧洲南部，选项A，C，D都是作者提到的，可以明显被排除掉，答案只能是B。