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2024年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编每天为您准备了5道每日一练题目(附答案解析),一步一步陪你备考,每一次练习的成功,都会淋漓尽致的反映在分数上。一起加油前行。
1、Nurse! I Want My MummyWhen a child is ill in hospital, a parent\'s first reaction is to be with them.Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep overnight with their child, providing a bed orsofa on the ward.But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon (不赞同) — it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children would be ____ when their parents left, and so there was a blanket (通用的) ban.A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study "Nurse, I want my mummy!" published in 1974, changed the face "paediatric (儿科的) nursing.Martin Johnson, a professorof nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care."Pamela\'s study was done against the background of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in hospital.""The idea was that if mum came to visita small child in hospital the child would be upsetand inconsolable (无法安慰的) forhours. ""Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. ""Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was ever coming back.""To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit.""But children were alone and depressed, so Hawthorn said parents should be allowed to visit."Dr. Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal (开创性的)."Her research put an end to the days when parents handed their children over to strangers at the doorof the hospital ward.""As a result of her work, parents are now recognized as partners in care and are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children while they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents\' and children\'s experience of care." 【单选题】
A.hungry
B.upset
C.surprised
D.happy
正确答案:B
答案解析:本题难度不大,考查词义辨析,文章此处是说“工作人员担心孩子们在父母离开后会不安”,upset指“不安”,答案是B。
2、Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in TeensWhile some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to "self-medicate" against the blues, scientists at the University of Toronto and the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually increasedepressive symptoms in some teens."This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived emotional benefits of smoking among teens," says lead researcher Michael Chaiton, a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto." Although cigarettes may appear to have self-medicating effects orto improve mood, in the long term we found that teens who started to smoke reported higher depressive symptoms. "As part of the study, some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires ____ their use of cigarettes to affect mood. Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French and English participants, urban and rural schools, and schools located in high, moderate and low socioeconomic neighborhoods. Participants were divided into three groups: never smokers; smokers who did not use cigarettes to self-medicate, improve mood orphysical state; smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate. Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how felt too fired to do things: had trouble going to sleep orstaying asleep; felt unhappy, sad, ordepressed; felt hopeless about the future; felt vexed, antsy ortense; and worried too much about things."Smokers who used cigarettes as mood improvers had higher risks of elevated depressive symptoms than teens who had never smoked," says co-researcher Jennifer O\'Loughlin, a professorat the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine. "Our study found that teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are at higher risk of developing depressive symptoms."The association between depression and smoking exists principally among teens that use cigarettes to feel better. "It\'s important to emphasize that depressive symptom scores were higher among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke," says Dr. Chaiton.【单选题】
A.beside
B.beyond
C.in
D.about
正确答案:D
答案解析:本题要填入的词是介词。分析下来their use of cigarettes to affect mood应该是questionnaire(问卷)所要了解的内容,所以about是正确的选择。
3、The polar lights, one of the most unusual phenomena in nature, is beautiful to behold. 【单选题】
A.view
B.relate
C.sketch
D.withhold
正确答案:A
答案解析:behold:看,和view(观察、观看)词义相近;relate:叙述、讲;sketch:素描、勾画;withhold:保留、抑制。
4、In the process, the light energy converts to heat energy.【单选题】
A.reduces
B.changes
C.leaves
D.drops
正确答案:B
答案解析:在这个过程中,光能转化成热能。converts指“转变”,通常与to或者into搭配,和changes“变化”是近义词,其他三项都是常用词,和答案意义差异较大,干扰性不强。
5、Early childhood educationIn a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, forpossible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find in most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents listed "to give children a good start academically" as one of their top three reasons fora society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children forsuccessful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with agroupexperience as one of their top three reasons fora society to have preschools. Sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented (强调个性发展的) Americans listedgroupexperience as one of their top three choices. An emphasis on the importance of thegroupseen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education.Like in America, there is diversity in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training orpotential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children\'s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out forthe heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in orcerto ____.【单选题】
A.broaden children\'s horizon
B.cultivate children\'s creativity
C.lighten children\'s study load
D.enrich children\'s knowledge
正确答案:C
答案解析:此题可以从全文的最后一句话得出答案。其他三个选项“扩大孩子的视野”、“培养孩子的创造力”和“丰富孩子的知识”文中无明确的说明。
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