2023年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、Strike in MTV NetworksScores of workers from MTV Networks walked off the job yesterday afternoon, filling the sidewalk outside the headquarters of its corporate parent, Viacom, to protest recent changes in benefits. The walkout highlighted the concerns of a category of workers who are sometimes called permalancers： permanent freelancers who work like full-time employees but do not receive the same benefits.Waving signs that read "Shame on Viacom", the workers, most of them in their 20s, demanded that MTV Networks reverse a plan to reduce health ａｎｄ　dental benefits fｏｒfreelancers beginning Jan. 1. In a statement, MTV Networks noted that its benefits program fｏｒfull-time employees had also undergone changes, ａｎｄ　it emphasized that the plan fｏｒfreelancers was still highly competitive within the industry. Many freelancers receive no corporate benefits. But some of the protesters asserted that corporations were competing to see which could provide the most mediocre health care coverage. Matthew Yonda, who works at Nickelodeon, held a sign that labeled the network "Sick-elodeon". "I\'ve worked here every day fｏｒthree years-I\'m not a freelancer," Mr. Yonda said. "They just call us freelancers in ｏｒｃｅｒto bar us from getting the same benefits as employees."The changes to the benefits package were announced last Tuesday. Freelancers were told that they would become eligible fｏｒbenefits after 160 days of work, beginning in January. While that eased previous eligibility rules, which required freelancers to work fｏｒ52 weeks before becoming eligible, it would have required all freelancers not yet eligible fｏｒbenefits to start the waiting period over again on Jan. 1. The 401 (k) plan was also removed On Thursday, acknowledging the complaints, MTV Networks reinstated the 401 (k) plan ａｎｄ　said freelancers who had worked consistently since March would be eligible.Fueled by a series of blog posts on the media web site Gawker-the first post was headlined "The Viacom Permalance Slave System" -a loose cohort of freelancers created protest stickers ａｎｄ　distributed walkout fliers last week. Caroline O\'Hare, a unit manager who has worked fｏｒMTV fｏｒmore than two years, said the new health care plan-with higher deductibles ａｎｄ　a $ 2,000 cap on hospital expenses each year-had provoked outrage. "They think they can treat us like children that don\'t have families, mortgages ｏｒdreams of retirement," she said.Outside Viacom\'s headquarters, several workers held posters with the words, "There\'s too many of us to ignore." It was unclear how many freelancers are on the company\'s payroll; an MTV Networks spokeswoman said the figure was not known because it rises ａｎｄ　falls throughout the year. The company has 5,500 full-time employees, excluding freelancers, around the world.Two freelancers ａｎｄ　one full-time employee, who asked not to be identified fｏｒfear of retribution, estimated that the percentage of freelancers in some departments exceeded 75 percent. Another labｏｒaction is expected to take place outside Viacom later this week. Members of the Writers Guild of America, who have been on strike fｏｒfive weeks, are expected to picket there on Thursday.Towards MTV Networks\' change on the benefits plan, the author\'s attitude can be said to be ______.【单选题】

A.affirmative

B.negative

C.biased

D.neutral

正确答案:B

答案解析:态度题。题干考查的是对于MTV网络在福利方案方面所作的调整，作者持怎样的态度。根据上下文可以看出，文章措辞比较客观，但根据作者引用的例子可以看出，作者对新福利方案还是持否定态度的。故正确答案为B。

2、Seeing Red Means Danger AheadThe colｏｒred often means danger ａｎｄ　by paying attention, accidents can be prevented. In the future, the colｏｒred also may help prevent danger at construction sites. Thanks to new work by engineers, bridge supports ｏｒother kinds of materials could one day contain a colｏｒswitching material. It will turn red before a structure collapses ｏｒfalls apart. The secret behind the colｏｒswitching material is a particular type of molecule. A molecule is aｇｒｏｕｐof atoms held together by chemical bonds. Molecules come at all shapes ａｎｄ　sizes, ａｎｄ　make up everything. You can see, touch ｏｒfeel. How a molecule behaves depends on what kinds of atoms it contains, ａｎｄ　how they\'re held together. When a polymer (聚合物) containing a colｏｒswitching molecule called a mechanophore (机械响应性聚合物) which is about to break, it produce a color. When a polymer with mechanophore molecules becomes "injured" ｏｒ______, one of the mechanophore bonds breaks ａｎｄ　the material turns red. "It\'s a really simple detection method. "says Nancy Sottos, one of the scientists who worked on the project. Sottos ａｎｄ　her team tested the colｏｒswitching polymers in their lab. The test results proved encouraging. There is a way to get rid of the colｏｒlight when a bright light is shone on the mechanophore. The broken bond is fixed ａｎｄ　the red colｏｒdisappears. This "self-healing" may be a problem fｏｒengineers. They need to use the colｏｒchanger in big construction projects that will be outside in sunlight. ａｎｄ　sunlight will make the mechanophore\'s warming system useless. Sottos ａｎｄ　her fellow scientists still have a lot of work to do before the colｏｒswitching molecules can be used outside the lab. 【单选题】

A.strong

B.soft

C.weak

D.time

正确答案:C

答案解析:意思是当这个分子受伤和……时，所以应选择和injured相平行的词语，相比strong、 soft、time，weak（脆弱）比较符合。

3、An Intelligent CarDriving needs sharp eyes, keen ears, quick brain, ａｎｄ　coordination between hands ａｎｄ　the brain. Many human drivers have all. these ａｎｄ　can control a fast-moving car. But how does an intelligent car control itself ?There is a virtual driver in the smart car. This virtual driver has "eyes," "brains", "hands" ａｎｄ　"feet", too. The mini-cameras on each side of the car are his "eyes," which observe the road ａｎｄ　conditions ahead of it. They watch the traffic to the car\'s left ａｎｄ　right. There is also a highly automatic driving system in the car. It is the built-in computer, which is the virtual driver\'s "brain". His "brain" calculates the speeds of other moving cars near it ａｎｄ　analyzes their positions. Basing on this information, it chooses the right line fｏｒthe intelligent cars, ａｎｄ　gives instructions to the "hands" ａｎｄ　"feets" to act accordingly. In this way, the virtual driver controls his car. What is the virtual driver\'s best advantage? He reacts rapidly. The mini-cameras are sending images continuously to the "brain". It completes the processing of the images within 100 milliseconds. However, the world\'s best driver ______ needs one second to react. Besides, when he takes action, he needs one more second. The virtual driver is really wonderful. He can reduce the accident rate. considerably on expressway. In this case, can we let him have the wheel at any time ａｎｄ　in any place? Experts warn that we cannot do that just yet. His ability to recognize things is still limited. He can now only drive an intelligent car on expressways. 【单选题】

A.at least

B.at most

C.at last

D.at best

正确答案:A

答案解析:选项B和D是近义短语结构，因此相互排除掉。空白所在的句子说“然而，世界上最好的司机作出反应……需要1秒钟”，因此判断A（至少）是答案。第60题和第61题所在的句子把“虚拟司机”和“人类最好的司机”进行反应速度的对比（虚拟司机反应速度快），显然这是利用具体事实的分析以论证该段开头部分的观点句(He reacts quickly)，由此进一步肯定第58题的答案是quickly。

4、The Threat to KiribatiThe people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth-literally. Several times this year, the Pacific islａｎｄ　nation has been flooded by a sudden high tide. These tides, which swept across the islａｎｄ　ａｎｄ　destroyed houses, came when there was neither wind nｏｒrain. "This never happened before," say the older citizens of Kiribati.What is causing these mysterious high tides? The answer may well be global warming. When fuels like oil ａｎｄ　coal are being burned, pollutants (污染物) are released. These pollutants trap heat in the earth\'s atmosphere. Warmer temperatures cause water to expａｎｄ　ａｎｄ　also create more water by melting glaciers (冰川) ａｎｄ　polar (极地的) ice caps.If the trend continues, scientists say, many countries will suffer, Bangladesh, fｏｒexample, might lose one-fifth of its land. The coral (珊瑚) islａｎｄ　nations of the Pacific, like Kiribati ａｎｄ　the Marshall Islands, however, would face an even worse fate-they would be swallowed by the sea. The loss of these coral islands would be everyone\'s loss. Coral formations are home to more species than any other place on earth.The people of these nations feel frustrated. The sea, on which their economies have always been based, is suddenly threatening their existence. They don\'t have the money fｏｒexpensive technological solutions like seawalls. ａｎｄ　they have no control over the pollutants, which are being released mainly by activities in large industrialized countries. All they can do is to hope that industrialized countries will take steps to reduce pollution.The coral islａｎｄ　nations of the Pacific have a long history of civilization.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:题干大意：太平洋的珊瑚岛国有很长的文明历史。文章第三段提到：The coral (珊瑚) islａｎｄ　nations of the Pacific. 文中提到了太平洋的珊瑚岛国，但是并没有提到它们有很长的文明历史。故答案选C。

5、It took us a long time to mend the house. 【单选题】

A.build

B.destroy

C.design

D.repair

正确答案:D

答案解析:mend和repair都有“修理”的意思；build：建设；destroy：破坏；design:设计。

6、How to Interview PeopleInterviewing (采访) is one of those skills that you can only get better at. You will never again feel so ill at ease when you try it fｏｒthe first time, ａｎｄ　probably you\'ll never feel entirely comfortable trying to get from another person answers that he ｏｒshe may be too shy to reveal. But at least half of the skill is mechanical. The rest is instinct, which can all be learned with experience.The basic tools fｏｒan interview are paper ａｎｄ　two ｏｒthree well-sharpened pencils. But keep your notebook ｏｒpaper out of sight until you need it. There\'s nothing less likely to relax a person than the arrival of someone with a note-taking pad. Both of you need time to get to know each other. Take a while just to chat, judging what sort of person you\'re dealing with, getting him ｏｒher to trust you.Never go into an interview without doing whatever homework you can. If you are interviewing a town official, know his voting record. If it\'s an actor, know what plays he has been in. You will not be liked if you inquire about facts that you could have learned in advance.Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions ａｎｄ　have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. This fear is almost 103 percent unnecessary. Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him. Most men ａｎｄ　women lead lives that are uninteresting, ａｎｄ　they grasp any chance to talk to an outsider who seems eager to listen.This doesn\'t necessarily mean that it will go well. In general you will be talking to people who have never been interviewed before, ａｎｄ　they will get used to the process awkwardly, perhaps not giving you anything that you can use. ______ You will both even begin to enjoy it-proof that you aren\'t forcing your victim to do something he doesn\'t really want to.【单选题】

A.Come back another day; it will go better.

B.But at least half of the skill is mechanical.

C.As one philosopher interviewed in the film notes, they lack irony.

D.You will not be liked if you inquire about facts that you could have learned in advance.

E.This fear is almost 104 percent unnecessary.

F.Both of you need time to get to know each other.

正确答案:A

答案解析:前面not giving you anything，后句You will both even begin to enjoy it，所以可以判断出在被采访者由于以前不适应这种场合没能给你任何你想得到的信息时，不妨改天重新开始。所以选A。

7、Rockets in the SkyIf someone asked you. "What colｏｒis the sky?" I expect that you would answer, "Blue." I am afraid that you would be wrong. The sky has no color. When we see blue, we are looking at blue sunlight. The sunlight is shining on little bits of dust in the air. We know that there is air all around the world. We could not breathe without air. Airplanes could not fly without air. They need air to lift their wings. Airplanes cannot fly very high because as they go higher the air gets thinner. If we go far enough away from the earth, we find there is no air. What is the sky? The sky is space. In this space there is nothing except the sun, the moon ａｎｄ　all the stars. Scientists have always wanted to know more about the other worlds in the space. They have looked at them through telescopes ａｎｄ　in this way they have found out a great deal. The moon is about 384,000 kilometers away from the earth. An airplane cannot fly to the moon but there is a thing that can fly even when there is no air. This is rocket. I am sure that you are asking. "How does a rocket fly?" If you want to know, get a balloon ａｎｄ　then blow it up until it is quite big. Do not tie up the neck of the balloon. Let go! The balloon will fly off through the air very quickly. The air inside the balloon tries to get out. It rushes out through neck of the ball off ａｎｄ　this pushes the balloon through the air. It does not need wings like an air plane. This is how a rocket works. It is not made of rubber like a balloon, of course. It is made of metal. The metal must not be heavy but it must be very strong. There is gas inside the rocket which is made very hot. When it rushes out of the end of the rocket, the rocket is pushed up into the air. Rockets can fly far out into space. Rockets with men inside them have already reached the moon. Several rockets, without men inside them, have been sent to other worlds much farther away. One day rockets may be able to go anywhere in the space. A rocket is pushed up into the air when____. 【单选题】

A.hot gas rushes out of its head.

B.it is powered by gas.

C.hot gas rushes out of its bottom.

D.hot gas rushes out of its neck.

正确答案:C

答案解析:根据文章倒数第2段最后一句( When it rushes out of the end of the rocket)。

8、HalloweenHalloween is an autumn holiday that Americans celebrate every year. It means "holy evening", ａｎｄ　it comes every October 31, the evening before All-Saints Day. It used to be thought the most wonderful night of the year. It was the night when witches ａｎｄ　evil spirits came back on earth. People kept up many strange old customs in an effort to keep these evil things away. Farmers used to light big fires in their fields, ａｎｄ　the farm workers ａｎｄ　their families would walk around the fields singing old songs. Sometimes they would stop to hear the local priest offer prayers to the good spirits, ａｎｄ　ask them to help keep the evil ones away. Great care was taken that none of the farm animals were left in the fields. They would all be locked up safely in their stables, ａｎｄ　over each of the stable doors a few rowan leaves would be hung. Witches ａｎｄ　evil spirits would not go anywhere near the rowan tree. In more recent times, Halloween has become a time fｏｒthe parties, when children dress up as witches ａｎｄ　play all kinds of special games. After the games there is often a big supper with plenty of pumpkin pie, cakes ａｎｄ　a lot of other delicious things to eat. But fｏｒthe most part the children enjoy the fun of dressing up ａｎｄ　playing their favorite game of "Trick ｏｒTreat". They run down each street knocking on the doors crying loudly "Trick ｏｒTreat! Money ｏｒeat!", ａｎｄ　most people have some sweets ｏｒmoney ready to give them. Those that do not can expect maybe to have a tyre flattened, ｏｒtheir windows covered in soap. ｏｒthe children may just knock on the doｏｒａｎｄ　run away. Some children think of other people on Halloween. They carry boxes fｏｒUNICEF (The United Nations International Children\'s Emergency Fund). They ask fｏｒmoney to help poｏｒchildren all around the world. Of course, every time they help UNICEF, they usually receive a treat fｏｒthemselves, too. Every autumn, when the vegetables are ready to eat, children pick large orange pumpkins. Then they cut faces in the pumpkins ａｎｄ　put lights inside. It looks like there is a person looking out of the pumpkin! These lights are called jack-o\'-lanterns, which means "Jack of the lantern". But in this modern age many of the pumpkins are being replaced with plastic electric ones that can be brought out each year. Which of the following statements about Halloween is FALSE, according to the text?【单选题】

A.Halloween has become a time fｏｒparties.

B.Children dress up as witches ａｎｄ　play special games.

C.People will enjoy a big supper with many delicious things to eat

D.Children will give sweets ｏｒmoney to their parents.

正确答案:D

答案解析:第4段讲了孩子们是怎样欢喜地过这个夜晚的，敲门索要糖果吃，如果不给他们吃的，可能你的轮胎就会被放气，窗户可能会被涂上肥皂。因此选项D的内容是错误的。

9、Cell Phones1. Believe it ｏｒnot, cell phones have been around fｏｒover a quarter of a century. The first commercial cell phone system was developed by the Japanese in 1979, but cell phones have changed a lot since that time. The early cell phones were big ａｎｄ　heavy but they have developed into small ａｎｄ　light palm sized models. There are huge developments in their functions, too. We have had call forwarding, text messaging, answering services ａｎｄ　hands - free use fｏｒyears, but now there are new facilities, such as instant access to the Internet ａｎｄ　receiving ａｎｄ　sending photos.2. Cell phones have become very common in our lives. Recent statistics suggest one in three people on the planet now have cell phone, ａｎｄ　most of them say they couldn\'t live without one, Cell phones are used in every area of our lives ａｎｄ　have become a necessary tool, used fｏｒessential arrangements, social contact ａｎｄ　business. It easier to call fｏｒhelp on the highway. It possible to keep in touch with people "on the move" when people are traveling.3. Cell phones have made communication easier ａｎｄ　have reduced the need fｏｒfamily arguments f We can use cell phones to let our family know we\'ll be late ｏｒif there\'s a sudden change of plan ｏｒan emergency. Cell phones have eased the worries of millions of parents when their teenagers are out late. They can now contact their children at any time.4. This does not mean that cell phones are all good news. Cell phones have brought with them a number of new headaches fｏｒtheir owners. It costs a lot to replace stolen phones, It is becoming a frequent occurrence, ａｎｄ　have you ever seen such a huge phone bills? More serious, however, Cell phones bring the potential health problem. There are fears that radiation from the phones may cause brain tumｏｒ肿瘤). This may be a time bomb waiting to happen to younger people who have grown up with cell phones. They simply can\'t live without cell phones!Paragraph 2 ______【单选题】

A.Cell phones ａｎｄ　the family

B.Commercial cell phone systems

C.Cell phones in everyday life

D.Cell phones fｏｒteenagers

E.History of cell phones

F.Problems with cell phones

正确答案:E

答案解析:本题有一定的难度，需要有一定的归纳概括能力。可以发现，文章第一段主要手机的发展历史做了简单论述，E项History of cell phone简单概括了本段内容，是答案。

10、The GuitarThe Museum of Fine Arts in the eastern city of Boston recently began showing a collection of guitars. The exhibit is called Dangerous Curves: The Art of the Guitar. It shows how the instrument developed during the past four centuries. Probably no other musical instrument is as popular around the world as the guitar. Musicians use the guitar fｏｒalmost every kind of music. Country ａｎｄ　western music would not be the same without a guitar. The traditional Spanish folk music called Flamenco could not exist without a guitar. The sound of American blues music would not be the same without the sad cry of the guitar. ａｎｄ　rock ａｎｄ　roll music would almost be impossible without this instrument. Music experts do not agree about where the guitar first was played. Most agree it is ancient. Some experts say an instrument very much like a guitar was played in Egypt more than a thousａｎｄ　years ago. Some other experts say that the ancestｏｒof the modern guitar was brought to Spain from Persia sometime in the twelfth century. The guitar continued to develop in Spain. In the seventeen-hundred it became similar to the instrument we know today. Many famous musicians played the instrument. The famous Italian violinist Niccolo Paganinni played ａｎｄ　wrote music fｏｒthe guitar in the early eighteen hundred. Franz Schubert used the guitar to write some ofhis famous works. One guitar in the Boston Fine Arts display was played by Les Paul. It is a very old electric guitar. Mister Parl began experimenting with ways to make an electric guitar in the nineteen-thirties. The Gibson Guitar Company began producing its famous Les Parl Guitar in 1952. The instrument has the same shape ａｎｄ　the same six strings as the traditional guitar, but it sounds very different. The guitar has always been important to blues music. The electric guitar Mister Paul helped develop made modern blues music possible. There have been many great blues guitarists. Yet, music experts say all blues guitar players are measured against one man ａｎｄ　his famous guitar. That man is B-B King. Every blues fan knows that years ago B-B King named his guitar Lucille. Lucille is so important to American music that the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D-C has asked fｏｒit. They want to display the large, beautiful black guitar in one of the museums because it is a part ofAmerican culture. According to some experts, Spain is one of the oldest countries where guitar was first played. 【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确答案:A

答案解析:根据一些专家的意见，西班牙是吉他最早的演奏国家之一。由第4段可以找到答案。