2022年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a previous performance. 【单选题】

A.beats

B.matches

C.maintains

D.announces

正确答案:A

答案解析:break：打破纪录，和beat（打、胜过）意思相近；match：比得上、与……相配等；maintain:保持；announce:宣布、发布。

2、How to Be a Successful BusinesspersonHave you ever wondered why some people are successful in business ａｎｄ　others are not? Here\'s a story about one successful businessperson. He started out washing dishes ａｎｄ　today he owns 168 restaurants.Zubair Kazi was born in Bhatkal, a small town in southwest India. His dream was to be an airplane pilot, ａｎｄ　when he was 16 years old, he learned to fly a small plane.At the age of 23 ａｎｄ　with just a little money in his pocket, Mr. Kazi moved to the United States. He hoped to get a job in the airplane industry in California. Instead, he ended up working fｏｒa company that rented cars.While Mr. Kazi was working at the car rental(租赁的) company, he frequently ate at a nearby KFC restaurant. To save money on food, he decided to get a job with KFC. Fｏｒtwo months, he worked as a cook\'s assistant. His job was to clean the kitchen ａｎｄ　help the cook. "I didn\'t like it," Mr. Kazi says, "but I always did the best I could."One day, Mr. Kazi\'s two co - workers failed to come to work. That day, Mr. Kazi did the work of all three people in the kitchen. This really impressed the owners of the restaurant.A few months later, the owners needed a manager fｏｒa new restaurant. They gave the job to Mr. Kazi. He worked hard as the manager ａｎｄ　soon the restaurant was making a profit.A few years later, Mr. Kazi heard about a restaurant that was losing money. The restaurant was dirty inside ａｎｄ　the food was terrible. Mr. Kazi borrowed money from a bank ａｎｄ　bought the restaurant. Fｏｒthe first six months, Mr. Kazi worked in the restaurant from 8 a. m. to 10 p. m. , seven days a week. He ａｎｄ　his wife cleaned up the restaurant, remodeled the front of the building, ａｎｄ　improved the cooking. They also tried hard to please the customers. If someone had to wait more than ten minutes fｏｒtheir food, Mrs. Kazi gave them a free soda. Before long the restaurant was making a profit.A year later, Mr. Kazi sold his restaurant fｏｒa profit. With the money he earned, he bought three more restaurants that were losing money. Again, he cleaned them up, improved the food, ａｎｄ　retrained the employees. Before long these restaurants were making a profit, too.Today Mr. Kazi owns 168 restaurants, but he isn\'t planning to stop there. He\'s looking fｏｒmore poorly managed restaurants to buy. "I love it when I go to buy a restaurant ａｎｄ　find it\'s a mess," Mr. Kazi says. "The only way it can go is up. "In the last paragraph, "it\'s a mess" means ______. 【单选题】

A.it\'s small

B.it\'s dirty

C.it\'s profitable

D.it\'s cheap

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题是词义题，难度不大，也是送分题，阅读理解题中的词汇题大多可以通过直接翻查同义词词典直接确定答案。可以确定，mess指“脏乱”，所以答案是B。

3、The development of the transistｏｒａｎｄ　integrated circuits revolutionized the electronics industry by allowing components to be packaged more densely. 【单选题】

A.compactly

B.inexpensively

C.quickly

D.carefully

正确答案:A

答案解析:densely:密集地、浓厚地，与compactly（紧密地；紧凑地）意思相近；inexpensively：不贵地；quickly:迅速地、快；carefully:仔细地、小心地。

4、Cell Phones1. Believe it ｏｒnot, cell phones have been around fｏｒover a quarter of a century. The first commercial cell phone system was developed by the Japanese in 1979, but cell phones have changed a lot since that time. The early cell phones were big ａｎｄ　heavy but they have developed into small ａｎｄ　light palm sized models. There are huge developments in their functions, too. We have had call forwarding, text messaging, answering services ａｎｄ　hands - free use fｏｒyears, but now there are new facilities, such as instant access to the Internet ａｎｄ　receiving ａｎｄ　sending photos.2. Cell phones have become very common in our lives. Recent statistics suggest one in three people on the planet now have cell phone, ａｎｄ　most of them say they couldn\'t live without one, Cell phones are used in every area of our lives ａｎｄ　have become a necessary tool, used fｏｒessential arrangements, social contact ａｎｄ　business. It easier to call fｏｒhelp on the highway. It possible to keep in touch with people "on the move" when people are traveling.3. Cell phones have made communication easier ａｎｄ　have reduced the need fｏｒfamily arguments f We can use cell phones to let our family know we\'ll be late ｏｒif there\'s a sudden change of plan ｏｒan emergency. Cell phones have eased the worries of millions of parents when their teenagers are out late. They can now contact their children at any time.4. This does not mean that cell phones are all good news. Cell phones have brought with them a number of new headaches fｏｒtheir owners. It costs a lot to replace stolen phones, It is becoming a frequent occurrence, ａｎｄ　have you ever seen such a huge phone bills? More serious, however, Cell phones bring the potential health problem. There are fears that radiation from the phones may cause brain tumｏｒ肿瘤). This may be a time bomb waiting to happen to younger people who have grown up with cell phones. They simply can\'t live without cell phones!We can use cell phones to communicate with others when we encounter ______.【单选题】

A.a necessity

B.an emergency

C.a number of new headaches

D.family arguments

E.big ａｎｄ　light palm - sized models

F.countless new facilities

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，答案依据是第三段第二句：We can use cell phones to let our family know we\'ll be late ｏｒif there\'s a sudden change of plan ｏｒan emergency.很明显答案是B。

5、Easy ListeningStudents should be jealous. Not only do babies get to doze their days away, but they\'ve also mastered the fine art of learning in their sleep. By the time babies are one year old, they can recognize a lot of sounds ａｎｄ　even simple words. Marie Cheour at the University of Turku in Finlａｎｄ　suspected that they might progress this fast because they learn language while they sleep as well as when they are awake. To test the theory, Cheour ａｎｄ　their colleagues studied 45 newborn babies in the first days of their lives. They exposed all the infants to an hour of Finnish vowel sounds one that sounds like "oo"; another like "ee" ａｎｄ　the third boundary vowel peculiar to Finnish ａｎｄ　similar languages that sounds like something in between. EEG (脑电图) recording of the infants brains before ａｎｄ　after the session showed that the newborns could not distinguish the sounds. Fifteen of the babies then went back with their mothers, where the rest were split into two sleep-study groups. Oneｇｒｏｕｐwas exposed throughout their night-time sleeping hours to the same three vowels, while the others listened to the other, easier-to-distinguish vowel sounds. When tested in the morning, ａｎｄ　again in the evening, the babies who\'d heard the tricky boundary vowels all night showed brainwave activity indicating that they could now recognize this sound. They could identify the sound even when its pitch was changed, while none of the other babies could pick up the boundary vowel at all. Cheour doesn\'t know how babies accomplish this nighttime learning, but she suspects that the special ability might indicate that unlike adults, babies don\'t "turn off" their cerebral cortex (大脑皮层) while they sleep: The skill probably fades in the course of the first years of life, she adds so forget the idea that you can pick up the tricky French vowels as an adult just by slipping a language tape under your pillow. But while it may not help grown-ups, Cheour is hoping to use the sleeping hours to give remedial help to babies who are genetically at risk of language disorders. The study shows that the infant\'s cerebral cortex is working while he is asleep. 【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确答案:A

答案解析:选A的依据是最后一段中的“... unlike adults, babies don\'t“turn off’their cerebral cortex while they sleep”。

6、WaterThe second most important constituent (构成成份) of the biosphere (生物圈) is liquid water. This can only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures, since water freezes at 0℃ ａｎｄ　boils at 100℃. Life as we know it would only be possible on the surface of a planet which had temperatures somewhere within this narrow range.The earth\'s supply of water probably remains fairly constant in quantity. The total quantity of water is not known very accurately, but it is about enough to cover the surface of the globe to a depth of about two ａｎｄ　three - quarter kilometers. Most of it is in the form of the salt water of the oceans about 97 percent. The rest is fresh, but three -quarters of this is in the form of ice at the Poles ａｎｄ　on mountains, ａｎｄ　cannot be used by living systems until melted. Of the remaining fraction, which is somewhat less than one percent of the whole, there is 10 -20 times as much stored underground water as there is actually on the surface. There is also a tiny, but extremely important fraction of the water supply which is present as water vapour in the atmosphere.Water vapour in the atmosphere is the channel through which the whole water circulation (循环) of the biosphere has to pass. Water evaporated (蒸发) from the surface of the oceans, from lakes ａｎｄ　rivers ａｎｄ　from moist (潮湿的) earth is added to it. From it the water comes out again as rain ｏｒsnow, falling on either the sea ｏｒthe land. There is, as might be expected, a more intensive evaporation per unit area over the sea ａｎｄ　oceans than over the land, but there is more rainfall over the lａｎｄ　than over the oceans ａｎｄ　the balance is restored by the runoff from the lａｎｄ　in the form of rivers.Liquid water only exists ______.【单选题】

A.in the center of the earth

B.on the surface of our planet

C.in a very narrow range of temperatures

D.in the coastal areas of the earth

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，答案依据是文章第一段第二句，谈到液态水只存在于很小的温度范围内（零度到一百度），回来看选项，C项是其近义解释，所以正确，答案是C。

7、Cell Phones1. Believe it ｏｒnot, cell phones have been around fｏｒover a quarter of a century. The first commercial cell phone system was developed by the Japanese in 1979, but cell phones have changed a lot since that time. The early cell phones were big ａｎｄ　heavy but they have developed into small ａｎｄ　light palm sized models. There are huge developments in their functions, too. We have had call forwarding, text messaging, answering services ａｎｄ　hands - free use fｏｒyears, but now there are new facilities, such as instant access to the Internet ａｎｄ　receiving ａｎｄ　sending photos.2. Cell phones have become very common in our lives. Recent statistics suggest one in three people on the planet now have cell phone, ａｎｄ　most of them say they couldn\'t live without one, Cell phones are used in every area of our lives ａｎｄ　have become a necessary tool, used fｏｒessential arrangements, social contact ａｎｄ　business. It easier to call fｏｒhelp on the highway. It possible to keep in touch with people "on the move" when people are traveling.3. Cell phones have made communication easier ａｎｄ　have reduced the need fｏｒfamily arguments f We can use cell phones to let our family know we\'ll be late ｏｒif there\'s a sudden change of plan ｏｒan emergency. Cell phones have eased the worries of millions of parents when their teenagers are out late. They can now contact their children at any time.4. This does not mean that cell phones are all good news. Cell phones have brought with them a number of new headaches fｏｒtheir owners. It costs a lot to replace stolen phones, It is becoming a frequent occurrence, ａｎｄ　have you ever seen such a huge phone bills? More serious, however, Cell phones bring the potential health problem. There are fears that radiation from the phones may cause brain tumｏｒ肿瘤). This may be a time bomb waiting to happen to younger people who have grown up with cell phones. They simply can\'t live without cell phones!Cell phones are common in our lives ａｎｄ　have become ______.【单选题】

A.a necessity

B.an emergency

C.a number of new headaches

D.family arguments

E.big ａｎｄ　light palm - sized models

F.countless new facilities

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，虽然答案依据不太明显，但第二段的主旨句可以看做是答案依据，通读第二段，可以判断出手机已成一个必需的工具，所以答案是A。

8、An Intelligent CarDriving needs sharp eyes, keen ears, quick brain, ａｎｄ　coordination between hands ａｎｄ　the brain. Many human drivers have all. these ａｎｄ　can control a fast-moving car. But how does an intelligent car control itself ?There is a virtual driver in the smart car. This virtual driver has "eyes," "brains", "hands" ａｎｄ　"feet", too. The mini-cameras on each side of the car are his "eyes," which observe the road ａｎｄ　conditions ahead of it. They watch the traffic to the car\'s left ａｎｄ　right. There is also a highly automatic driving system in the car. It is the built-in computer, which is the virtual driver\'s "brain". His "brain" calculates the speeds of other moving cars near it ａｎｄ　analyzes their positions. Basing on this information, it chooses the right line fｏｒthe intelligent cars, ａｎｄ　gives instructions to the "hands" ａｎｄ　"feets" to act accordingly. In this way, the virtual driver controls his car. What is the virtual driver\'s best advantage? He reacts rapidly. The mini-cameras are sending images continuously to the "brain". It completes the processing of the images within 100 milliseconds. However, the world\'s best driver ______ needs one second to react. Besides, when he takes action, he needs one more second. The virtual driver is really wonderful. He can reduce the accident rate. considerably on expressway. In this case, can we let him have the wheel at any time ａｎｄ　in any place? Experts warn that we cannot do that just yet. His ability to recognize things is still limited. He can now only drive an intelligent car on expressways. 【单选题】

A.at least

B.at most

C.at last

D.at best

正确答案:A

答案解析:选项B和D是近义短语结构，因此相互排除掉。空白所在的句子说“然而，世界上最好的司机作出反应……需要1秒钟”，因此判断A（至少）是答案。第60题和第61题所在的句子把“虚拟司机”和“人类最好的司机”进行反应速度的对比（虚拟司机反应速度快），显然这是利用具体事实的分析以论证该段开头部分的观点句(He reacts quickly)，由此进一步肯定第58题的答案是quickly。

9、Shopping at Second - hａｎｄ　Clothing StoresWhen 33 year old Pete Barth was in college, shopping at second hａｎｄ　clothing stores was just something he did- "like changing the tires on his car." He looked at his budget ａｎｄ　decided he could save a lot of money by shopping fｏｒclothes at thrift shops."Even new clothes are fairly disposable (用后即丢掉的) ａｎｄ　wear out after a couple of years," Barth said. "In thrift shops, you can find some great stuff whose quality is better than new clothes."Since then, Barth, who works at a Goodwill thrift shop in the US state of Florida, has found that there are all kinds of reasons fｏｒshopping fｏｒsecond - hａｎｄ　clothing. Some people, like him, shop to save money. Some shop fｏｒa crazy - looking shirt. ａｎｄ　some shop as a mean conserving energy ａｎｄ　helping the environment.Pat Akins, an accountant at a Florida Salvation Army (SA) (救世军) thrift shop, said that, fｏｒher, shopping at thrift shops is a way to help the environment."When my daughter was little, we looked at it as recycling," Akins said. "Also, why pay 30 dollars fｏｒa new coat when you can get another one fｏｒa lot less?"Akins said that the SA has shops all over the US- "some as big as department stores. All of the clothes are donated (捐赠), ａｎｄ　when they have a surplus (盈余), they\'ll have" stuff a bag" specials, where customers can fill a grocery sack with clothes fｏｒonly 5 ｏｒ10 dollars.Julia Slocum, 22, points out, however, that the huge amount of second - hａｎｄ　clothing in the US is the result of American wastefulness."I\'d say that second - hａｎｄ　stores are the result of our wasteful, materialistic culture," said Slocum, who works fｏｒa pro - conservation organization, the center of a New American Dream. "Thrift shops prevent that waste from going to landfills (垃圾填埋场). They give clothing a second life, provide cheaper clothing fｏｒthose who can\'t afford to buy new ones ａｎｄ　generate (创造) income fｏｒcharities. They also provide a way fｏｒthe wealthy ａｎｄ　middle classes to shed (摆脱) the guilt fｏｒtheir level of consumption.When Barth was a college student, he often shopped at thrift shops ______.【单选题】

A.to save money

B.to save energy

C.to help the environment

D.to make friends with poｏｒpeople

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要认真阅读文章，答案依据在文章第三段。带着题干信息到文章定位，认真阅读文章第三段，第二句谈到，一些像他一样的人，为了省钱去旧货店买衣服，所以答案是A。

10、One Good Reason to Let Smallpox LiveIt\'s now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction (灭绝) of the smallpox (天花) virus. When smallpox was completely got rid of in the world, scientists wanted to destroy the killer virus in the last two labs, one in the US ａｎｄ　one in Russia. They asked: If smallpox has truly gone from the planet, _____ point was there in keeping these reserves?In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let go of such a powerful potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials (小药瓶). ａｎｄ　the last "official" stocks of live Virus bred mistrust of the US ａｎｄ　Russia, fｏｒno obvious gain.Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way fｏｒtests on new treatments ａｎｄ　vaccines(疫苗). So once again there\'s a good reason to the virus, just in keep the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we case with the mistrust of the US ａｎｄ　Russia? deal. Keep the virus Simple international support in a well - guarded UN laboratory that\'s open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it with a multilateral (多边的) approach to just about everything. But it doesn\'t mean the idea is rejects. If the virus is useful, then let\'s wrong it the servant of all humanity make not just a part of it.【单选题】

A.which

B.that

C.this

D.what

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题有一定难度，考查what point的用法，干扰项有一定的干扰。what point，固定搭配，指“什么意义”，可引导问句，文章此处是说“科学家说如果天花真的在这个星球上消失了，保留这些储备病毒的还有什么意义？”答案是D。