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2024年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道,附答案解析,供您考前自测提升!
1、Nurse! I Want My MummyWhen a child is ill in hospital, a parent\'s first reaction is to be with them.Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep ____ with their child, providing a bed orsofa on the ward.But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon (不赞同) — it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children would be upsetwhen their parents left, and so there was a blanket (通用的) ban.A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study "Nurse, I want my mummy!" published in 1974, changed the face "paediatric (儿科的) nursing.Martin Johnson, a professorof nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care."Pamela\'s study was done against the background of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in hospital.""The idea was that if mum came to visita small child in hospital the child would be upsetand inconsolable (无法安慰的) forhours. ""Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. ""Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was ever coming back.""To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit.""But children were alone and depressed, so Hawthorn said parents should be allowed to visit."Dr. Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal (开创性的)."Her research put an end to the days when parents handed their children over to strangers at the doorof the hospital ward.""As a result of her work, parents are now recognized as partners in care and are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children while they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents\' and children\'s experience of care." 【单选题】
A.soundly
B.overtime
C.fortnight
D.overnight
正确答案:D
答案解析:本题有一定难度,考查词义辨析,考察副词overnight的用法,文章此处是说“大多数医院都允许父母陪孩子过夜”,overnight指“一夜地,过夜地”,答案是D。
2、The Ideal HusbandScience now might be able to explain women\'s fascination with Brad Pitt\'s face and George Clooney\'s eyes. Women seem to ____ potential mate by how masculine their features are, new research shows. Men with square jaws and well-defined brow ridges are seen as good short-term partners, while those with more feminine traits such as a rounder face and fuller lips are perceived as better long-term mates.In the study by Daniel Kruger at the US\'s University of Michigan, 854 subjects viewed a series of male head shots that had been digitally changed to exaggerate orminimize masculine traits. They then . answered questions about how they expected the men in the photos to behave.Most participants said that those with more masculine features were likely to be risky, competitive, and more apt to fight, challenge bosses, cheat on spouses and put less effort into parenting. Those with more feminine faces were seen as good parents and husbands, hard workers and emotionally supportive mates.But, despite all the negative characteristics, when asked who they would choose fora short-term relationship, women selected the more masculine looking men. Brad and George, both chiseled jaws and well-defined brows, then would be good fora brief romance, not forsomething longer.The study was published in the December issue of the US journal Personal Relationships.Kruger said that from an evolutionary perspective, this makes sense. The key is testosterone, the hormone responsible forthe development of masculine facial features and other sexual characteristics. It has been found to affect the body\'s ability to fight disease: men with high levels of the hormone are typically strong and healthy- traits women want to pass on to their children.However, increased testosterone has also been linked to cheating and violence in relationships. So, these men might produce high quality offspring, but they don\'t always make great parents orfaithful mates, Kruger says.The scientific community have shown skepticism toward physiognomy, which links facial characteristics to certain behavioral traits. But Kruger argues that the research is a valuable tool forunderstanding mating strategies. And, of course, forexplaining why Tony Leung and Takeshi Kanesshiro have millions of female fans. It might have to do with their genes. orsomething to do with ours.【单选题】
A.make
B.judge
C.date
D.meet
正确答案:B
答案解析:这四个词的意思是:make:做;judge:判断;date:约会;meet:见面。本文的主题是讲女人找伴侣。从所在句子的表示方式的介词短语by how masculine their features are(根据他们男性特征的情况),选择judge在语义上比较一致。
3、Parkinson\'s Disease1. Parkinson\'s disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine(多巴胺). Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson\'s, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to.2. No one knows forsure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look forthe answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson\'s disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited.3. Tremor(颤抖) may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. Tremoroften starts in just one arm orleg oronly on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm orleg. It may get better when you move the limb oryou are asleep. In time, Parkinson\'s affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing orconstipation(便秘) . In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinson\'s may have a fixed orblank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills.4. At this time, there is no cure forParkinson\'s disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You may not even need treatment if your symptoms are not obvious. Your doctormay wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctorwill adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results.Paragraph 2 ______【单选题】
A.Tips forPatients with the Disease
B.Common Treatment forthe Disease
C.Means of Diagnosis of the Disease
D.Typical Symptoms of the Disease
E.Possible Causes of the Disease
F.Definition of Parkinson\'s Disease
正确答案:E
答案解析:本题有一定难度,需要认真寻找段落主旨句,段落主旨句是本段的第三句,谈到科学家在研究包括老龄化和环境毒素在内的多种原因,回来看选项,E项Possible Causes of the Disease,导致帕金森病的可能原因,简单概括了本段主要意思,是答案。
4、Nurse ! I Want My MummyWhen a child is ill in hospital, a parent\'s first reaction is to be with them.Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep overnight with their child, providing a bed orso far on the ward.But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon, it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children were upsetwhen their parents left, and so there was a blanket ban.A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study "Nurse! I want my mummy" published in 1974 , changed the face of paediatric nursing.Martin Johnson, a professorof nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of ____ like Pamela had changed the face of patient care."Pamela\'s study was done against the background of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in hospital. ""The idea was that if mum came to visit a small child in hospital the child would be upsetand inconsolable forhours. ""Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. ""Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was eve coming back. ""To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit. ""But children were alone and depressed so Hawthorn said parents should be allowed to visit. ""Dr Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal. ""Her research put an end to the days when parents handed their children over to strangers at the doorof the hospital ward. ""As a result of her work, parents and careers are now recognized as partners and are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children whilst they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents\' and children\'s experience of care. "【单选题】
A.parents
B.nurses
C.doctors
D.teachers
正确答案:B
答案解析:前面提到Pamela是一位护士(nurse)。
5、Gun Rights in the US Immediately after the shooting at Virginia Tech University, Americans gathered to mourn the dead. The president and the state governorboth hurried there to share the grief. But the majority of Americans still cling to their right to own weapons. Strictly speaking, the US is not the only country where gun violence has destroyed lives, families and communities in everyday circumstance. But the US is one of the few countries that seems unwilling and politically incapable of doing anything serious to stop it. In countries like Britain and Canada. The government adopted stricter gun control soon after serious gun violence incidents. US leaders, however, are held hostage by the gun lobby and the electoral system. The powerful National Rifle Association, the majorsupporter of gun rights in the US, is too strong forany party to take on. Most Republicans oppose gun controls anyway. Over the years, the Democrats have found that they can either campaign forgun control orwin power, not both; they prefer power. According to the US Bureau of Justice Statistics, firearm incidents accounted fornine percent of the 4.7 million violent crimes in 2005. So, although opinion polls show most Americans want stricter gun laws, many don\'t want to give up their arms they keep to protect themselves. Dave Hancock, a Virginia gun lover, is one example. In an interview he said. "If one professorin Virginia incident had been carrying a legal weapon they might have been able to ____ all this. " In his opinion, the massacre is an argument formore people to carry, weapons, not fewer. But at the root of Americans\' clinging to the right to bear arms is not just a fear of crime, but a mistrust of government , commented UK\'s Guardian newspaper. One Virginia resident, who had a permit to carry; a concealed firearm, told the Guardian thin itwas every American\'s responsibility to have a gun. "Each person," he said, "should not rely solely on the government forprotection. " 【单选题】
A.control
B.stop
C.handle
D.treat
正确答案:B
答案解析:本句的if条件句,用了虚拟语气,表示一种没有成为现实的假设。即,如果在弗吉尼亚事件中,有一位教授当时带着一支合法的枪支的话,他们就有可能制止这一切的发生。根据语义应该填入stop。
6、It?was?a?fascinating?painting,?with?clever?use?of?color?and?light.【单选题】
A.new
B.familiar
C.large
D.wonderful
正确答案:D
答案解析:题干大意:这幅画很吸引人,巧妙地运用了色彩和光线。句中fascinating意为“迷人的,吸引人的”。四个选项中,new意为“新的”;familiar意为“熟悉的”;large意为“大的”;wonderful意为“极好的,奇妙的”,与fascinating意思最为接近。
7、Mobile PhonesMobile phones should carry a label if they proved to be a dangerous source of radiation, according to Robert Bell, a scientist. and no more mobile phone transmitter towers should be build until the long-term health effects of the electromagnetic radiation they emit is scientifically evaluated, he said. "Nobody\'s going to drepdead overnight but we should be asking formore scientific information," Robert Bell said at a conference on the health effects of low-level radiation. “If mobile phones are found to be dangerous, they should carry a warning label until proper shields can be devised,” he said.A report widely circulated among the public says that up to now scientists do not really know enough to guarantee there are no ill effects on humans from electromagnetic radiation. According to Robert Bell, there are 3.3 million mobile phones in Australia alone and they are increasing by 2,000 a day. By the year 2000 it is estimated that Australia will have 8 million mobile phones: nearly one forevery two people.As well, there are 2,000 transmitter towers around Australia, many in high density residential areas. ____ The electromagnetic radiation emitted from these towers may have already produced some harmful effects on the health of the residents nearby.Robert Bell suggests that until more research is completed the Government should ban construction of phone towers from within a 500 metre radius of school grounds, child care centres, hospitals, sports playing fields and residential areas with a high percentage of children. He says there is emerging evidence that children absorb low-level radiation at a rate more than three times that of adults. He adds that there is also evidence that if cancer sufferers are subjected to electromagnetic waves the growth rate of the disease accelerates.Then who finances the research? According to Robert Bell, it is reasonable forthe majortelephone companies to fund it. Besides, he also urges the Government to setup a wide ranging inquiry in to possible health effects.【单选题】
A.He says there is emerging evidence that children absorb low-level radiation at a rate more than three times that of adults.
B.By the year 2000 it is estimated that Australia will have 10 million mobile phones: nearly one forevery two people.
C.“If mobile phones are found to be dangerous, they should carry a warning label until proper shields can be devised,”he said.
D.Then who finances the research?
E.Forexample, Telstra, Optus and Videophone build their towers where it is geographically suitable to them and disregard the need of the community.
F.The conclusion is that mobile phones bring more harm than benefit.
正确答案:E
答案解析:第一句说的是,许多微波发射塔建在人口稠密的居民区。选项E的内容涉及微波发射塔的地点选择只考虑地理位置,而不顾及公众的需求。可见,选项E扩展了第一句表达的信息。此外,选项E中出现tower这个词,与第一句的tower相呼应,也佐证了选择的合理性。
8、A Tale of Scottish Rural LifeLewis Grassic Gibbon\'s SunsetSong (1932) was voted "the best Scottish novel of all time" by Scottish\'s reading public in 2005. Once considered shocking forits frank description of aspects of the lives of Scotland\'s poorrural farmers, it has been adapted forstage, film, TV and radio in recent decades.The novel is seton the fictional estate of Kinraddie, in the farming country of the Scottish northwest in the years up to and beyond World War I. At its heart is the story of Chris, who is both part of the community and a little outside it.Grassic Gibbon gives us the most detailed and intimate account of the life of his heroine. We watch her grow through a childhood dominated by her cruel but hard-working father; experience tragedy (her mother\'s suicide and murder of her twin children); and learn about her feelings as she grows into woman. We see her marry, lose her husband, then marry again. Chris has seemed so convincing a figure to some female readers that they cannot believe that she is the creation of a man.But it would be misleading to suggest that this book is just about Chris. It is truly a novel of a place and its people. Its opening section tells of Kinraddie\'s long history, in a language that imitates the place\'s changing patterns of speech and writing.The story itself is amazingly full of characters and incidents. It is told from Chris\' point of view but also from that of the gossiping community, a community where everybody knows everybody else\'s business and nothing is ever forgotten.SunsetSong has a social theme too. It is concerned with what Grassic Gibbon perceives as the destruction of traditional Scottish rural life first by modernization and then by World War I. Gibbon tried hard to show how certain characters resist the war. Despite this, the war takes the young men away, a number of them to their deaths. In particular, it takes away Chris\' husband, Ewan Tavendale. The war finally kills Ewan, but not in the way his widow is told In fact, the Germans aren\'t responsible forhis death, but his own side. He is shot because he is said to have run away from a battle.If the novel is about the end of one way of life it also looks ahead, it is a "SunsetSong" but is concerned too with the new Kinraddie, indeed of the new European world Grassic Gibbon went on to publish two other novels about the place that continue its story.What is SunsetSong mainly about?【单选题】
A.The First World War.
B.The beauty of the sunset.
C.The new European world.
D.The lives of rural Scottish farmers.
正确答案:D
答案解析:A:第一次世界大战;B:日落之美;C:新欧洲世界;D:苏格兰农夫的生活。选项D是正确的,相关的信息可在第一段中找到。
9、Obviously these people can be relied on in a crisis.【单选题】
A.lived on
B.depended on
C.believed in
D.joined in
正确答案:B
答案解析:显然这些人在危机关头值得依靠。本题有一定难度,考察的是基本意义,C项的干扰最大,有些考生因受汉语思维影响而选了C,rely on和depend on都有“依靠”意思,是近义词,常用过去式,C项believe in指“相信”,和答案意义有差异,最佳答案是B。
10、Surprised by a MiracleI had been working in the trauma unit at a local hospital forabout a year. You get used to families thinking that a "coma" patient is moving their hand ordoing something that they were asked to do. "Following commands" is what we call it. Often it\'s "wishful thinking" on the Families\' part. Nurses can easily become callous to it.On this particular night during visiting hours, my patient\'s wife came in. I had taken care of him forseveral nights. I was very familiar with his care and what he was able to do. Actually, he didn\'t do anything. He barely moved at all, even when something would obviously hurt him, such as suctioning.His wife was very short, about 5 feet tall. She had to stand on a stool to lean over him, so that she could see his face and talk to him. She climbed up on the stool. I spoke to her fora few minutes, and then stepped out to tend to my other patient. A few minutes later, she came running out of the room. In an excited voice, she said, "Donna, he\'s moving his hand!"I immediately thought that it was probably her imagination, and that he had not actually done it on purpose. He had been there about a month at the time and had never made any movements on purpose. I asked her what had happened and she said, "I asked him to squeeze my hand and he did!"This led me to another train of questioning. "But, did he let go when you asked him to?" She said yes, that he had done exactly what she asked.I went into the room with her, not really believing that I would see anything different than I had always seen. But I decided that it would be better to pacify her than to make her think I didn\'t believe her orthat she was somehow mistaken.She asked him to squeeze her hand, which he did. I said, "Well, ask him to let go. " He continued to squeeze fora moment, so that when he finally did let go, I really still didn\'t believe that he had done it on purpose. So, I said, "Ask him to hold up one finger. " He did as asked.Well, hmm, this was starting to get my attention. I looked at him, his face still somewhat swollen and his eyes still closed. "Stick out your tongue!" I said. He did it. I almost fell on the floor. It was the first time I had ever seen anyone "wake up. "What did the patient do on that particular night?【单选题】
A.He squeezed and let go his wife\'s hand.
B.He held up one of his fingers.
C.He stuck out his tongue.
D.All of the above.
正确答案:D
答案解析:前三项在短文的最后两段都被提到,因此答案只能选D。
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