2023年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理阅读理解分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、The Value of AdvertisementMoney spent on advertising is worth spending. It serves directly to bring about a rapid sale of goods at reasonable prices, so setting up a firm home market ａｎｄ　making it possible to provide fｏｒexport at good price. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps greatly to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demａｎｄ　it causes an increased need fｏｒlabor, ａｎｄ　is therefore a nice way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television program would need to be doubled, ａｎｄ　travel by bus ｏｒsubway would cost more. ａｎｄ　perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a promise of reasonable value in the products ａｎｄ　services you buy. Besides the fact that twenty-seven Acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare produce anything that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people fｏｒa little while through misleading advertising. He will not do so fｏｒlong, fｏｒthe public has the good sense not to buy the poｏｒgoods more than once. If you see a product frequently advertised, it is the proof I know that the product does what is promised fｏｒit, ａｎｄ　that it has good value. Advertising does more fｏｒthe good of the public than any other force I can think of. There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a well-known television person declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was telling us the real difference. Of course advertising tries to persuade. If its messages were nothing but information, that would be difficult to get more people to buy, fｏｒeven the choice of the colｏｒof a shirt is a bit persuasive-advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known television person wants.From the first paragraph we can see the writer believes that____.【单选题】

A.advertisements are worth reading

B.money spent on advertising is worthless

C.it is worthwhile spending money on a lot of things

D.to spend money on advertising is worthwhile

正确答案:D

答案解析:第1句是主题句，花在广告上的钱是值得花的。接下的句子对是这一句的进一步阐述。因此答案是D。

2、The Book of LifeSo far, scientists have named about 1.6 million living species, ａｎｄ　that\'s a just a fraction of that probably exists on Earth. With so many plants, animals ａｎｄ　other creatures coveting the planet, it can be tough to figure out what type of spider is moving up your leg ｏｒwhat kind of bird is flying by.A soon - to - be - started Web site might help. An international team of researchers has announced the creation of Web - based Encyclopedia of life( EOL). The project aims to catalog every species on Earth in a single, easy - to - use reference guide.To get the encyclopedia started, the creators will use information from scientific ｄａｔａｂａｓｅs that already exist. ａｎｄ　eventually, in special sections of the site, nonscientist with specialized knowledge will get to join in. Bird - watchers, fｏｒexample, will be able to input which bird they\'ve seen ａｎｄ　where. The technology fｏｒthis kind of tool has only become available.As the EOL develops, you might find it useful fｏｒschool projects. The site will feature special pages fｏｒkids who are studying ecosystems (生态系统) in their neighborhoods. To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate, scientists will review much of the information added to it. People who visit the site will be able to choose to leave out pages that haven\'t been reviewed.Another convenient feature of the EOL is that you\'ll be able to pick the level of detail you want to see to match your interest, age ａｎｄ　knowledge. If you wanted to learn about bears fｏｒa science class report, fｏｒexample, you could use the "novice" setting to get basic information about the animals. On the "expert" setting, on the other hand, you could get much more detailed information about the history, literature ａｎｄ　exploration of bears.It now takes years fｏｒscientist to collect all the data they need to describe ａｎｄ　analyze species. The creatｏｒof the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed up that process.At the starting stage, the EOL will get information from ______. 【单选题】

A.all the Web sites available

B.ｄａｔａｂａｓｅs built up by its creators

C.Nonscientist with specialized knowledge

D.the existing scientific ｄａｔａｂａｓｅs

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显。带着题干信息词回文章定位，答案依据主要在文章第三段第一句：To get the encyclopedia started，the creators will use information from scientific ｄａｔａｂａｓｅs that already exist.谈到了主要从现有的科学数据库获取信息，回来看选项，D项和原文句意相近，是答案。

3、Light Night, Dark StarsThousands of people around the globe step outside to gaze at their night sky. On a clear night, with no clouds, moonlight, ｏｒartificial lights to block the view, people can see more than 14,000 stars in the sky, says Dennis Ward, an astronomer(天文学家) with the University Corporation fｏｒAtmospheric Research( UCAR) in Boulder, Colo. But when people are surrounded by city lights, he says, they\'re lucky to see 150 stars.If you\'ve ever driven toward a big city at night ａｎｄ　seen its glow from a great distance, you\'ve witnessed light pollution. It occurs when light from streetlights, office buildings, signs, ａｎｄ　other sources streams into space ａｎｄ　illuminates (照亮) the night sky. This haze (朦胧) of light makes many stars invisible to people on Earth. Even at night, big cities like New York glow from light pollution, making stargazing difficult.Dust ａｎｄ　particles of pollution factories ａｎｄ　industries worsen the effects of light pollution. "If one city has a lot more light pollution than another," Ward says, "that city will suffer the effects of light pollution on a much greater scale."Hazy skies also make it far more difficult fｏｒastronomers to do their jobs.Cities are getting larger. Suburbs are growing in once dark, rural areas. Light from all this new development is increasingly obscuring (使变模糊) the faint (微弱的) light give off by distant stars. ａｎｄ　if scientists can\'t locate these objects, they can\'t learn more about them.Light pollution doesn\'t only affect star visibility. It can harm wild life too. It\'s clear that artificial light can attract animals, making them go off course. There\'s increasing evidence, fｏｒexample, that migrating (迁徙) birds use sunsets ａｎｄ　sunrises to help find their way, says Sydney Gauthreaux Jr. , a scientist at Clemson University in South Carolina, "When light occurs at night," he says, "it has a very disruptive (破坏性的) influence." Sometimes birds fly into lighted towers, high - rises, ａｎｄ　cables from radio ａｎｄ　television towers. Experts estimate that millions of birds die this way every year.On a clear night, people can see ______.【单选题】

A.150 stars

B.hundreds of stars

C.one thousａｎｄ　stars

D.more than 14,000 stars

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，在文章第一段第二句，这句话主要谈到，在晴朗的夜晚人们能看到14，000多颗星星，回来看选项，D项符合原文句意，是答案。

4、Weaving with LightIn the Sierra Madre mountain range of west central Mexico, the native Huichol people live much the way their ancestors did-without electricity. That\'s because it\'s too expensive to string power lines to the remote mountain areas where they live. To help support themselves, the Huichol create beautiful artwork. They sell their art in cities hundreds of miles away from their villages. ａｎｄ　without electricity, at home ｏｒon the road, they can only work during daylight hours. When it gets dark, they must stop whatever they\'re doing.Now, a team of scientists, designers ａｎｄ　architects is using new technologies to provide the Huichol with light after the sun sets. The scientists technique involves weaving tiny electronic crystals into fabrics that can be made into clothes, bags, ｏｒother items.By collecting the sun\'s energy during the day, these lightweight fabrics provide bright white light at night. Their inventors have named the fabrics "Portable Lights," Portable Lights have the potential to transform the lives of people without electricity around the world, says project leader Sheila Kennedy."Our invention," Kennedy says, "came from seeing how we could transform technology we saw every day in the United States ａｎｄ　move it into new markets fｏｒpeople who didn\'t have a lot of money."At the core of Portable Light technology are devices called high - brightness light - emitting diodes, ｏｒHB LEDs. These tiny lights appear in digital clocks, televisions ａｎｄ　streetlights.LEDs are completely different from the light bulbs. Most of those glass bulbs belong to a type called incandescent lights. Inside, electricity heats a metal coil to about 2,200 degrees Celsius. At that temperature, bulbs give off light we can see.Ninety percent of energy produced by incandescent lights, however, is heat ａｎｄ　invisible. With all that wasted energy, bulbs burn out quickly. They are also easily broken.LEDs, on the other hand, are like tiny pieces of rock made up of molecules that are arranged in a crystal structure. When an electric current passes through an LED, the crystal structure produces light. Unlike incandescent bulbs, they can produce light of various colors. Within an LED, the type of molecules ａｎｄ　their particular arrangement determines what colｏｒis produced.The central part of the Portable Lights technology is ______.【单选题】

A.glass bulbs

B.digital clocks

C.incandescent lights

D.HB LEDs

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题有一定难度，关键在吃透句意，答案依据比较明显，带着题干信息词回文章定位，答案依据主要在文章第五段第一句：At the core of Portable Light technology are devices called high - brightness light - emitting diodes ｏｒHB LEDs。其中core和题干里的central part是同义词，回来看选项，D项和原文句意相符，答案是D。

5、Walking to Exercise the BrainDo you think sitting ａｎｄ　studying all the time will improve students grades? Think again. Getting some exercise may help, too.New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didn\'t exercise.Previous research had shown that mice learn, remember ａｎｄ　pay attention better after a few weeks of working out on a running wheel. Mice that exercise have greater blood flow to the brain than those who don\'t. Their brain cells also make more connections.Neuroscientists (神经科学家) from the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign wanted to find out if the same thing is true fｏｒpeople. First, they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults, ages 58 to 77, after each person walked I mile. Then, participants looked at arrows on a computer screen ａｎｄ　had to use computer keys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing.Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task, ａｎｄ　their answers were just as accurate as their less - fit peers, the researchers found. The fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of their brain responsible fｏｒpaying attention ａｎｄ　making decisions.In a second study, 15 elderly people who completed a 6 - month aerobic - training (有氧运动) course were faster at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching ａｎｄ　toning (韵律操) exercises fｏｒthe same amount of time.So, even going fｏｒa walk every 2 ｏｒ3 days fｏｒjust 10 to 45 minutes can help. That should be good news fｏｒthe elderly.The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people haven\'t been studied yet. Still, it can\'t hurt to take occasional breaks ａｎｄ　go fｏｒa walk ｏｒrun around with friends. Whatever you do, though, don\'t try to read ａｎｄ　walk at the same time. You could end up hurting yourself!After taking exercise fｏｒa few weeks, the mice were found to have ______.【单选题】

A.higher blood pressure

B.faster heartbeat

C.more blood flow to the brain

D.better appearance

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度不大，找到答案依据不难。答案依据在文章第三段。带着题干信息词回到文章定位。第三段第二句谈到运动老鼠大脑中的血液流量大于不运动的，回来看选项，很明显，C是近义解释，是答案。