2023年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理补全短文分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、Why Would They Falsely Confess?Why on earth would an innocent person falsely confess to committing a crime? To most people, it just doesn\'t seem logical. But it is logical, say experts, if you understａｎｄ　what can happen in a police interrogation room.Under the right conditions, people\'s minds are susceptible to influence, ａｎｄ　the pressure put on suspects during police grilling is enormous. "It\'s a little like somebody\'s working on them with a dental drill," says Franklin Zimring, a law professｏｒat the University of California at Berkeley. "The pressure is important to understand, because otherwise it\'s impossible to understａｎｄ　why someone would say he did something he didn\'t do. The answer is: to put an end to an uncomfortable situation that will continue until he does confess."Developmental psychologist Allison Redlich recently conducted a laboratory study to determine how likely people are to confess to things they didn\'t do. ______ The researchers then intentionally crashed the computers ａｎｄ　accused the participants of hitting the "alt" key to see if they would sign a statement falsely taking responsibility.Redlich\'s findings clearly demonstrate how easy it can be to get people to falsely confess: 59 percent of the young adults in the experiment immediately confessed. Redlich also found that the younger the participant, the more likely a false confession. Of the 15-to 16-year-olds, 72 percent signed confessions, as did 78 percent of the 12-to 13-year-olds."There\'s no question that young people are more at risk," says Saul Kassin, a psychology professｏｒat Williams College, who has done similar studies with similar results, "But adults are highly vulnerable too."Both Kassin ａｎｄ　Redlich note that the entire "interrogation" in their experiments consisted of a simple accusation-not hours of aggressive questioning-ａｎｄ　still, most participants falsely confessed.Because of the stress of a police interrogation, they conclude, suspects can become convinced that falsely confessing is the easiest way out of a bad situation. "In some ways," says Kassin, "false confession becomes a rational decision."【单选题】

A.In her experiment, participants were seated at computers ａｎｄ　told not to hit the "alt" key, because doing so would crash the systems.

B."In some ways," says Kassin, "false confession becomes a rational decision."

C."It\'s a little like somebody\'s working on them with a dental drill," says Franklin Zimring, a law professｏｒat the University of California at Berkeley.

D."But adults are highly vulnerable too."

E.How could an innocent person admit to doing something he didn\'t do?

F.Redlich also found that the younger the participant, the more likely a false confession.

正确答案:A

答案解析:本段提到一个心理学家做了一个实验(a laboratory study)，也提到了crashed the computers和the "alt" key，这些都和选项A对应了起来。这是补全文章的重要策略，即文章和选项的对应关系。

2、Houses of the FutureWhat will houses be like in thirty years\' time? No one really knows, but architects are trying to predict. What will our home be like then?Future houses will have to be flexible. In thirty years\' time even more of us will be working from home. So we will have to be able to use areas of the house fｏｒwork fｏｒpart of the day ａｎｄ　fｏｒliving fｏｒthe rest. Families grow ａｎｄ　change with children arriving, growing up ａｎｄ　leaving home. _____. Nothing will be as fixed as it is now. The house will always be changing to meet changing needs.Everyone agrees that in thirty years\' time we will be living in "intelligent" houses. We will be able to talk to our kitchen machines ａｎｄ　discuss with them what to do. Like this, "We\'ll be having a party this weekend. What food shall we cook?" ａｎｄ　the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy ａｎｄ　how to cook it. We will be able to leave most of the cooking to the machines, just tasting things from time to time to check.The house of the future will be personal, each house will be different. You will be able to change the colｏｒof the wall easily.You won\'t have to paint them-you\'ll be able to tell the wall to change the color! ａｎｄ　if you don\'t like the colｏｒthe next day, you will be able to have a new one. The only thing you won\'t be able to do is move the house somewhere else!【单选题】

A.You will be able to change the colｏｒof the wall easily.

B.The only thing you won\'t be able to do is move the house somewhere else!

C.ａｎｄ　the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy ａｎｄ　how to cook it.

D.What will our home be like then?

E.The house of the future will have to grow ａｎｄ　change with the family.

F.The kids might take their bedrooms with them as they leave.

正确答案:E

答案解析:本题的难度比上一道明显降低，考生只要认真阅读文章，不难确定答案。可用排除法和代入法。本题的上文谈到随着孩子的出生，成长，和离家，家庭组成就会发生变化，带来房子的布置也会相应发生变化，下文谈到房子需要不断改造以适应家变化的需要，很明显此处很可能继续谈论，房子的改变问题，回来看选项，使用排除法和代入法，可以确定E是正确答案。

3、Looking to the FutureWhen a magazine fｏｒhigh-school students asked its readers what life would be like in twenty years, they said: Machines would be run by solar power. Buildings would rotate so they could follow the sun to take maximum advantage of its light ａｎｄ　heat. Walls would "radiate light" ａｎｄ　"change colｏｒwith the push of a buttons." Food would be replaced by pills. School would be taught "by electrical impulse while we sleep." Cars would have radar. Does this sound like the year 2000? Actually, the article was written in 1958 ａｎｄ　the question was, "what will life be like in 1978?". The future is much too important to simply guess about, the way the high school students did. So experts are regularly asked to predict accurately. By carefully studying the present, skilled businessmen, scientists, ａｎｄ　politicians are supposedly able to figure out in advance what will happen. But can they? One expert on cities wrote: Cities of the future would not be crowded but would have space fｏｒfarms ａｎｄ　fields. People would travel to world in "airbuses" all-weather helicopters carrying up to 200 passengers. When a person left the airbus station he could drive a coin-operated car equipped with radar. ______ Does that sound familiar? If the exert had been accurate it would, because he was writing in 1957. His subject was "The city of 1982". If the professionals sometimes sound like high-school students, it\'s probably because future study is still a new field. Here is an example fｏｒfuture study. Economic forecasting, ｏｒpredicting what the economy will do, has been around fｏｒa long time. But there have been some big mistakes in this field, too. In early 1929, most forecasters saw an excellent future fｏｒthe stock market. In October of that year, the stock market had its worst losses ever, ruining thousands of investors who had put their faith in financial foreseers. One forecaster knew that predictions about the future would always be subject to significant errors. In 1957, H. J. Rａｎｄ　of the Rａｎｄ　Corporation was asked about the year 2000, "Only one thing is certain," he answered. " Children born today will have reached the age of 43."【单选题】

A.In early 1929, most forecasters saw an excellent future fｏｒthe stock market.

B.Children born today will have reached the age of 43.

C.Actually, the article was written in 1958 ａｎｄ　the question was, "what will life be like in 1978?"

D.So experts are regularly asked to predict accurately.

E.Scientists are 80 percent accurate in predicting the future.

F.The radar equipment of cars would make traffic accidents "almost unheard off\'.

正确答案:F

答案解析:本题前面一句说的是radar。选项F说了radar使用后的良好效果。所以选F是必然的。

4、Don\'t Rely on Plankton to Save the PlanetEncouraging plankton growth in the ocean has been touted by some as a promising way to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Its opponents fear that will damage the marine ecosystem, ａｎｄ　now a computer model shows that the trick would also be remarkably inefficient.Adding iron to patched of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily. The microscopic organisms suck up dissolved carbon dioxide from the water, which in turn is replaced by carbon dioxide from the air. As plankton die ａｎｄ　settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.Jorge Sarmiento from Princeton ａｎｄ　his colleagues developed a complex computer model to analyze how factors such as ocean chemistry ａｎｄ　water circulation would affect the process if 160,000 square kilometers of ocean were seeded with iron fｏｒa month. They found that 100 years later only between 2 ａｎｄ　13 percent of the extra carbon that was originally taken up plankton had actually been removed from the atmosphere.In their scenario, which covers an area 10 times as big as the largest experiment of this kind ever proposed, fertilizing the ocean removes 1 million tons of carbon from the atmosphere just 0.2 percent of the carbon dioxide humankind spews out each month. Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. ______ says Sallie Chisholm, an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology."Butthe take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming."【单选题】

A.Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming.

B.Its opponents fear that will damage the marine ecosystem, ａｎｄ　now a computer model shows that the trick would also be remarkably inefficient.

C.As plankton die ａｎｄ　settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.

D.They found that 100 years later only between 2 ａｎｄ　14 percent of the extra carbon that was originally taken up plankton had actually been removed from the atmosphere.

E."These are newer ａｎｄ　better models,"

F.Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming.

正确答案:E

答案解析:空白后句中的动词says暗示“引文”内容。考点：句子结构之间的逻辑关系。

5、Houses of FutureWhat will houses be like in thirty years\' time? No one really knows, but architects are trying to predict what our home will be likeE. Future houses will have to be flexible. In thirty years\' time even more of us will be working at home. So we will have to be able to use areas of the house fｏｒwork fｏｒpart of the day ａｎｄ　fｏｒliving fｏｒthe rest. Families grow ａｎｄ　change with children arriving, growing up ａｎｄ　leaving home. The house ofthe future will have to grow ａｎｄ　change with the familyF, nothing will be as fixed as it is now. The house will always be changing to meet changing needs. Everyone agrees that in thirty years\' time we will be living in "intelligent" houses. We will be able to talk to our kitchen machines ａｎｄ　discuss with them what to do. Like this, "we\'ll be having a party this weekend. What food shall we cook?" ａｎｄ　the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy ａｎｄ　how to cook it. We will be able to leave most of the cooking to the machines, just tasting things from time to time to check. The house of the future will be personal-each house, you will be able to change the colｏｒofthe wall easily, you won\'t have to paint them, you\'ll be able to tell the wall to change the color! ａｎｄ　if you don\'t like the colｏｒthe next day, you will be able to have a new one. ______.【单选题】

A.you will be able to change the colｏｒofthe wall easily

B.The only thing you won\'t be able to do is moving the house somewhere else

C.ａｎｄ　the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy ａｎｄ　how to cook it

D.what our home will be likeE

E.The house ofthe future will have to grow ａｎｄ　change with the familyF

F.he kids might take their bedrooms with them as they have

正确答案:B

答案解析:意思是“也许唯一一件你不能改变的事就是把房子移到其他地方去而已”，与上文中可以随心所欲做任何事相符。