2023年职称英语考试《综合类》考试共65题，分为单选题。小编为您整理历年真题5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、The State of Marriage TodayIs there something seriously wrong with marriage today? During the past 50 years, the rate of divorce in the United States has exploded: almost 50% of marriages end in divorce now, ａｎｄ　the evidence suggests it is going to get worse. If this trend continues, it will lead to the breakup of the family, according to a spokesperson fｏｒthe National Family Association. Some futurists predict that in 100 years, the average American will marry at least four times, ａｎｄ　extramarital (婚外的) affairs will be even more common than now.But what are the reasons fｏｒthis, ａｎｄ　is the picture really so gloomy (明暗的)? The answer to the first question is really quite simple: marriage is no longer the necessity it once was. The institution of marriage has been based fｏｒyears partly on economic need. Women used to be economically dependent on their husbands－as they usually didn\'t have jobs outside the home. But with the rising number of women in well－paying jobs, this is no longer the case, So they don\'t feel that they need to stay in a failing marriage.In answer to the second question, the outlook may not be as pessimistic (悲观的) as it seems. While the rate of divorce has risen, the rate of couples marrying has never actually fallen very much, so marriage is still quite popular. In addition to this, many couples now simply live together ａｎｄ　don\'t bother to marry. These couples are effectively married, but they do not appear in either the marriage ｏｒdivorce statistics. In fact, more than 50% of first marriages survive.So is marriage really an outdated institution? The fact that most people still get married indicates that it isn\'t. ａｎｄ　it is also true that married couples have a healthier life than single people: they suffer less from stress ａｎｄ　its consequences, such as heart problems, ａｎｄ　married men generally consider themselves more contented than their single counterparts. Perhaps the key is to find out what makes a successful marriage ａｎｄ　apply it to all of our relationships!What does "this is no longer the case" in paragraph 2 mean? ____【单选题】

A.Women are not economically dependant any more.

B.It is not necessary to get married any more.

C.Women do not need a husbａｎｄ　any longer.

D.Many wives do well - paying jobs outside home now.

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，只要认真阅读原文，不难确定答案，答案依据是：Women used to be economically dependent on their husbands－as they usually didn\'t have jobs outside the home. But with the rising number of women in well - paying jobs, this is no longer the case,很明显这句话是说妇女在经济上已经独立，不再依赖丈夫，所以答案是A。

2、Why People Use Pseudonyms (假名字)?You can\'t choose the name you are given at birth, but in many countries you can change it legally when you reach adulthood. Of course, most people never change their names even if they feel unhappy about them. However some people do take this course of action－particularly artists! What makes an artist want to change their name? Sometimes it\'s fｏｒpurely personal reasons, such as the Nobel Prize winning poet from Chile, Neftalf Reyes. He didn\'t want his father to know he was writing poetry, so he changed his name to Pablo Neruda when he was a young man. At other times the reason may appear strange, take the case of the Portuguese poet Femando Pessoa, who wrote under 75 different names. The reason? "When I use a different name, I always write in a different way," he explained. In most cases, however , people change their names fｏｒsocial, historical, political, ｏｒcultural reasons. Here are some of the most common: reason. The person\'s real name is just too long ａｎｄ　difficult to remember. Let\'s be honest, Madonna Louise Ciccone is not as easy to remember as just plain Madonna. ａｎｄ　short names are much easier to remember: William Bradley became Brad Pitt ａｎｄ　Edson Arantes do Nascimento became Pele.Sometimes names are changed fｏｒmarketing purposes. Fｏｒexample, if a name sounds too foreign, it may be changed to something that is more recognizable in a ____ . So in the film world, Ramon Estsvez adopted the name Martin Sheen. ｏｒmaybe the artist\'s real name doesn\'t sound attractive－Chad Everett does sound a lot better than Raymond Cramton.Artists sometimes choose the name of someone they admire. Robert Zimmerman changed his name to Boo Dylan because of his admiration fｏｒthe Welsh poet, Dylan Thomas.Another reason may be practical: in the past, women found it very difficult to get published. To avoid this situation, they sometimes gave themselves men\'s names, so the English authｏｒMary Ann Evans became George Eliot, ａｎｄ　she did get her books published!【单选题】

A.market

B.film

C.book

D.city

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题有一定难度，难度在理解原文。文中此处还是要表达“市场”的意思，最佳答案是A。

3、Gun Rights in the USImmediately after the shooting at Virginia Tech University, Americans gathered to mourn (致哀) the dead. The president ａｎｄ　the state governer both hurried there to share the grief. But the majority of Americans still cling to their right to own weapons.Strictly speaking, the US is not the only country here gun violence has destroyed lives, families ａｎｄ　communities in everyday circumstance. But the US is one of the few countries that seem unwilling ａｎｄ　politically incapable of doing anything serious to stop it.In countries like Britain ａｎｄ　Canada, the government adopted strict gun control soon after serious gun violence incidents. US leaders, however, are held hostage by the gun lobby (院外活动集团) ａｎｄ　the electoral (选举) system.The powerful National Rifle Association, the majｏｒsupporter of gun rights in the US, is too strong fｏｒany party to take on. Most Republicans oppose gun control anyway. Over the years, the Democrats have found that they can either campaign fｏｒgun control ｏｒwin power, not both, they prefer power.According to the US Bureau of Justice Statistics, firearm (火器) incidents accounted fｏｒnine percent of the 4.7 million violent crimes in 2005. So although opinion polls show most Americans want stricter gun laws, many people don\'t want to give up their arms they keep to protect themselves.Dave Hancock, a Virginia gun lover, is one example. In an interview he said, "If one professｏｒin the Virginia incident had been carrying a legal weapon, they might have been able to stop all this. "In his opinion, the massacre (大屠杀) is an argument fｏｒmore people to carry weapons, not fewer.Americans\' clinging to the right to bear arms is not just a fear of crime, but a mistrust of ____, commented UK\'s Guardian newspaper.One Virginia resident, who had a permit to carry a concealed (隐藏的) firearm, told the Guardian that it was every American\'s responsibility to have a gun."Each person," he said, "should not rely solely on the government fｏｒprotection."【单选题】

A.guards

B.government

C.students

D.professors

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要认真阅读文章，理解好句意。文章此处是说“美国人持有枪支的根源在于对政府的不信任”，问题是和政府有关系的，最佳答案是B。本题也可先看选项，得到信息提示。

4、Obviously these people can be relied on in a crisis.【单选题】

A.lived on

B.depended on

C.believed in

D.joined in

正确答案:B

答案解析:显然这些人在危机关头值得依靠。本题有一定难度，考查的是基本意义，C项的干扰最大，有些考生因受汉语思维影响而选了C，rely on和depend on都有“依靠”意思，是近义词，常用过去式，C项believe in指“相信”，和答案意义有差异，最佳答案是B。

5、One-Room SchoolsOne-room schools are part of the heritage of the United States, ａｎｄ　the mention of them makes people feel a longing fｏｒ"the way things were." One - room schools are an endangered species (种类), however. Fｏｒmore than a hundred years, one - room schools have been systematically shut down ａｎｄ　their students were sent away to centralized schools. As recently as 1930 there were 149,000 one - room schools in the United States. By 1970 there were 1,800. Today, of the nearly 800 remaining one - room schools, more than 350 are in Nebraska. The rest are spread through a few other states that have on their road maps wide - open spaces between towns.Now that there are hardly any left, educators are beginning to think that maybe there is something yet to be learned from one - room schools, something that served the pioneers that might serve as well today. Progressive educators have come up with new names like "peer -ｇｒｏｕｐteaching" ａｎｄ　"multi - age grouping" fｏｒeducational procedures that occur naturally in the one - room schools. In a one - room school the children teach each other because the teacher is busy part of the time teaching someone else. The fourth grader can work at the fifth grade level in math ａｎｄ　the third grade level in English without the bad name associated with being left back ｏｒthe pressures of being skipped (超过) ahead. A youngster with a learning disability can find his ｏｒher own level without being separated from other pupils. A few hours in a small school that has only one classroom ａｎｄ　it becomes clear why so many parents feel that one of the advantages of living in Nebraska is that their children have to go to a one - room school.We learn from the first paragraph that one - room schools ____. 【单选题】

A.are the best in Nebraska

B.are becoming more ａｎｄ　more centralized

C.have had a strong influence on American people

D.need to be shut down

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题有一定难度．考生需要有很强的概括能力和近义转化能力。做本题时，不要先看选项。第一段开头谈到，大教室学校已经成为美国遗产的一部分，一提到它就会使人们渴望回到过去，换句话说，这种学校对美国人影响至深，回来看选项，C项是近义解释，答案是C。