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2023年职称英语考试《综合类》考试共65题,分为单选题。小编每天为您准备了5道每日一练题目(附答案解析),一步一步陪你备考,每一次练习的成功,都会淋漓尽致的反映在分数上。一起加油前行。
1、Longer Lives Are Happier Lives1 In recent years, scientists have been studying ways to change the body\'s chemistry to reduce the signs and effects of aging.2 0negroupof researchers in Britain has performed experiments on a kind of worm. They have managed to increase the worm\'s normal life span of 20 days by up to 400%. They hope that they will be able to use this research to help humans live longer. However, this is a long way in the future. Another disadvantage is that when (orif) the new technology is successfully developed, it will probably be very expensive. The chance to live longer will only be available to a very few, very rich people.3 Anothergroupof scientists is studying people who have reached a very old age. They believe that this may show what has kept these people healthy and alive forso long. So, if we look at people who have lived into very old age, what do they have in common? Usually they have led a physically active life. This does not mean going to a gym orrunning ten miles every day. Simple, enjoyable activities like walking seem to be more likely to keep you healthy. Very old people also eat a good, varied diet. Simple foods like vegetable, rice, pasta and fish are the best.4 However, there may be one thing even more important than physical factors like diet and exercise. Research shows that personality, and the way a person thinks, play an important part in how long they will live. People who live into very old age always seem to enjoy life. They have a sense of humorand get satisfaction from simple things. They do not constantly think about the past, but are interested in the present and the future. They do not let life get boring, but have interests and hobbies which keep their minds active and they are open to new ideas. One Japanese man who lived to be 120 commented that the secret of his long life was "not worrying". To express it simply, people who are happy and positive about life are more likely to live longer.5 So, eat well, exercise well, and enjoy life, and you will have a good chance of living to a healthy, happy old age.Paragraph 3 ____【单选题】
A.How to live happy old age
B.Disadvantages of the project
C.The study of old people
D.Personality and other mental factors are more important
E.Worms live longer than humans
F.Live simple lives
正确答案:C
答案解析:首句,另一组科学家正在研究长寿老人,这是对整段的概述,接下来,发现了他们的共同之处。因此选C。
2、A Strong Greenhouse Gas1 Methane is a colorless, odorless gas; it is also a potent greenhouse gas, and once released into the atmospheres, it absorbs beat radiating from Earth\'s surface. That\'s why methane is a majorcontributorto the planet\'s increasing temperature rise orglobal warming. Molecule formolecule, methane\'s heat-trapping power in the atmosphere is 21 times stronger than carbon dioxide, the most abundant greenhouse gas.2 With 13 billion cows belching almost constantly around the world (100 million in the U. S. alone), it\'s no surprise that menace released by livestock is one of the chief sources of the gas. Other prime methane sources: petroleum, drilling, coal mining, solid-waste landfills and wetlands.3 Greenhouse gases like methane and carbon dioxide make up only a small part of Earth\'s atmosphere, which is 78 percent nitrogen and nearly 21 percent oxygen. and without greenhouse gases to trap the sun\'s heat and warm the planet, life as we know it couldn\'t exist. But in the last200 years, human activity that requires burning oil, natural gas, and coal forenergy has magnified the greenhouse effect.4 Atmospheric concentrations of methane have more than doubled in the last two centuries. Blame forthis often focuses on big industries and gas-guzzling vehicles. But agriculture plays a majorrole, too. In the past 40 years alone, the global cattle population has doubled.5 Cows munch mostly grasses and hay yet they grow big and hefty. Why? Because of the rumen. The rumen holds 160 liters of food and billions of microbes. These microscopic bacteria and protozoa break down cellulose and Fiber into digestible nutrients. A cow couldn\'t live without its microbes. As the microbes digest cellulose, trey release methane. The process occurs in all animals with a rumen (cows, sheep, and goats, forexample), and it makes them very gassy. It\'s part of their normal digestion process. When they drew their cud, they regurgitate some food to rechew it, and all this gas comes out. The average cow expels 600 liters of methane a day.That\'s why we say livestock gas is also a majorfactorof causing the global warming.Generally people heap criticism on fox the planet\'s temperature rise ____ .【单选题】
A.one of tire majorcontributors
B.the ever-increasing atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases
C.big and hefty cows
D.livestock\'s normal digestion process
E.how to cut down the cattle population
F.big industries and gas-guzzling vehicles
正确答案:F
答案解析:第4段第2句直接谈到这个问题,人们常常将不断加剧的温室效应归罪于大工业和汽车,而cattle释放甲烷的因素被忽略了。
3、She gave up her job and started writing poetry.【单选题】
A.lost
B.abandoned
C.took
D.created
正确答案:B
答案解析:题干大意:她放弃了工作,开始写诗。句中give up的意思是“放弃”。如:In view of the circumstances,we should give up the plan.(考虑到情况的变化,我们应该放弃这项计划)。abandon:放弃,如:After the age of thirty he abandoned individual ambition.(他一过30岁就放弃了个人的雄心壮志。)lose:丢失;take:拿;create:创造。
4、Geology and Heap(1)The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized fora number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. Forexample, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.(2)The ultimate source of metals within the human body is rocks, which weather into soil, gaining orlosing some of their chemical constituents. The crops we eat selectively remove from the soil the elements that they require forgrowth. The water we drink contains trace elements leached from rock and soil. Thus the geology and geochemistry of the environment have effects on the chemistry and health of plants, animals and people.(3)So far there is no data to suggest that people living on metal-rich soils experience a potential health hazard. The levels of metals within naturally contaminated soils are generally not high enough to cause serious health problems. Living on metal-rich soils does not represent a health risk unless large quantities of soil are digested ormetal-rich dust is inhaled. However, small children are particularly exposed to metal-rich topsoil in playgrounds and gardens. They are also the most likely ones to eat potentially dangerous metal-rich soil.(4)Heavy metals are persistent: they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning(5)In contrast, naturally contaminated soils have not been subject too risk assessment studies and rehabilitation measures, despite the fact that they frequently possess metal concentrations well above those of such polluted by humans and above environmental quality criteria.(6)There is a vital need to understand the potential risks and long-term health effects of living on naturally contaminated soils. Future environmental investigations of naturally polluted soils should concentrate on the potential pathways of metals into the food chain and human body. Geologists should be part of such studies as they can provide the essential background information on rock and soil chemistry as well as the chemical forms of heavy metal pollution.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of ____【单选题】
A.industrially polluted soils
B.rock and soil chemistry
C.naturally polluted soils
D.the pathways of metals into the food chain
E.the element of iodine
F.the persistence of heavy metals
正确答案:E
答案解析:第1段最后一句“A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases”是选择E的依据。
5、What are my chances of promotion if I stay here?【单选题】
A.retirement
B.advertisement
C.advancement
D.replacement
正确答案:C
答案解析:如果我还待在这干,我有升职的机会吗?promotion指“提升,晋级”,和advancement的引申意义“晋升”是同义词,A项指“退休”,B项指“广告”,D项指“代替”,三项的干扰性不强。本题考查的是advancement的引申意义。
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