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2022年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编每天为您准备了5道每日一练题目(附答案解析),一步一步陪你备考,每一次练习的成功,都会淋漓尽致的反映在分数上。一起加油前行。
1、Cancer1. Cancer is agroupof many related diseases that begin in cells, the body\'s basic building blocks. The body is made up of many types of cells. Normally, cells grow and divide to produce more cells as they are needed to keep the body healthy. Sometimes, this orderly process goes wrong. New cells form when the body does not need them, and old cells do not die when they should. The extra cells form a mass of tissue called a growth ortumor肿瘤). Benign(良性的) tumors are not cancer. They can often be removed and, in most cases, they do not come back. Malignant (恶性的) tumors are cancer. Cells in malignant tumors are abnormal and divide without control ororder.2. Scientists have learned that cancer is caused by changes in genes that normally control the growth and death of cells. Certain lifestyle and environmental factors can change some normal genes into genes that allow the growth of cancer. Many gene changes that lead to cancer are the result of tobacco use, diet, exposure to ultraviolet(紫外线的) radiation from the sun, orexposure to carcinogens (致症物) in the workplace orin the environment. Some gene alterations are inherited.3. Cancer treatment can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy(化疗), hormone therapy, and biological therapy. The doctormay use one method ora combination of methods, depending on the type and location of the cancer, whether the disease has spread, the patient\'s age and general health and other factors. Because treatment forcancer can also damage healthy cells and tissues, it often causes side effects. Patients and doctors generally discuss the treatment options, weighting the likely benefits of killing cancer cells and the risks of possible side effects.4. Having cancer does not always mean having pain. Whether a patient has pain may depend on the type of cancer, the extent of the disease and the patient\'s tolerance forpain. Most pain occurs when the cancer grows and presses against bones, organs, ornerves. Pain may also be a side effect of treatment. However, pain can generally be relieved orreduced with prescription medicines orover - the - counter drugs recommended by the doctor.Gene alterations may be caused by ______.【单选题】
A.side effects
B.prescription medicines
C.control ororder
D.tolerance forpain
E.various factors
F.different genes
正确答案:E
答案解析:本题难度不大,认真阅读文章第二段可以发现,本段主要谈到了引发癌症的各’类原因,如生活习惯,工作环境和环境因素等,回来看选项,E项符合原文句意,是答案。
2、Nurse ! I Want My MummyWhen a child is ill in hospital, a parent\'s first reaction is to be with them.Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep overnight with their child, providing a bed orso far on the ward.But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon, it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children were upsetwhen their parents left, and so there was a blanket ban.A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study "Nurse! I want my mummy" published in 1974 , changed the face of paediatric nursing.Martin Johnson, a professorof nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care."Pamela\'s study was done against the ____ of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in hospital. ""The idea was that if mum came to visit a small child in hospital the child would be upsetand inconsolable forhours. ""Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. ""Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was eve coming back. ""To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit. ""But children were alone and depressed so Hawthorn said parents should be allowed to visit. ""Dr Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal. ""Her research put an end to the days when parents handed their children over to strangers at the doorof the hospital ward. ""As a result of her work, parents and careers are now recognized as partners and are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children whilst they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents\' and children\'s experience of care. "【单选题】
A.field
B.background
C.circles
D.history
正确答案:B
答案解析:英语里表示“在什么背景下”用against the background of这一搭配。
3、Importance of Children\'s Oral HealthFebruary is National Children\'s Dental(牙齿的) Health Month, but in children good oral(口部的) care is critical every day. The first comprehensive study on the nation\'s oral health, released recently by the Office of the U. S. Surgeon General, calls dental and oral diseases a "silent epidemic (流行病)", even in children. The report states that more than 51 million school hours are lost each year to dental - related illness. In fact, a recent study pointed to dental care as the most common unmet health need among American children.To help counter this, the American Academy of Periodontology (牙周病学) (AAP) is launching an effort to educate children and parents about the prevention of dental diseases in children."This is important because oral problems can impact self - esteem forchildren and lead to problems of eating, speaking and attending to learning," said Michael McGuire, president of the AAP.Common dental problems seen in children are cavities (龋洞) and gingivitis (龈炎), which are found in the majority of U. S. children. "When these problems are not caught early and treated, they can develop into more severe problems and cause unnecessary suffering," said McGuire. "However, much of the time, oral problems are avoidable problems."In the Rio Grande Valley in Texas, agroupof more than 120 dentists(牙医) volunteers to deliver dental care to thousands of low - income children each year with its Mobile Dental Unit that travels from school to school."According to the Surgeon General\'s Report, about 37 percent of children have not had a dental visit before starting school," said McGuire. When children don\'t see dentists, they miss the opportunity to have problems caught early before they develop into larger, more expensive problems to treat, and parents miss the opportunity to learn how to promote good oral habits in their children.Some children have never seen a dentist before starting school.【单选题】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案:A
答案解析:本题难度不大,答案依据比较明显,带者题干信息词回文章定位,答案依据在文章最后一段第一句:…about 37 per cent of children have not had a dental visit before start ing school,谈到约37%的孩子上小学前从没看过牙医,所以本题和原文句意相符,答案是A。
4、Breast Cancer Deaths Record LowThe number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to a record low by dropping under 12,000 a year forthe first time since records began.The Cancer Research UK data showed that 11,990 women died in the UK in 2007.The previous lowest figure had been recorded in 1971-the year records began after which it rose steadily year by year until the late 1980s.ProfessorPeter Johnson, Cancer Research UK\'s chief clinician said, "It\'s incredibly encouraging to see fewer women dying from breast cancer now than at any time in the last 40 years, despite breast cancer being diagnosed more often. "Research has played a crucial role in this progress leading to improved treatments and better management forwomen with the disease."The introduction of the NHS (国民保健制度) breast screening program has also contributed as women are more likely to survive the earlier cancer is diagnosed. "Breast cancer is now the most common cancer in the UK with 45,500 women every year diagnosed with the disease, a 50% rise in 25 years.The number of deaths peaked in 1989, when 15,625 women died. It then fell by between 200 and 400 deaths each year until 2004.There was a slight rise in 2005 and then two years of falls.Dr Sarah Cant, policy manager at Breakthrough Breast Cancer, said, "It is great news that fewer women are dying from breast cancer and highlights the impact of improved treatments, breast screening and awareness of the disease. " ."However, this is still too many women and incidence of the disease is increasing year by year."The rising rate of breast cancer diagnosis has been put down to a variety of factors including obesity(肥胖) and alcohol consumption.Breast cancer can come back 10 years after you were first diagnosed.【单选题】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案:C
答案解析:该论断文章中未提及。
5、We\'ve?seen?a?marked?shift?in?our?approach?to?the?social?issues.【单选题】
A.clear
B.regular
C.quick
D.great
正确答案:A
答案解析:题干大意:在解决这些社会问题上,我们看到了明显的转变。marked意为“明显的”,如:marked?increases(明显的增长)。clear意为“清晰的”,最符合题意,如:a?clear?explanation(清晰的解释)。regular意为“规律的”,如:regular?heart?beats(规律的心跳)。quick意为“迅速的”,如:a?quick?answer(迅速的回答)。great意为“伟大的”,如:a?great?career(伟大的事业)。
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