2021年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编每天为您准备了5道每日一练题目（附答案解析），一步一步陪你备考，每一次练习的成功，都会淋漓尽致的反映在分数上。一起加油前行。

1、Human Heart Can Make New CellsSolving a longstanding mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues to generate new cardiac cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age. The finding, published in the April 3 issue of Science, could open a new path for the treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure and heart attack, experts say. "We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes, are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen, a professor of stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. "It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we are born with or if they could be renewed," he said. The process of renewing these cells changes over time, Frisen added. In a 20-year-old, about 1 percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year, but the turnover rate decreases with age to only 0. 45 percent by age 75, "If we can understand how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated, it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after for example, a heart attack, "Frisen said. That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts. A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure," noted co-author Dr. Ratan Bhardwaj. Ratan Bhardwaj, also from the Karolinska Institute. "Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said. With this finding, scientists are "opening the door to potential therapies to having ourselves heal ourselves," Bhardwaj said. "Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new and more cells to overcome the problem they are facing. " But barriers remain. According to Bhardwaj, scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off, especially in older patients with heart failure. In addition, the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts-whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.In people in their mid-70s, only 0.45 percent of cardiomyocytes ____.【单选题】

A.are still functional

B.are reduced each year

C.are replaced each year

D.are damaged each year

正确答案:C

答案解析:第四段说，一个人20岁时，其每年被更替的心肌细胞为1%，随着年龄的增长，该更替率( turnover rate)不断下降，等到75岁时，只有0. 45%。

2、Obviously these people can be relied on in a crisis.【单选题】

A.lived on

B.depended on

C.believed in

D.joined in

正确答案:B

答案解析:显然这些人在危机关头值得依靠。本题有一定难度，考察的是基本意义，C项的干扰最大，有些考生因受汉语思维影响而选了C，rely on和depend on都有“依靠”意思，是近义词，常用过去式，C项believe in指“相信”，和答案意义有差异，最佳答案是B。

3、In the United States educational system, intermediate school is the transitional phase between the primary grades and high school.【单选题】

A.stage

B.notion

C.pattern

D.alternative

正确答案:A

答案解析:phase：阶段，与stage是同义词；notion：概念、想法；pattern：式样、模型；alternative:两者挑一、供选择的方法。

4、They say Ireland\'s the BestIreland is the best place in the world to live in for 2005, according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britain\'s Economist magazine last week.The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only measure of human satisfaction and well-being.The index of 111 countries uses data on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, gender equality as well as what the magazine calls "freedom, family and community life".Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion (拥挤), gender inequality, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of 10.That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8.07. Zimbabwe, troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest (最差的) , picking up only 3.89 points."Although rising incomes and increased individual choices are highly valued, " the report said, "some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact."Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as stable family and community life. "The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do, and that its findings would have their critics.No. 2 on the list is Switzerland. The other nations in the top 10 are Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden, Australia, Iceland, Italy, Denmark and Spain.The UK is positioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower half the league at 60th.Ireland is positioned at NO. 1 because it combines the most desirable elements of the new withSome good elements of the old.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:A

答案解析:问题句说“爱尔兰位居第一，因为它把新时期里最理想的因素和过去的一些好的东西融合在一起。”利用题干中出现的特征词No. 1作为答案线索，同时关注问题句中出现的修饰结构“the most desirable (elements)/最理想的”和“some good (elements)/一些好的”，这样找到答案相关句：这个句子很可能就是直接答案相关句，该句说“爱尔兰获胜了，因为它成功地把新时期最理想的因素和对过去某些温暖的东西（如稳定的家庭和社会生活）的保护结合了起来。”从这个句意上看“温暖的东西”就是“好的东西”，所以现在只需要确认“Ireland wins”就是指“爱尔兰位居第一”。在前文中我们看到“爱尔兰获得的分数给人留下了深刻的印象”，接着看到“这使它远远高于第2名瑞士”，判断原文中说的“Ireland wins”就是指“爱尔兰位居第一”，问题句的说法正确。

5、Flu doesScratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to tell if the cause is a cold or flu may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.The American Lung Association (ALA) has issued new guidelines on combating colds and the flu, and one of the keys is being able to quickly tell the two apart. That\'s because the prescription drugs available for the flu need to be taken soon after the illness sets in. As for colds, the sooner a person starts taking over-the-counter remedy, the sooner relief will come.The common cold and the flu are both caused by viruses. More than 200 viruses can cause cold symptoms, while the flu is caused by three viruses-flu A, B and C. There is no cure for either illness, but the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine (疫苗), which is, for most people, the best way to fight the flu, according to the ALA.But if the flu does strike, quick action can help. Although the flu and common cold have many similarities, there are some obvious signs to look for.Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and adults and teens often do not get a fever. On the other hand, fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu for all ages. And in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms.The ALA notes that it may be particularly difficult to tell when infants and preschool age children have the flu. It advises parents to call the doctor if their small children have flu-like symptoms.Both cold and flu symptoms can be eased with over-the-counter medications as well. However, children and teens with a cold or flu should not take aspirin for pain relief because of the risk of Reye syndrome (综合症), a rare but serious condition of the liver and central nervous system.There is, of course, no vaccine for the common cold but frequent hand washing and avoiding close contact with people who have colds can reduce the likelihood of catching one.We learn from the passage that ____.【单选题】

A.one doesn\'t need to take any medicine ifhe has a cold or the flu

B.aspirin should not be included in over-the-counter medicines for the flu

C.delayed treatment of the flu will harm the liver and central nervous system

D.over-the-counter drugs can be taken to ease the misery caused by a cold or the flu

正确答案:D

答案解析:由第七段第一句可知D项正确。A选项与第二段内容不符；B项内容文中未提到；C选项与第七段内容不符。