2021年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理阅读理解分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、A special educationVideodisc holds great promise of helping to meet the needs of American schoolchildren who have problems seeing, hearing, speaking, or socializing. Almost eleven percent of the students aged 3-21 in this country have an impairment that affects their ability to benefit from a regular education program. Handicapped students require special education because they are often markedly different from most children in one or more of the following ways: mentally retarded (发展迟缓的) learning-disabled, emotionally disturbed, deaf, visually handicapped, physically handicapped, or other health impairments. The education of these handicapped children is rewarding but challenging. A special education student usually needs a longer period of time to acquire information. Repetitive teaching techniques are often beneficial, and indefatigable (孜孜不倦) consistency on the part of the teacher is frequently necessary. Interactive videodisc courseware has characteristics that can be capitalized upon to meet the challenges that special education poses. A videodisc program is infinitely patient. Repetition of any videodisc lesson can continue endlessly, and designers can assure absolute consistency within a program. Most important, according to special educator William Healey of the University of Arizona, is that videodisc "adds an extra dimension of realism for children who need graphic representations."Healey explained that deaf and mentally retarded children especially have difficulty grasping figurative language and higher-order language concepts. He believes that for special education, the power of videodisc lies in the ability of the technology to visually represent language concepts normally taken for granted by non-handicapped persons. Complex figurative language forms such as idioms and metaphors come most readily to mind as being difficult for handicapped learners. The special education mentioned in the text is mainly concerned with____. 【单选题】

A.genius students from day-care centers to colleges

B.students who are fond of computer video games

C.teachers of language in the University of Arizona

D.students who are either mentally or physically disabled

正确答案:D

答案解析:由文章第1段“Handicapped students require special education because they are. . . ”可知，文中提及的特殊教育针对的是有智力和身体残疾的学生们，故选D。

2、Snow RangerThe two things, snow and mountains, which are needed for a ski area are the two things that cause avalanches, large mass of snow and ice crushing down the side of a mountain, often called "White Death. "It was the threat of the avalanche and its record as a killer of man in the western mountains that created the snow ranger. He first started on avalanche control work in the winter of 1937, 38 at Alta, Utah, in Wasatch National Forest. This mountain valley was becoming well known to skiers. It was dangerous. In fact, more than 120 persons had lost their lives in 1936 and another 200 died in 1937 as a result of avalanches before it became a major ski area. Thus, development of Alta and other major ski resorts in the west was dependent upon controlling the avalanche. The Forest Service set out to do it, and did with its corps of snow rangers. It takes many things to make a snow ranger. The snow ranger must be in excellent physical condition. He must be a good skier and a skilled mountain climber. He should have at least a high school education, and the more college courses in geology, physics, and related fields he has, the better. He studies snow, terrain, wind, and weather. He learns the conditions that produce avalanches. He learns to forecast avalanches and to bring them roaring on down the mountainsides to reduce their killing strength. The snow ranger learns to do this by using artillery, by blasting with TNT, and by the difficult and skillful art of skiing avalanches down. The snow ranger, dressed in a green parka which has a bright yellow shoulder patch, means safety for people on ski slopes. He pulls the trigger on a 75 mm. Recoilless rifle, skis waist deep in powder testing snow stability, or talks with the ski area\'s operator as he goes about his work to protect the public from the hazards of deep snow on steep mountain slopes. A snow ranger himself must be____. 【单选题】

A.a college graduate.

B.a physicist.

C.a geologist.

D.a mountaineer.

正确答案:D

答案解析:A：大学毕业生；B：物理学家；C：地质学家；D：登山运动员。依据常识，D最合理。如果依据原文，文章第5段首句说“要成为雪地管理员需要很多的条件”，所以判断答案相关句应在该段中。该段说“雪地管理员应是优秀的登山运动员”，所以答案是D。

3、Dairy Price-fixing ScandalTesco is preparing a legal battle to clear its name of involvement in the dairy price-fixing scandal that has cost consumers ￡270 million. Failure to prove that it had no part in collusion with other supermarkets and dairy processors may land it with a fine of at least ￡80 million. The Office of Fair Trading (OFT) said yesterday that Asda, Sainsbury\'s and the former Safeway, plus the dairy companies Wiseman, Dairy Crest and Cheese Company, had admitted being in a cartel to fix prices for milk, butter and cheese. They were fined a total of just over ￡116 million as part of a leniency deal offered by the watchdog to companies that owned up quickly to anti-competitive behaviour.Officials at the OFT admitted privately that they did not think they would ever discover which company or individual had initiated the pricing formula. But the watchdog recognises that at the time supermarkets were under pressure from politicians and farmers to raise the cost of milk to save dairy farming, though it is not certain that money found its way to farmers. The OFT claimed in September that it had found evidence that the retail chains had passed future milk prices to dairy companies, which then reached a fixed price among themselves.The average cost to each household is thought to be ￡11.25 over 2002 and 2003, Prices went up an extra 3p on a pint of milk, 15p on a quarter of a pound of butter and 15p on a half pound of cheese. There is no direct recompense for consumers, however, and the money will go to the Treasury. The National Consumer Council gave warning that the admissions would dent consumer confidence in leading high street names and that people would become sceptical of their claims. Farmers for Action, the group of farmers that has led protests over low milk prices since 2000, is seeking legal advice on whether it can now bring a claim for compensation.The OFT investigation is continuing, however, in relation to Tesco, Morrisons and the dairy group Lactalis McLelland, and any legal action is expected to be delayed until that is completed. Tesco was defiant and said that it was preparing a robust defence of its actions. Lucy Neville-Rolfe, its executive director, said: "As we have always said, we acted independently and we did not collude with anyone. Our position is different from our competitors and we are defending our own case vigorously. Our philosophy is to give a good deal to customers."Morrisons has supported the OFT in inquiries into the former safeway business that it took over, but in a statement said that it was still making "strong representations" in its defence. A spokeswoman for Lactalis McLelland said that the company was "co-operating" with the OFT. Industry insiders suggested that the three companies were deliberately stalling the OFT investigation.Sainsbury\'s admitted yesterday that it had agreed to pay ￡26 million in fines, but denied that it had sought to profiteer. Justin King, the chief executive, said he was disappointed that the company had been penalised for actions meant to help farmers but recognised the benefit of a speedy settlement. Asda declined to say how much it would pay in fines and also said that its intention had been to help farmers under severe financial pressure.The writer\'s attitude to Tesco can be said to be ______.【单选题】

A.biased

B.objective

C.sympathetic

D.optimistic

正确答案:B

答案解析:态度题。通过阅读整篇文章可以看出，作者虽然在文章中讲述了关于Tesco的事件，但言语和措辞比较客观，并未作出任何掺杂个人意见的评论，故正确答案为B。

4、The Value of AdvertisementMoney spent on advertising is worth spending. It serves directly to bring about a rapid sale of goods at reasonable prices, so setting up a firm home market and making it possible to provide for export at good price. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps greatly to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand it causes an increased need for labor, and is therefore a nice way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television program would need to be doubled, and travel by bus or subway would cost more. And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a promise of reasonable value in the products and services you buy. Besides the fact that twenty-seven Acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare produce anything that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising. He will not do so for long, for the public has the good sense not to buy the poor goods more than once. If you see a product frequently advertised, it is the proof I know that the product does what is promised for it, and that it has good value. Advertising does more for the good of the public than any other force I can think of. There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a well-known television person declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was telling us the real difference. Of course advertising tries to persuade. If its messages were nothing but information, that would be difficult to get more people to buy, for even the choice of the color of a shirt is a bit persuasive-advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known television person wants.Which of the following is the most important advantage according to the passage?【单选题】

A.Reducing the cost of your daily newspaper.

B.Lowering the price of your television program.

C.Making it possible to provide for export at good price.

D.Providing a promise of reasonable value in the products and services you buy.

正确答案:D

答案解析:选项A、B、C、D都是提到的好处，但是从文章第2段第1句可知，最重要的是广告能提供产品和服务的价值承诺。因此选D。

5、AirbusDespite bulging order books, the mood at Airbus and Boeing is far from celebratory. Both aviation giants are moaning loudly that their production systems and supply chains are flawed, albeit for ostensibly different reasons. This week Louis Gallois, the boss of EADS, the Franco-German aerospace consortium that owns Airbus, added substance to warnings a week earlier by the planemaker’s chief executive, Tom Enders, that the dollar\'s decline was "life-threatening" for the firm. Mr. Gallois said it was no longer just a possibility that Airbus would have to move a large part of its production to "the dollar zone" or low-cost countries, but a certainty.Airbus is already in the middle of Power 8, a big restructuring plan that involves the loss of 10,000 jobs and the sale of several plants, which is meant to offset the losses caused by the delays in delivering the A380 superjumbo. But Power 8 assumed that a euro was worth $ 1.35, not today\'s $ 1.47. Mr. Gallois estimates that each 10-cent rise in the euro costs Airbus 1 billion. At present, Airbus makes 76% of its purchases within Europe, but generates over 60% of its sales elsewhere. It must now shift some production abroad.Airbus is now likely to forge ahead much further. Mr. Gallois suggests that when the A350 enters service in 2013, 70% of it will have been "purchased" in dollars, against 50% for the A380 and an average 24% of Airbus production today. Because Airbus insists that some of its European suppliers price in dollars that means about 50% of the A350\'s production will be outsourced. New aircraft, such as the A320\'s successor, may be made almost entirely outside the euro-zone.Airbus maintains that exchange rates are not the only reason for outsourcing: it is keen to tap into composite-manufacturing expertise wherever it exists. It also insists that it will not repeat the mistakes Boeing has made with its new 787 Dreamliner, about 80% of which has been outsourced. A few weeks ago Mike Bair, the executive responsible for the 787 programme, who was recently moved sideways after mounting production delays, launched a withering attack on some of the companies recruited to build the plane. He said that in future Boeing would not entrust design work to partners who "proved incapable of doing it", and would make suppliers build factories close to Boeing\'s main assembly operation, rather than flying semi-finished sections of the aircraft round the world on huge Dreamlifter transporters.It is too early to conclude that the two rivals are heading in opposite directions- Boeing renouncing the global supply chain just as Airbus adopts it. Each company has its own axe to grind. Airbus needs greater flexibility, and the weak dollar provides helpful cover as it takes on its grumbling unions. Boeing, for its part, wants to shift the blame for delays to the 787 on to its partners. The logic of global outsourcing in the aerospace industry remains powerful. Whatever they may be saying now. Airbus and Boeing are more likely to converge than to diverge.Why Airbus and Boeing are more likely to converge than to diverge?【单选题】

A.Boeing quits the global supply chain while Airbus adopts it.

B.Both of them need to adopt greater flexibility in the working process.

C.Both of them need to make their foreign purchases and outsourcing more skillful and powerful.

D.Both of them have to take measures to deal with problems caused by weak dollar.

正确答案:C

答案解析:细节考查题。题干考查的是为什么说两个公司是向同一个方向会合而不是兵分两路。两个公司的说法虽然不同，但它们终究还是需要进行海外采购，而海外采购需要有所改进，分别都要改进灵活性并且使海外采购变得更加强大。因此向同一个方向会合而不是兵分两路是就海外采购这方面而言的，故正确答案为C。