2021年职称英语考试《综合类》考试共65题，分为单选题。小编每天为您准备了5道每日一练题目（附答案解析），一步一步陪你备考，每一次练习的成功，都会淋漓尽致的反映在分数上。一起加油前行。

1、Ants as a Barometer of Ecological ChangeAt picnics, ants are pests. But they have their uses. In industries such as training, farming and forestry, they can help gauge the health of the environment by just crawling around and being antsy.It has been recognized for decades that ants-which are highly sensitive to ecological change can provide a near-perfect barometer of the state of an ecosystem. Only certain species, for instance, will continue to thrive at a forest site that has been cleared of trees. Others will die out for lack of food. And still others will move in and take up residence.By looking at which species populate a deforested area, scientists can determine how "stressed" the land is. They do this by sorting the ants, counting their numbers and comparing the results with those of earlier surveys. Ants are used simply because they are so common and comprise so many species.Where mine sites are being restored, for example, some ant species will recognize the stripped land more quickly than others. This allowed scientists to gauge the pace and progress of the ecological recovery. Australian mining company Capricorn Coal Management has been successfully using ant surveys for years to determine the rate of recovery of land that it is replanting near its German Creek mine in Queensland.Ant surveys also have been used with mine-site recovery projects in Africa and Brazil, where warm climates encourage dense and diverse ant populations. "We found it worked extremely well there," says Jonathan Majer, a professor of environmental biology. Yet the surveys are perfectly suited to climates throughout Asia, he says, because ants are so common throughout the region. As Majer puts it: "That\'s the great thing about ants. "Ant surveys are so highly-regarded as ecological indicators that governments worldwide accept their results when assessing the environmental impact of mining and tree harvesting. ______.Why not? Because many companies can\'t afford the expense or the laboratory time needed to sift results for a comprehensive survey. The cost stems, also, from the scarcity of ant specialists. Employing those people are expensive. 【单选题】

A.This allowed scientists to gauge the pace and progress of the ecological recovery.

B.Yet in other businesses, such as farming and property development, ant surveys aren\'t used widely.

C.Employing those people are expensive.

D.They do this by sorting the ants, counting their numbers and comparing the results with those of earlier surveys.

E.The evolution of ant species may have a strong impact on our ecosystem.

F.Others will die out for lack of food.

正确答案:B

答案解析:选项B中的关键词other businesses、farming、property提示，选项B的句子是前面句子的后续句，因为前面句子有mining、tree harvesting，也是businesses。蚂蚁分析法已被 mining和tree harvesting等行业广泛接受，但在farming和property行业中的应用还不普遍。

2、Ceasing to Wear TiesIt\'s useless. It\'s dirty. It spreads disease. That\'s why the British Medical Association in the UK recently called for hospital doctors to stop wearing ties.That leads to another question. Why does anyone wear a tie? Ties serve no purpose. They do not cover any part of your body and keep you warm. They always seem to get covered in food stains. Perhaps that is the purpose of the tie. It lets everyone know what you just ate.Ties have an odd history. Soldiers from Croatia, in Eastern Europe, served as mercenaries (雇佣军) in various conflicts in the 17th century. They were identified by brightly colored pieces of silk worn around the neck. Known as cravats(围巾), these became a popular fashion item in France and eventually evolved into the tie.It\'s an interesting story, but it doesn\'t tell us why men want to put useless pieces of cloth or silk around their necks. The answer seems to be about identification(身份证明 ). In the 19th-century Britain, ties were used by universities, military regiments (团), sports clubs, schools and gentleman\'s clubs. Each tie was in a particular set of colors which identified the wearer as a member of that organization. Wearing ties was also the mark of Britain\'s most powerful classes. That made the tie itself a symbol of power and respect. And that led it to be adopted by a much larger class-the business class.You cannot wear a tie if you work with machinery, so wearing a tie became a sign that you were a man who used his brain to make a living, rather than his hands. It showed you were serious. It showed you were a professional. It meant that everyone who wanted a job in business had to wear one. It was just impossible to take seriously a man who did not wear a piece of colored silk around his neck. This is how millions of people came to wear ties across the world.Is there a future for ties? The signs are not promising. Many political leaders, including British Prime Minister Tony Blair, now go without ties.Paragraph 2 ________.【单选题】

A.Origin of the tie

B.British ties

C.Uselessness of the tie

D.Old-fashioned ties

E.Role of the tie

F.Signs of a tieless era

正确答案:C

答案解析:第二段的主题句是第三句Ties serve no purpose（领带毫无用处）。C选项Uselessness of the tie与其意思一致，故C为正确答案。

3、Ford(1)Ford\'s great strength was the manufacturing process not invention. Long before he started a car company, he was a worker, known for picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning them into machines. He started putting cars together in 1891, although it was by no means the first popular automobile, the Model T showed the world just how creative Ford was at combining technology and market.(2)The company\'s assembly line alone. threw America\'s Industrial Revolution into overdrive(高速运转）. Instead of having workers put together the entire car, Ford\'s friends, who were great toolmakers from Scotland, organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a line. By the time Ford\' s Highland Park plant was humming (嗡嗡作响) along in 1914, the world\'s first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes.（3）The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the $5 a day minimum Wage scheme, the greatest contribution he had ever made. The average Wage in the auto industry then was $2. 34 for a9-hour shift. Ford not only doubled that he also took an hour off the workday. In those years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much for doing something that didn\'t involve an awful lot of training or education. The Wall Street Journal called the plan "an economic crime" and critics everywhere laughed at Ford.(4)But as the wage increased later to daily $10, it proved a critical component of Ford\'s dream to make the automobile accessible to all The critics were too stupid to understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car, the higher wages didn\'t matter, except for making it possible for more people to buy cars.Ford\'s higher-wage and lower-cost strategy was strongly ____【单选题】

A.criticized by the media

B.the low wage in the auto industry

C.own a car

D.Produce cars in large numbers

E.the 8-hour-shift practice

F.combined technology and market

正确答案:A

答案解析:A填入后整个句子说的是：Ford的高工资、低成本策略受到了传媒的批评。答案可以在第3和第4段中找到。

4、Desirable Qualities in a TeacherHere I want to try to give you an answer to the question: What personal qualities are desirable in a teacher? Probably no two people would draw up exactly similar lists, but I think the following would be generally accepted.First, the teacher\'s personality should be _____ live and attractive. This does not rule out people who are physically plain, or even ugly, because many such have great personal charm. I would say that excludes all of dull or purely negative personality. I still stick to what I said in my earlier book: that school children probably suffer more from bores than from brutes.Secondly, it is not merely desirable but essential for a teacher to have a great capacity for sympathy in the literal meaning of that word; a capacity to tune in to the minds and feelings of other people, especially, since most teachers are school teachers, to the minds and feelings of children. Closely related with this is the capacity to be tolerant not indeed, of what is wrong, but of frailty （脆弱) and immaturity of human nature which induce people, and again especially children, to make mistakes.Thirdly, I hold it essential for a teacher to be both intellectually and morally honest. This does not mean being a plaster saint. It means that he will be aware of his intellectual strengths.【单选题】

A.pleasant

B.pleasantly

C.well

D.satisfactorily

正确答案:B

答案解析:只有副词pleasantly可与其后形容词live和attractive搭配，意为“性情开朗、具有魅力”。

5、Gun Rights in the USImmediately after the shooting at Virginia Tech University, Americans gathered to mourn (致哀) the dead. The president and the state governer both hurried there to share the grief. But the majority of Americans still cling to their right to own weapons.Strictly speaking, the US is not the only country here gun violence has destroyed lives, families and communities in everyday circumstance. But the US is one of the few countries that seem unwilling and politically incapable of doing anything serious to stop it.In countries like Britain and Canada, the government adopted strict gun control soon after serious gun violence incidents. US leaders, however, are held hostage by the gun lobby (院外活动集团) and the electoral (选举) system.The powerful National Rifle Association, the major supporter of gun rights in the US, is too strong for any party to take on. Most Republicans oppose gun control anyway. Over the years, the Democrats have found that they can either campaign for gun control or win power, not both, they prefer power.According to the US Bureau of Justice Statistics, firearm (火器) incidents accounted for nine percent of the 4.7 million violent crimes in 2005. So although opinion polls show most Americans want stricter gun laws, many people don\'t want to give up their arms they keep to protect themselves.Dave Hancock, a Virginia gun lover, is one example. In an interview he said, "If one professor in the Virginia incident had been carrying a legal weapon, they might have been able to stop all this. "In his opinion, the massacre (大屠杀) is an argument for more people to carry weapons, not fewer.Americans\' clinging to the right to bear arms is not just a fear of crime, but a mistrust of ____, commented UK\'s Guardian newspaper.One Virginia resident, who had a permit to carry a concealed (隐藏的) firearm, told the Guardian that it was every American\'s responsibility to have a gun."Each person," he said, "should not rely solely on the government for protection."【单选题】

A.guards

B.government

C.students

D.professors

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要认真阅读文章，理解好句意。文章此处是说“美国人持有枪支的根源在于对政府的不信任”，问题是和政府有关系的，最佳答案是B。本题也可先看选项，得到信息提示。