2021年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、SemcoAt 21, Ricardo Semler became boss of his father-s business in Brazil, Semco, which sold parts for ships. Semler Junior worked like a madman, from 7:30 am. , until midnight every day. One afternoon, while touring a factory in New York, he collapsed. The doctor who treated him said, "There\'s nothing wrong with you. But if you continue like this, you\'ll find a new home in our hospital." Semler got the message. He changed the way he worked. In fact, he changed the way his employees worked too.He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong. He allowed them to set their own salaries, and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary, like receptionists and secretaries. This saved money and brought more equality to the company. "Everyone at Semco, even top managers, meets guests in reception, does the photocopying, sends faxes, types letters and dials the phone."He completely reorganized the office, instead of walls, they have plants at Semco, so bosses can\'t shut themselves away from everyone else. And the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want. As for uniforms, some people wear suits and others wear T - shirts.Semler says, "We have a sales manager named Rubin Agater who sits there reading the newspaper hour after hour. He doesn\'t even pretend to be busy. But when a Semco pump an the other side of the world fails and millions of gallons of oil are about to spill into the sea, Rubin springs into action.He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them. That\'s when he earns his salary. No one cares if he doesn\'t look busy the rest of the time."Semco has flexible working hours, the employees decide when they need to arrive at work, The employees also evaluate their bosses twice a year. Also, Semco lets its workers use the company\'s machines for their own projects, and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.It sounds perfect, but does it work? The answer is in the numbers. In the last six years, Semco\'s revenues have gone from $ 35 million to $ 212 million. The company has grown from eight hundred employees to 3,000, Why?Semler says it\'s because of "peer pressure". Peer pressure makes everyone work hard for everyone else. ____ In other words, Ricardo Semler treats his workers like adults and expects them to act like adults, And they do. 【单选题】

A.Also, Semco lets its workers use the company\'s machines for their own projects, and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.

B.Most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work.

C.This saved money and brought more equality to the company.

D.And the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want.

E.He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them.

F.If someone isn\'t doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue.

正确答案:F

答案解析:本题的难度不大，因为已经剩下两个选项，采用排除法和代入法，能很快确定答案。可以分别把B，F两项代入文章里，可以发现，B可以排除掉，而F完全符合上下文句意，前一句谈到了同事之间的心理压力会让每个人都为了别人而努力工作，F是对这一句的进一步阐述，所以答案是F。

2、Importance of Children\'s Oral HealthFebruary is National Children\'s Dental(牙齿的) Health Month, but in children good oral(口部的) care is critical every day. The first comprehensive study on the nation\'s oral health, released recently by the Office of the U. S. Surgeon General, calls dental and oral diseases a "silent epidemic (流行病)", even in children. The report states that more than 51 million school hours are lost each year to dental - related illness. In fact, a recent study pointed to dental care as the most common unmet health need among American children.To help counter this, the American Academy of Periodontology (牙周病学) (AAP) is launching an effort to educate children and parents about the prevention of dental diseases in children."This is important because oral problems can impact self - esteem for children and lead to problems of eating, speaking and attending to learning," said Michael McGuire, president of the AAP.Common dental problems seen in children are cavities (龋洞) and gingivitis (龈炎), which are found in the majority of U. S. children. "When these problems are not caught early and treated, they can develop into more severe problems and cause unnecessary suffering," said McGuire. "However, much of the time, oral problems are avoidable problems."In the Rio Grande Valley in Texas, a group of more than 120 dentists(牙医) volunteers to deliver dental care to thousands of low - income children each year with its Mobile Dental Unit that travels from school to school."According to the Surgeon General\'s Report, about 37 percent of children have not had a dental visit before starting school," said McGuire. When children don\'t see dentists, they miss the opportunity to have problems caught early before they develop into larger, more expensive problems to treat, and parents miss the opportunity to learn how to promote good oral habits in their children.Only in February should attention be paid to children\'s oral health.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，带者题干信息词回文章定位，答案依据在文章第一段第一句：February is National Children\'s Dental Health month，but in children goodoral care is critical every day.谈到儿童口腔每天的护理很重要，本题和原文句意不符，答案是B。

3、Cancer1. Cancer is a group of many related diseases that begin in cells, the body\'s basic building blocks. The body is made up of many types of cells. Normally, cells grow and divide to produce more cells as they are needed to keep the body healthy. Sometimes, this orderly process goes wrong. New cells form when the body does not need them, and old cells do not die when they should. The extra cells form a mass of tissue called a growth or tumor(肿瘤). Benign(良性的) tumors are not cancer. They can often be removed and, in most cases, they do not come back. Malignant (恶性的) tumors are cancer. Cells in malignant tumors are abnormal and divide without control or order.2. Scientists have learned that cancer is caused by changes in genes that normally control the growth and death of cells. Certain lifestyle and environmental factors can change some normal genes into genes that allow the growth of cancer. Many gene changes that lead to cancer are the result of tobacco use, diet, exposure to ultraviolet(紫外线的) radiation from the sun, or exposure to carcinogens (致症物) in the workplace or in the environment. Some gene alterations are inherited.3. Cancer treatment can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy(化疗), hormone therapy, and biological therapy. The doctor may use one method or a combination of methods, depending on the type and location of the cancer, whether the disease has spread, the patient\'s age and general health and other factors. Because treatment for cancer can also damage healthy cells and tissues, it often causes side effects. Patients and doctors generally discuss the treatment options, weighting the likely benefits of killing cancer cells and the risks of possible side effects.4. Having cancer does not always mean having pain. Whether a patient has pain may depend on the type of cancer, the extent of the disease and the patient\'s tolerance for pain. Most pain occurs when the cancer grows and presses against bones, organs, or nerves. Pain may also be a side effect of treatment. However, pain can generally be relieved or reduced with prescription medicines or over - the - counter drugs recommended by the doctor.Paragraph 3 ______【单选题】

A.How is cancer treated?

B.Does cancer always cause pain?

C.Can cancer be prevented?

D.What is cancer?

E.How common is cancer?

F.What causes cancer?

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度也不大，段落主旨句比较明显，是文章第三段的第一句，谈到癌症治疗包括手术疗法，放射线疗法，化疗，激素疗法和生物疗法。回来看选项，A项How is cancer treated?，癌症如何治疗？简单概括了本段意思，是答案。

4、CancerCancer is a group of many related diseases that begin in cells, the body\'s basic building blocks. The body is made up of many types of cells. Normally cells grow and divide to produce more cells as they are needed to keep the body healthy. Sometimes, this orderly process goes wrong. New cells form when the body does not need them, and old cells do not die when they should. The extra cells form a mass of tissue called a growth or tumor. Benign (良性的) tumors are not cancer. They can often be removed and, in most cases, they do not come back. Malignant (恶性的) tumors are cancer. Cells in malignant tumors are abnormal and divide without control or order.Scientists have learned that cancer is caused by changes in genes that normally control the growth and death of cells. Certain lifestyle and environmental factors can change some normal genes into genes that allow the growth of cancer. Many gene changes that lead to cancer are the result of tobacco use, diet, exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun, or exposure to carcinogens (致癌物) in the workplace or in the environment. Some gene alterations are inherited.Cancer treatment can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy （化疗), hormone therapy, and biological therapy. The doctor may use one method or a combination of methods, depending on the type and location of the cancer, whether the disease has spread, the patient\'s age and general health, and other factors. Because treatment for cancer can also damage healthy cells and tissues, it often causes side effects. Patients and doctors generally discuss the treatment options, weighing the likely benefits of killing cancer cells and the risks of possible side effects.Having cancer does not always mean having pain. Whether a patient has pain may depend on the type of cancer, the extent of the disease, and the patient\'s tolerance for pain. Most pain occurs when the cancer grows and presses against bones, organs, or nerves. Pain may also be a side effect of treatment. However, pain can generally be relieved or reduced with prescription medicines or over-the-counter drugs recommended by the doctor.Paragraph 2____.【单选题】

A.Does cancer always cause pain

B.Can cancer be prevented

C.What is cancer

D.How common is cancer

E.What causes cancer

F.How is cancer treated

正确答案:E

答案解析:第二段主题句为第一句，其意思是：科学家研究证明，癌症是由正常情况下控制细胞生长和死亡的基因发生突变引起的。由此推断，该段回答了E选项“What causes cancer?”所提问题，故E为正确答案。

5、They say Ireland\'s the BestIreland is the best place in the world to live in for 2005, according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britain\'s Economist magazine last week.The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only measure of human satisfaction and well-being.The index of 111 countries uses data on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, gender equality as well as what the magazine calls "freedom, family and community life".Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion (拥挤), gender inequality, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of 10.That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8.07. Zimbabwe, troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest (最差的) , picking up only 3.89 points."Although rising incomes and increased individual choices are highly valued, " the report said, "some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact."Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as stable family and community life. "The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do, and that its findings would have their critics.No. 2 on the list is Switzerland. The other nations in the top 10 are Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden, Australia, Iceland, Italy, Denmark and Spain.The UK is positioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower half the league at 60th.For 2,005 years, Ireland has been the best place for humans to live in.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:B

答案解析:句子中的时间状语结构恰恰就是我们所说的一种可作为线索的特征结构（因为数字容易在文章中被查找到），我们利用2，005作为答案线索，在文章中找到答案相关句中提到的是“for 2005（对2005年而言）”，不是问题句中说的“for 2，005 years（在2005年的时间里）”，而且画线结构说“爱尔兰2005年被选为世界上最适合居住的地方”，显然这个内容与问题句的内容不一致，判断问题句的说法错误。

6、Breast Cancer Deaths Record LowThe number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to a record low by dropping under 12,000 a year for the first time since records began.The Cancer\' Research UK data showed that 11.990 women died in the UK in 2007.The previous lowest figure had been recorded in 1971-the year records began-after which it rose steadily year by year until the late 1980s.Professor Peter Johnson, Cancer Research UK\'s chief clinician. said: "It\'s incredibly encouraging to see fewer women dying from breast cancer now than at any time in the last 40 years, despite breast cancer being diagnosed more often.""Research has played a crucial role in this progress leading to improved treatments and better management for women with the disease.""The introduction of the NHS (国民保健制度) breast screening 3 program has also contributed as women are more likely to survive the earlier cancer is diagnosed."Breast cancer is now the most common cancer in the UK with 45,500 women every year diagnosed with the disease - a 50% rise in 25 years.The number of deaths peaked in 1989, when 15,625 women died. It then fell by between 200 and 400 deaths each year until 2004.There was a slight rise in 2005 and then two years of falls.Dr. Sarah Cant, policy manager at Breakthrough Breast Cancer said: "It is great news that fewer women are dying from breast cancer and highlights the impact of improved treatments, breast screening and awareness of the disease. ""However, this is still too many women and incidence of the disease is increasing year by year. "The rising rate of breast cancer diagnosis has been put down to a variety of factors including obesity(肥胖) and alcohol consumption.11,990 women died from breast cancer in the UK in 2007.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，带着题干信息词回文章定位，答案依据在文章第二段这一句：The Cancer Research UK data showed that 11，990 women died in the UK in 2007.谈到癌症研究数据显示2007年英国有11，990妇女死于乳腺癌，所以本题正确，答案是A。

7、Acceptance of Chronic IllnessFor chronically ill patients, giving up the hope that they will get better may actually lead to more happiness, U. S. researchers suggest."Hope is an important part of happiness, but there\'s a dark side of hope. Sometimes, if hope makes people put off getting on with their life, it can get in the way of happiness," Dr. Peter A. Ubel from the University of Michigan Health System said in a university news release.He and his colleagues studied patients who\'d just had a colostomy (结肠造口术), which means their colons (结肠) were removed and they had to have bowel (肠) movements in a pouch (小袋) outside the body. At the time of the surgery, some patients were told the procedure was reversible and they\'d have a second operation in a few months to reconnect their bowels. Other patients were told the colostomy was permanent.The patients were followed for six months, and the researchers found that those without hope of regaining normal bowel function were happier than those with reversible colostomies."We think they were happier because they got on with their life. They realized the cards they were dealt, and recognized that they had no choice but to play with those cards," Ubel said. "The other group was waiting for their colostomy to be reversed. They contrasted their current life with the life they hoped to lead, and didn\'t make the best of their current situation. "The study, published in the November edition of Health Psychology, also may explain why people whose spouse dies often recover better emotionally over time than those who get divorced, the researchers said.That\'s because people whose husband or wife dies have closure (结束), while those who get divorced may still have hope for some chance of making up, they explained.What had happened to the patients under study? ______【单选题】

A.They had just survived an accident.

B.They had just had an operation.

C.They had just injured their colons.

D.They had just made some pouches.

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，在文章第三段，第三段谈到，这位教授和他的同事研究了刚做完结肠造口术的病人，换句话说，病人刚做过手术，回来看选项，B项和原文句意相符，是答案。

8、Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred YearsA hundred years ago, life expectancy in developed countries was about 47 in the early 21st century, men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74. Women to about 80, and these ages are rising all the time. What has brought about these changes? When we look at the life span of people 100 years ago, we need to look at the greatest killers of the time. In the early 20th century, these were the acute and oftenhighly infectious diseases such as smallpox. Many children died very young from these diseases and others, and the weak and elderly were always at risk.In the developed world these diseases are far less deadly today, and in some cases have almost disappeared. A number of factors have led to this: improvements in sanitation and hygiene, the discovery and use of antibiotics, which make bacterial diseases much less dangerous, and vaccinations against common diseases. In addition , people\'s general health has improved with improvements in our general environment: cleaner air, better means of preserving food, better and warmer housing, and better understanding of nutrition.Genetically, we should all be able to live to about 85 but while people do live longer today, there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age. The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses, such as heart disease and strokes, and those ____ by viruses, such as influenza and AIDS. Of course, cancer is a huge killer as well. In most cases these diseases affect older people, but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity leading to more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.The killers today can be classed as "lifestyle diseases", which means that it may be possible to halt their progress.【单选题】

A.spread

B.affected

C.produced

D.created

正确答案:A

答案解析:those指代流感和艾滋病等靠病毒传播的疾病，those后面的动词是过去分词作定语。spread的过去分词与原形相同。

9、Youth Emancipation in SpainThe Spanish Government is so worried about the number of young adults still living with their parents that it has decided to help them leave the nest.Around 55 percent of people aged 18 ～ 34 in Spain still sleep in their parents\' home, says the latest report from the country\'s state - run Institute of Youth.To coax (劝诱) young people from their homes, the Institute started a "Youth Emancipation(解放)" programme this month. The programme offers guidance in finding rooms and jobs.Economists blame young people\'s family dependence on the precarious (不稳定的) labour market and increasing housing prices. Housing prices have risen 17 percent a year since 2000.Cultural reasons also contribute to the problem, say sociologists (社会学家). Family ties in south Europe (Italy, Portugal and Greece) are stronger than those in middle and north Europe, said Spanish sociologist Almudena Moreno Minguez in her report "The Late Emancipation of Spanish Youth: Key for Understanding"."In general, young people in Spain firmly believe in the family as the main body around which their private life is organized," said Minguez.In Spain, especially in the countryside, it is not uncommon to find entire groups of aunts, uncles, cousins, nieces and nephews (外甥／侄子) all living on the same street. They regularly get together for Sunday dinner.Parents tolerance is another factor. Spanish parents accept late - night partying and are wary of setting bedtime rules."A child can arrive home at whatever time he wants. If parents complain he\'ll put up a fight and call the father a fascist," said Jose Antonio Gomez Yanez, a sociologist at Carlos Ill University in Madrid.Mothers willingness to do children\'s household chores (家务) worsens the problem. Dionisio Masso, a 60 - year - old in Madrid, has three children in their 20s, The eldest 28, has a girlfriend and a job. But life with mum is good."His mum does the wash and cooks for him, in the end, he lives well," Masso said.The "Youth Emancipation" programme aims at helping young people ______.【单选题】

A.live in an independent way

B.fight for freedom

C.fight against social injustice

D.get rid of family responsibilities

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，虽然题干词汇在第三段出现，但只要认真从文章第一段读起，找到答案依据不难。答案依据在第一段，it has to decided to help them to leave the nest，帮助年轻人独立地生活，所以答案是A。

10、Driving after drinkingThe legal limit for driving after drinking alcohol is 80 milligrams of alcohol in 100 millilitres of blood, when tested. But there is no sure way of telling how much you can drink before you reach this limit. It varies with each person depending on your weight, your sex, what you\'ve just eaten and what sort of drinks you\'ve had. Some people might reach their limit after only about three standard drinks.In fact, your driving ability can be affected by just one or two drinks. Even if you\'re below the legal limit, you could still be taken to court if a police officer thinks your driving has been affected by alcohol.It takes about an hour for the body to get rid of the alcohol in one standard drink. So, if you have a heavy drinking in the evening you might find that your driving ability is still affected the next morning, or you could even find that you\'re still over the legal limit. In addition, if you\'ve had a few drinks at lunchtime, another one or two drinks in the early evening may well put you over the legal limit.In a test with professional drivers, the more alcoholic drinks they had had, the more certain they were that they could drive a test course through a set of movable posts…and the less able they were to do it! So the only way to be sure you\'re safe is not to drink at all.Alcohol is a major cause of road traffic accidents. One in three of the drivers killed in road accidents have levels of alcohol which are over the legal limit, and road accidents after drinking are the biggest cause of death among young men. More than half of the people stopped by the police to take a breath test have a blood alcohol concentration of more than twice the legal limit.It is important to remember that driving after you\'ve been drinking doesn\'t just affect you. If you\'re involved in an accident it affects a lot of other people as well, not least the person you might kill or injure.The amount of alcohol a driver can drink within the legal limit is____.【单选题】

A.about 80mg of pure alcohol

B.about three standard drinks

C.in proportion to his weight

D.varying with different people

正确答案:D

答案解析:细节考查题。答案参见第一段，酒后驾车的法律限制是测试时每100毫升血液中含80毫克酒精，但是喝多少酒会达到这种限制因人而异。故正确答案为D。