2024年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编每天为您准备了5道每日一练题目（附答案解析），一步一步陪你备考，每一次练习的成功，都会淋漓尽致的反映在分数上。一起加油前行。

1、Nurse! I Want My MummyWhen a child is ill in hospital, a parent\'s first reaction is to be with them.Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep overnight with their child, providing a bed ｏｒsofa on the ward.But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon (不赞同) — it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children would be upｓｅｔwhen their parents left, ａｎｄ　so there was a blanket (通用的) ban.A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed ａｎｄ　her study "Nurse, I want my mummy!" published in 1974, ____ the face "paediatric (儿科的) nursing.Martin Johnson, a professｏｒof nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care."Pamela\'s study was done against the background of a lively debate in paediatrics ａｎｄ　psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world ａｎｄ　the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in hospital.""The idea was that if mum came to visita small child in hospital the child would be upｓｅｔａｎｄ　inconsolable (无法安慰的) fｏｒhours. ""Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. ""Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was ever coming back.""To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit.""But children were alone ａｎｄ　depressed, so Hawthorn said parents should be allowed to visit."Dr. Peter Carter, chief executive ａｎｄ　general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal (开创性的)."Her research put an end to the days when parents handed their children over to strangers at the doｏｒof the hospital ward.""As a result of her work, parents are now recognized as partners in care ａｎｄ　are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children while they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents\' ａｎｄ　children\'s experience of care." 【单选题】

A.changed

B.examined

C.covered

D.cleaned

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，考查词义辨析，可以先看选项得到信息提示。文章此处是说“她的研究改变了儿科护理的面貌”，答案是A。

2、The increase in the number of cars may give rise to air pollution.【单选题】

A.invent

B.cause

C.lead

D.decrease

正确答案:B

答案解析:give rise to和cause同义：使发生、引起；invent:发明、创造；lead:领导、带领；decrease:减少。

3、The Ideal HusbandScience now might be able to explain women\'s fascination with Brad Pitt\'s face ａｎｄ　George Clooney\'s eyes. Women seem to judge potential mate by how masculine their features are, new research shows. Men with square jaws ａｎｄ　well-defined brow ridges are seen as good short-term partners, while those with more feminine traits such as a rounder face ａｎｄ　fuller lips are perceived as better long-term mates.In the study by Daniel Kruger at the US\'s University of Michigan, 854 subjects viewed a series of male head shots that had been digitally changed to exaggerate ｏｒminimize masculine traits. They then . answered questions about how they expected the men in the photos to behave.Most participants said that those with more masculine features were ____ to be risky, competitive, ａｎｄ　more apt to fight, challenge bosses, cheat on spouses ａｎｄ　put less effort into parenting. Those with more feminine faces were seen as good parents ａｎｄ　husbands, hard workers ａｎｄ　emotionally supportive mates.But, despite all the negative characteristics, when asked who they would choose fｏｒa short-term relationship, women selected the more masculine looking men. Brad ａｎｄ　George, both chiseled jaws ａｎｄ　well-defined brows, then would be good fｏｒa brief romance, not fｏｒsomething longer.The study was published in the December issue of the US journal Personal Relationships.Kruger said that from an evolutionary perspective, this makes sense. The key is testosterone, the hormone responsible fｏｒthe development of masculine facial features ａｎｄ　other sexual characteristics. It has been found to affect the body\'s ability to fight disease: men with high levels of the hormone are typically strong ａｎｄ　healthy- traits women want to pass on to their children.However, increased testosterone has also been linked to cheating ａｎｄ　violence in relationships. So, these men might produce high quality offspring, but they don\'t always make great parents ｏｒfaithful mates, Kruger says.The scientific community have shown skepticism toward physiognomy, which links facial characteristics to certain behavioral traits. But Kruger argues that the research is a valuable tool fｏｒunderstanding mating strategies. And, of course, fｏｒexplaining why Tony Leung ａｎｄ　Takeshi Kanesshiro have millions of female fans. It might have to do with their genes. ｏｒsomething to do with ours.【单选题】

A.likely

B.possible

C.probable

D.necessary

正确答案:A

答案解析:likely：可能的；possible:可能的；probable:可能的；necessary:必然的。合适的选项是likely。其他的选项填入后生成的都是错误的句子。

4、Happy Marriage, Happy HeartHappily married people have lower blood pressure than unhappily married people ｏｒsingles, a Brigham Young University study says.On the other hand, even having a supportive social network did not translate into a blood pressure benefit fｏｒsingles ｏｒunhappily married people, according to the study."There seems to be some unique health benefits from marriage. It\'s not just being named that benefits health-what\'s really the most protective of health is having a happy marriage," study authｏｒJulianne Holt Lunstad, a psychologist who specializes in relationships ａｎｄ　health, said in a prepared statement.The study included 204 married ａｎｄ　99 single adults who wore portable blood - pressure monitors fｏｒ24 hours. The monitors recorded blood pressure at random intervals ａｎｄ　provided a total of about 72 readings."We wanted to capture participants\' blood pressure doing whatever they normally do in everyday life. Getting one ｏｒtwo readings in a clinic is not really representative of the fluctuations (波动) that occur throughout the day," Holt Lunstad said.Overall, happily married people scored four points ____ on the blood pressure readings than single adults. The study also found that blood pressure among married people, especially those in happy marriages dropped more during sleep than in single people."Research has shown that people whose blood pressure remains high throughout the night are at much greater risk of heart disease than people whose blood pressure drops," Holt Lunstad said.The study was published in the March 20 issue of the journal Annals (年刊) of Behavioral Medicine.The study also found that unhappily married adults have higher blood pressure than both happily married ａｎｄ　single adults.Holt Lunstad noted that married couples can encourage healthy habits in one another, such as eating a healthy diet ａｎｄ　having regular doctｏｒvisits. People in happy marriages also have a source of emotional support, she said. 【单选题】

A.most

B.lower

C.higher

D.least

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题难度不大，考查词义辨析。后面出现了than，很明显，文章此处是说“婚姻幸福的成年人比未婚的成年人血压低4个读数”，答案是B。

5、Human Heart Can Make New CellsSolving a longstanding (为时甚久的) mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues to generate new cardiac(心脏的 ) cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.The finding, published in the April 3 issue of Science, could open a new path fｏｒthe treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure ａｎｄ　heart attack, experts say."We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes (心肌细胞), are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen, a professｏｒof stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. "It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we are born with ｏｒif they could be renewed," he said.The process of renewing these cells changes over time, Frisen added. In a 20 - year - old, about I percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year, but the turnover (更替) rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75."If we can understａｎｄ　how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated, it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals (药物) that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after, fｏｒexample, a heart attack," Frisen said.That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts."A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure," noted co - authｏｒDr. Ratan Bhardwaj, also from the Karolinska Institute. "Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said.With this finding, scientists are "opening the doｏｒto potential therapies (疗法) to having ourselves heal ourselves." Bhardwaj said. "Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new ａｎｄ　more cells to overcome the problem they are facing. "But barriers remain. According to Bhardwaj, scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off, especially in older patients with heart failure. In addition, the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts-whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.In people in their mid -70s, only 0. 45 percent of cardiomyocytes ______.【单选题】

A.are still functional

B.are reduced each year

C.are replaced each year

D.are damaged each year

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显。带着题干信息词回文章定位，答案依据是文章第四段第二句，谈到到了75岁，心肌细胞的更新率就降到每年0. 45%，换句话说，到75岁时．每年只有0. 45%的心肌细胞被更新，回来看选项，C项和原文句意相符，是答案。