2022年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编每天为您准备了5道每日一练题目（附答案解析），一步一步陪你备考，每一次练习的成功，都会淋漓尽致的反映在分数上。一起加油前行。

1、Hurricanes1 Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names ware simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. But in 1953, female names were given because of the unpredictability factｏｒof the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist nature of such named, the lists were expanded to include both men ａｎｄ　women.2 Hurricanes ａｎｄ　typhoons are the same things. If they form in the Atlantic, we call these strong storms hurricanes, from the West Indian word hurricane, meaning "big wind. " ａｎｄ　if they are pacific storms, they are called typhoons from the Chinese taifun, meaning "great wind. " To be classified as a hurricane, the storm must have maximum winds of at least 75 mph. These storms are big, many hundreds of miles in diameter.3 Hurricanes get their power from water vapｏｒas it gives out its stored-up energy. All water vapｏｒgives out heat as it condenses from a gaseous state to a liquid state over fixed points on the equator. To make a hurricane, you must have extremely wet, warm air, the kind of air that can only be found in tropical regions.4 Scientists have determined that the heat given out in the process of water condensation can be as high as 95 billion kilowatts per hours. In just one day alone, the storm can produce more energy than many industrialized nations need in an entire year! The problem is that we don\'t know how to make such great energy work fｏｒus.5 Predicting the path of a hurricane is one of the most difficult tasks fｏｒforecasters, it moves at a typical speed of 15 mph. But not always. Some storms may race along at twice this speed, then suddenly stop ａｎｄ　remain in the same location in the ocean fｏｒseveral days. It can be maddening if you live in a coastal area that may be hit.6 The biggest advance in early detection is continuous watch from weather satellites. With these, we can see the storms form ａｎｄ　track them fully, from birth to death. While they can still kill people ａｎｄ　destroy property, hurricanes will never surprise any nation again.Paragraph 1____【单选题】

A.A Short History of Naming Hurricanes

B.Harnessing the Hurricane Energy

C.Difficulty in Forecasting the Course of a Hurricane

D.Huge Energy Stored in a Hurricane

E.Forecast a Hurricane Through Satellite Watching

F.No Much Difference Between Hurricane ａｎｄ　Typhoon

正确答案:A

答案解析:本段简略地回顾了飓风起名的历史。1950年前，飓风只是以数字形式表示。1950年之后有了名称。1953年之后飓风以女性的名字命名。到了1979年，才以男性和女性的名字命名。

2、Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred YearsA hundred years ago, life expectancy in developed countries was about 47 in the early 21st century, men in the United States ａｎｄ　the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74. Women to about 80, ａｎｄ　these ages are rising all the time. What has brought about these changes? When we look at the life span of people 100 years ago, we need to look at the greatest ____ of the time. In the early 20th century, these were the acute ａｎｄ　oftenhighly infectious diseases such as smallpox. Many children died very young from these diseases ａｎｄ　others, ａｎｄ　the weak ａｎｄ　elderly were always at risk.In the developed world these diseases are far less deadly today, ａｎｄ　in some cases have almost disappeared. A number of factors have led to this: improvements in sanitation ａｎｄ　hygiene, the discovery ａｎｄ　use of antibiotics, which make bacterial diseases much less dangerous, ａｎｄ　vaccinations against common diseases. In addition , people\'s general health has improved with improvements in our general environment: cleaner air, better means of preserving food, better ａｎｄ　warmer housing, ａｎｄ　better understanding of nutrition.Genetically, we should all be able to live to about 85 but while people do live longer today, there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age. The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses, such as heart disease ａｎｄ　strokes, ａｎｄ　those spread by viruses, such as influenza ａｎｄ　AIDS. Of course, cancer is a huge killer as well. In most cases these diseases affect older people, but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity leading to more heart disease ａｎｄ　illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.The killers today can be classed as "lifestyle diseases", which means that it may be possible to halt their progress.【单选题】

A.people

B.killers

C.invention

D.nation

正确答案:B

答案解析:从下一句可以看出此处应指那些不治之症。

3、MemoriesMost episodes of absent-mindedness forgetting where you left something ｏｒwondering why you just entered a room are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter. "You are supposed to remember something, but you haven\'t encoded it deeply."Encoding, Schacter says, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a majｏｒimpact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, fｏｒexample, ａｎｄ　don\'t pay attention to what you did because you are involved in a conversation, you will probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe. "Your memory itself isn\'t failing you," says Schacter. " Rather, you didn\'t give your memory system the information it needed. "Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. "A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago," says Zelinski, "may not remember to ｄｒｅｐa letter in the mailbox. " Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, ａｎｄ　memory relies on just that.Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness, says Sclnacter." ____,"he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table don\'t leave it in the medicine chest ａｎｄ　write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.Another common episode of absent-mindedness: walking into a room ａｎｄ　wondering why you are there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. "Everyone does this from time to time," says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, ａｎｄ　you will likely remember.【单选题】

A.Encoding, Schacter says, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a majｏｒimpact on recalling it later

B.Rather, you didn\'t give your memory system the information it needed

C.The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, ａｎｄ　you will likely remember

D.They are more interested in what\'s happening around them

E.But be sure the cue is clear ａｎｄ　available.

F.Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness

正确答案:E

答案解析:本段说的是视觉线索的问题，因此所选句也应该围绕cue这个话题。很明显，只有E答案能够与上下文连贯。

4、The Ideal HusbandScience now might be able to explain women\'s fascination with Brad Pitt\'s face ａｎｄ　George Clooney\'s eyes. Women seem to judge potential mate by how masculine their features are, new research shows. Men with square jaws ａｎｄ　well-defined brow ridges are seen as good short-term partners, while those with more feminine traits such as a rounder face ａｎｄ　fuller lips are perceived as better long-term mates.In the study by Daniel Kruger at the US\'s University of Michigan, 854 subjects viewed a series of male head shots that had been digitally changed to exaggerate ｏｒminimize masculine traits. They then . answered questions about how they expected the men in the photos to behave.Most participants said that those with more masculine features were likely to be risky, competitive, ａｎｄ　more apt to fight, challenge bosses, cheat on spouses ａｎｄ　put less effort into parenting. Those with more feminine faces were seen as good parents ａｎｄ　husbands, hard workers ａｎｄ　emotionally supportive mates.But, despite all the negative characteristics, when asked who they would choose fｏｒa short-term relationship, women selected the more masculine looking men. Brad ａｎｄ　George, both chiseled jaws ａｎｄ　well-defined brows, then would be good fｏｒa brief romance, not fｏｒsomething longer.The study was published in the December issue of the US journal Personal Relationships.Kruger said that from an evolutionary perspective, this makes sense. The key is testosterone, the hormone responsible ____ the development of masculine facial features ａｎｄ　other sexual characteristics. It has been found to affect the body\'s ability to fight disease: men with high levels of the hormone are typically strong ａｎｄ　healthy- traits women want to pass on to their children.However, increased testosterone has also been linked to cheating ａｎｄ　violence in relationships. So, these men might produce high quality offspring, but they don\'t always make great parents ｏｒfaithful mates, Kruger says.The scientific community have shown skepticism toward physiognomy, which links facial characteristics to certain behavioral traits. But Kruger argues that the research is a valuable tool fｏｒunderstanding mating strategies. And, of course, fｏｒexplaining why Tony Leung ａｎｄ　Takeshi Kanesshiro have millions of female fans. It might have to do with their genes. ｏｒsomething to do with ours.【单选题】

A.of

B.at

C.for

D.in

正确答案:C

答案解析:这四个都是介词。responsible后面跟for。

5、Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in TeensWhile some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to "self-medicate" against the blues, scientists at the University of Toronto ａｎｄ　the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually increasedepressive symptoms in some teens."This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived emotional benefits of smoking among teens," says lead researcher Michael Chaiton, a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto." Although cigarettes may appear to have self-medicating effects ｏｒto improve mood, in the long term we found that teens who started to smoke reported higher depressive symptoms. "As part of the study, some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires about their use of cigarettes to affect mood. Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French ａｎｄ　English participants, urban ａｎｄ　rural schools, ａｎｄ　schools located in high, moderate ａｎｄ　low socioeconomic neighborhoods. Participants were divided into three groups: never smokers; smokers who did not use cigarettes to self-medicate, improve mood ｏｒphysical state; smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate. Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how felt too fired to do things: had ____ going to sleep ｏｒstaying asleep; felt unhappy, sad, ｏｒdepressed; felt hopeless about the future; felt vexed, antsy ｏｒtense; ａｎｄ　worried too much about things."Smokers who used cigarettes as mood improvers had higher risks of elevated depressive symptoms than teens who had never smoked," says co-researcher Jennifer O\'Loughlin, a professｏｒat the University of Montreal Department of Social ａｎｄ　Preventive Medicine. "Our study found that teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are at higher risk of developing depressive symptoms."The association between depression ａｎｄ　smoking exists principally among teens that use cigarettes to feel better. "It\'s important to emphasize that depressive symptom scores were higher among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke," says Dr. Chaiton.【单选题】

A.time

B.courage

C.energy

D.trouble

正确答案:D

答案解析:本段介绍了问卷包含的问题。作者罗列的问题都是负面的，如乏力、失眠、烦躁等，所以填入空格的词也应该是负面的。trouble符合这个要求，是本题的答案。