2024年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编每天为您准备了5道每日一练题目（附答案解析），一步一步陪你备考，每一次练习的成功，都会淋漓尽致的反映在分数上。一起加油前行。

1、Cell Phone Lets Your Secret OutYour cell phone holds secrets about you. Besides the names ａｎｄ　numbers that you\'ve programmed into it, traces of your DNA linger on the device, according to a new study.DNA is genetic material that appears in every cell. Like your fingerprint, your DNA is unique to you- because you have an identical twin. Scientists today routinely analyze DNA in blood, saliva, ｏｒhair left ______ at the scene of a crime. The results often help detectives identify criminals ａｎｄ　their victims. Your cell phone can reveal more about you than you might think.Meghan J. McFadden, a scientist at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, heard about a crime in which the suspect bled onto a cell phone ａｎｄ　later dropped the device. This made her wonder whether traces of DNA lingered on cell phones even when no blood was involved. So she ａｎｄ　colleague Margaret Wallace of the City University of New York analyzed the flip open phones of 10 volunteers. They used swabs to collect invisible traces of the users from two parts of the phone: the outside, where the user holds it, ａｎｄ　the speaker, which is placed at the user\'s ear.The scientists scrubbed the phones using a solution made mostly of alcohol. The aim of washing was to remove all detectable traces of DNA. The owners got their phones back fｏｒanother week. Then the researchers collected the phones ａｎｄ　repeated the swabbing of each phone once more.The scientists discovered DNA that belonged to the phone\'s speaker on each of the phones. Better samples were collected from the outside of each phone, those swabs also picked up DNA that belonged to other people who had apparently also handled the phone. Surprisingly, DNA showed up even in swabs that were taken immediately after the phones were scrubbed. That suggests that washing won\'t remove all traces of evidence from a criminal\'s device. So cell phones can now be added to the list of clues that can clinch a crime scene investigation.【单选题】

A.about

B.in

C.for

D.behind

正确答案:D

答案解析:leave behind是固定搭配，意即：留下。此处leave使用的是过去分词形式。

2、In the process, the light energy converts to heat energy.【单选题】

A.reduces

B.changes

C.leaves

D.drops

正确答案:B

答案解析:在这个过程中，光能转化成热能。本题难度不大，converts指“转变”，通常与to或者into搭配，和changes“变化”是近义词，其他三项都是常用词，和答案意义差异较大，干扰性不强。

3、Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular RiskBreastfeeding can reduce the risk of a heart attack ｏｒstroke later in life ａｎｄ　could prevent hundreds of thousands of deaths each year, researchers said on Friday. Babies who are breastfed have fewer childhood infections ａｎｄ　allergies ａｎｄ　are less prone to obesity. British scientists have now shown that breastfeeding ａｎｄ　slow growth in the first weeks ａｎｄ　months of life has a protective effect against cardiovascular disease. "Diets that promote more rapid growth put babies at risk many years later in terms of raising their blood pressure, raising their cholesterol ａｎｄ　increasing their tendency to diabetes ａｎｄ　obesity-the four main risk factors fｏｒstroke ａｎｄ　heart attack." said ProfessｏｒAlan Lucas of the Institute of Child Health in London. "Our evidence suggests that the reason why breast-fed babies do better is because they grow more slowly in the early weeks."Lucas said the effects of breastfeeding on blood pressure ａｎｄ　cholesterol later in life are greater than anything adults can do to control the risk factors fｏｒcardiovascular disease, other than taking drugs. An estimated 17 million people die of cardiovascular disease, particularly heart attack ａｎｄ　strokes, each year, according to the World Health Organization. Lucas ａｎｄ　his colleagues compared the health of 216 teenagers who as babies had either been breastfed ｏｒgiven different nutritional baby formulas\' They reported their findings in The Lancet medical journal. The teenagers who had been ______ had a 14 percent lower ratio of bad to good cholesterol ａｎｄ　lower concentrations of a protein that is a marker fｏｒcardiovascular disease risk. The researchers also found that regardless of the child\'s weight at birth, the faster the infants grew in the early weeks ａｎｄ　months of life, the greater was their later risk of heart disease ａｎｄ　stroke. The effect was the same fｏｒboth boys ａｎｄ　girls. "The more human milk you have in the newborn period, the lower your cholesterol level is, the lower your blood pressure is 16 years later, "Lucas said. 【单选题】

A.surveyed

B.interviewed

C.handled

D.breastfed

正确答案:D

答案解析:选项D是文章主题词，因此成为答案的可能性较大。从句意看，该句讲述“曾经的青少年中坏胆固醇与好胆固醇的比率要低14%，而且他们的蛋白质积聚也较低，而蛋白质的积聚是患心血管疾病风险高低的标志之一”。文章主题是“母乳喂养能够减少心血管疾病的危险”，由此推测出现这种较好健康情况的人应该是“母乳喂养的人”，因此答案是D。

4、Meet Your Memory1. Memory is something that cannot be seen, touched ｏｒweighed. It is thought to be abstract. It is a ｓｅｔof skills rather than an object. Neither is there a single standard fｏｒjudging a good ｏｒpoｏｒmemory. There are a number of different ways in which a person may have a good memory.2. Memory is generally viewed as consisting of three stages: (1) acquisition refers to learning the material; (2) storage refers to keeping the material in the brain until it is needed; (3) retrieval (提取) refers to getting the material back out when it is needed:3. Memory consists of at least two different processes: short - term memory ａｎｄ　long - term memory. Short - term memory has a limited capacity ａｎｄ　a rapid forgetting rate. Its capacity can be increased by chunking (组成大块), ｏｒgrouping separate bits of information into larger chunks. Long - term memory has an almost unlimited capacity.4. One measure of memory is recall, which requires you to produce information by searching the memory fｏｒit. In aided recall, you are given cues (提示) to help you produce the information. In free - recall learning you recall the material in any order. In serial learning you recall it in the ｏｒｃｅｒit was presented ａｎｄ　in paired - associate learning you learn pairs of words so that when the first word is given you can recall the second word. A second measure of memory is recognition, in which you do not have to produce the information from memory, but must be able to identify it when it is presented to you. In a third measure of memory, relearning, the difference between how long it took to learn the material the first time ａｎｄ　how long it takes to learn it again indicates how much you remember. Relearning is generally a more sensitive measure of memory than is recognition because relearning shows retention (保持) while recognition does not. Recognition is generally a more sensitive measure than recall.Remembering involves getting the material back out when it is ______.【单选题】

A.short - term memory

B.relearning

C.needed

D.coded

E.recognition

F.slow forgetting rate

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，在文章第二段：…getting the material back out when it is needed回来看选项，C项needed符合原文句意，是答案。

5、Better Control of TB Seen if a Faster Cure is FoundThe World Health Organization estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis. Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their lungs. Two million people die of it. The disease has increased with the spread of AIDS ａｎｄ　drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis. Current treatments take at least six months. Patients have to take a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop as soon as they feel better. Doing that can lead to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure fｏｒtuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how effective it might be. A professｏｒof international health at Harvard University led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients cured. It would also mean ______ infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others. The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They tested the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. ａｎｄ　it might prevent about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these reductions would take place between two thousａｎｄ　twelve ａｎｄ　two thousａｎｄ　thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed ａｎｄ　in wide use by two thousａｎｄ　twelve. The World Health Organization developed the DOTS program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make sure they continue treatment. Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expａｎｄ　the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research into new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance fｏｒTB Drug Development says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.【单选题】

A.many

B.more

C.few

D.fewer

正确答案:D

答案解析:前句说到更多病人可以被治愈，根据推理，后句应该是“将感染传递给别人的传染病人就会更少”，因为前后两句实际上具有因果关系。这里必须用比较级fewer，因为few是表示“不多的，几乎没有的(=not many)”，而fewer则只是与以前比较“更少”，并没有明确多少。