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2024年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道,附答案解析,供您考前自测提升!
1、SemcoAt 21, Ricardo Semler became boss of his father-s business in Brazil, Semco, which sold parts forships. Semler Juniorworked like a madman, from 7:30 am. , until midnight every day. One afternoon, while touring a factory in New York, he collapsed. The doctorwho treated him said, "There\'s nothing wrong with you. But if you continue like this, you\'ll find a new home in our hospital." Semler got the message. He changed the way he worked. In fact, he changed the way his employees worked too.He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong. He allowed them to settheir own salaries, and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary, like receptionists and secretaries. This saved money and brought more equality to the company. "Everyone at Semco, even top managers, meets guests in reception, does the photocopying, sends faxes, types letters and dials the phone."He completely reorganized the office, instead of walls, they have plants at Semco, so bosses can\'t shut themselves away from everyone else. and the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want. As foruniforms, some people wear suits and others wear T - shirts.Semler says, "We have a sales manager named Rubin Agater who sits there reading the newspaper hour after hour. He doesn\'t even pretend to be busy. But when a Semco pump an the other side of the world fails and millions of gallons of oil are about to spill into the sea, Rubin springs into action.He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them. That\'s when he earns his salary. No one cares if he doesn\'t look busy the rest of the time."Semco has flexible working hours, the employees decide when they need to arrive at work, The employees also evaluate their bosses twice a year. ____It sounds perfect, but does it work? The answer is in the numbers. In the last six years, Semco\'s revenues have gone from $ 35 million to $ 212 million. The company has grown from eight hundred employees to 3,000, Why?Semler says it\'s because of "peer pressure". Peer pressure makes everyone work hard foreveryone else. doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue. In other words, Ricardo Semler treats his workers like adults and expects them to act like adults, and they do. 【单选题】
A.Also, Semco lets its workers use the company\'s machines fortheir own projects, and makes them take holidays forat least thirty days a year.
B.Most managers spend their time making it difficult forworkers to work.
C.This saved money and brought more equality to the company.
D.and the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want.
E.He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them.
F.If someone isn\'t doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue.
正确答案:A
答案解析:本题难度也较大,需要认真阅读文章,可用排除法和代入法。本题的上文谈到公司上班时间灵活,员工可自行决定上班时间,接着出现了also 一词,表明应该有并列内容的陈述,下文出现了It,是对这个福利制度的继续讨论。而且49题在同一段落,没有另起一段,可以推断本题会继续讨论与员工自由和福利有关的内容,回来看选项,把A代入文章里,符合上下文逻辑,是答案。
2、The motorcarSome pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future.The motorcar will undoubtedly. change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion. One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system.When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (可伸缩的) arm will drepfrom the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitorall of the car\'s movements.The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space forthe car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait forthe buzzer (蜂鸣器) that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway.One significant improvement in the future car will probably be ____.【单选题】
A.its power source
B.its driving system
C.its monitoring system
D.its seating capacity
正确答案:C
答案解析:从本题的题干来看,未来汽车比较显著的一种变化应该是不同一般的,也应该是文章所着重要介绍的。文章大部分篇幅所介绍的是未来监控系统,所以本题答案应该是C。
3、The motorcarSome pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future.The motorcar will undoubtedly. change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion. One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system.When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (可伸缩的) arm will drepfrom the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitorall of the car\'s movements.The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space forthe car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait forthe buzzer (蜂鸣器) that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway.What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system?【单选题】
A.A rail.
B.An engine.
C.A retractable arm.
D.A computer controller.
正确答案:A
答案解析:根据常识来判断,“可伸缩得手臂”只是用来连接汽车与铁轨的工具,是能源的传导器,也就是说,提供能源的不是“可伸缩的手臂”,而“铁轨”,所以答案为A。
4、 More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing 1 Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known, new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences. 2 Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep, as well as a number of other sleep problems, than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep arid feeling refreshed after a night\'s sleep than 8-hour sleepers. 3 These findings, which Dr. Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, demonstrate that people who want to get a good night\'s rest may not need to setaside more than 8 hours a night. He added that "it might be a good idea" forpeople who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed, but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this. 4 Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep, forinstance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more. 5 Forthe current report, Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionnaires, in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems. Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night, arising early in the morning and being unable to fall hack to sleep, and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning. 6 Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours. In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence, he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bad. "It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then they\'ll spend a higher percentage of time awake," he said. Paragraph 4____ 【单选题】
A. Kripke\'s Research Tool
B.Dangers of Habitual Shortages of Sleep
C. Criticism on Kripke\'s Report
D.A Way of Overcoming Insomnia
E.Sleep Problems of Long and Shoat Sleepers
F.Classification of Sleep Problems
正确答案:B
答案解析:第四段阐述了长期睡眠不足所带来的严重后果。
5、Before the supper, my mom asked me to lay the table.【单选题】
A.clean
B.dust
C.set
D.move
正确答案:C
答案解析:lay和set同义:放、置;clean:打扫、使干净;dust:掸掉……上的灰尘;move:移动、搬家。
6、The IcemanOn a September day in 1991, two Germans were climbing the mountains between Austria and Italy. High up on a mountain pass, they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height (10,499 feet, or3 ,200 meters) , the ice is usually permanent, but 1991 had been an especially warm year. The mountain ice had melted more than usual and so the body had come to the surface.It was lying face downward. The skeleton (骨架) was in perfect condition, except fora wound in the head, There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes. The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth hoots. Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark (树皮) and a holder forarrows.Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years old.With modern dating techniques, the scientists soon learned that the Iceman was about 5,300 years old. Born in about 3300 B. C. , he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe. At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains. More recent evidence, however, tells a different story, A new kind of X - ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder. It left only a tiny hole in his skin, but it caused internal damage and bleeding. He almost certainly died from this wound, and not from the wound on the back of his head. This means that he was probably in some kind of a battle. It may have been part of a larger war, orhe may have been fighting bandits. He may even have been a bandit himself.By studying his clothes and tools, scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived in. We may never know the full story of how he died, but he has given us important clues to the history of those distant times.The body of the Iceman was found in the mountains mainly because ______.【单选题】
A.two Germans were climbing the mountains
B.the melted ice made him visible
C.he was lying on the ice
D.he was just on a mountain pass
正确答案:B
答案解析:本题是细节题,难度不大,针对文章第一段出题,比较容易找到答案依据。文中第一段最后谈到,由于1991年特别暖和,山上的冰比原来化的要多,所以尸体就露出来了,回来看选项,找信息提示,答案是B。
7、Reduce PackagingPressure increased recently on British supermarkets and retailers to reduce packaging as part of an anti - waste campaign. The campaign was initiated by The Independent newspaper. Britain generates 4.6 million tons of household waste every year by packaging.Dozens of people have expressed anger at the excess of plastic wrapping. Campaigners have called on Britain to learn from other European countries, In Belgium, when you buy something in a plastic orglass container, you make a deposit. When returned bottles are put in a vending machine 自动售货机, the deposit is refunded. Environmentalists warn that Britain lags behind in this.There were reports of growing unease among consumers over the amount of packaging they have to deal with. Trade standards officers also object to excessive packaging. This is because too much padding can give buyers a false impression of what they are buying.In response to a campaign by Britain\'s The Independent newspaper, leading supermarkets have pointed to various initiatives to win the public confidence. ____But campaigners said retailers and the government could learn much from anti - waste practices on the Continent. In Sweden, non - recyclable batteries have been taxed since 1991 to encourage a switch to alternatives. This has resulted in a 74 percent reduction in sales. In Germany, plastic bags are unheard of in supermarkets and deposits are paid forreusable plastic and glass beverage bottles.【单选题】
A.If a product is over packaged, don\'t buy it.
B.In Belgium, when you buy something in a plastic orglass container, you make a deposit.
C.This is because too much padding can give buyers a false impression of what they are buying.
D.This has resulted in a 74 percent reduction in sales.
E.Tesco said it was saving 112,000 tons of cardboard a year by switching to reusable plastic crates (装货箱) fortransporting its fresh produce.
F.The campaign was initiated by The Independent newspaper.
正确答案:E
答案解析:本题有一定难度。要认真阅读文章,理解好句意,判断出叙述逻辑,可使用排除法和代入法。本题的上句谈到了超市也发起各类活动以赢得公众的信任,可以推断此处应该举例说明一下,回来看选项,可以发现E项合适,把E项代入文中,符合上下文逻辑,是答案。
8、He?was?kept?in?appalling?conditions?in?prison.【单选题】
A.necessary
B.terrible
C.critical
D.normal
正确答案:B
答案解析:题干大意:他被关押在条件恶劣的监狱里。appalling意为“可怕的,令人震惊的”;terrible意为“可怕的”,最接近题意。necessary意为“必要的,必须的”,如:We?still?lack?the?necessary?information.(我们仍缺少必要的信息。)critical意为“危险的,爱挑剔的”,如:He?is?very?critical?about?food.(他对食物特别挑剔。)normal意为“正常的”,如:It?is?normal?to?feel?lonely?sometimes.(偶尔会觉得寂寞是很正常的。)
9、Smart Window Windows not only let light in to cut down an electricity use forlighting, but the light coming through the window also provides heat. However, windows are not something people typically associate with being a cutting edge technology. Researchers are now working on new technologies that enable a window to quickly change from clear to dark and anywhere in between with a flip of a switch. "It took us a long time to figure out what a window really is," says Claes Granqvist. He\'s a professorof solid-state physics at Uppsala University in Sweden. "It\'s contact with the outside world. You have to have visual contact with the surrounding world to feel well. " So, windows and natural light are important forimproving the way people feel when they\'re stuck indoors. Yet, windows are the weak link in a building when it comes to energy and temperature control. In the winter, cold air leaks in. When it\'s hot and sunny, sunlight streams in. All of this sunlight carries lots of heat and energy. and all of this extra heat forces people to turn on their air conditioners. Producing blasts of cold air, which can feel so refreshing, actually suck up enormous amounts of electricity in buildings around the world. Windows have been a majorfocus of energy research fora long time. Over the years, scientists have come up with a variety of strategies forcoating, glazing, and layering windows to make them more energy efficient. Smart windows go a step further. They use chromogenic technologies which involve changes of color. Electrochromic windows use electricity to change color. Forexample, a sheet of glass coated with thin layers of chemical compound such as tungsten oxide works a bit like a battery. Tungsten oxide is clear when an electric charge is applied and dark when the charge is removed, that is, when the amount of voltage is decreased, the window darkens until it\'s completely dark after all electricity is taken away. So applying a voltage determines whether the window looks clear ordark. One important feature that makes a smart window so smart is that it has a sort of "memory. " All it takes is a small jolt of voltage to turn the window from one state to the other. Then, it stays that way. Transitions take anywhere from 10 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the size of the window. The development of smart windows could mean that massive air conditioning systems may no longer need. "In the future," Granqvist says, "our buildings may look different. Which of the following statements does not indicate the importance of windows as described in the first two paragraphs? 【单选题】
A. Windows can change from clear to dark to save energy.
B.Windows help to save energy by letting light in.
C.Windows help to save energy by providing heat.
D.Windows enable people to have contact with the outside world.
正确答案:D
答案解析:借助文章中的用词特点或文章开头的语句进一步了解这篇文章的主题:文章讲介绍一种智能窗户。
10、Smallpox virusIt\'s now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction of the smallpox virus. The idea was to cap the glorious achievement of 1980, when smallpox was eradicated in the wild, by destroying the killer virus in the last two labs that are supposed to have it—one in the US and one in Russia. If smallpox had truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let ____ of such a potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials. and the last “official” stocks of live virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia, forno obvious gain.Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way fortests on new treatments and vaccines. So one again there\'s a good reason to keep the virus—just in case the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we deal with the mistrust of the US and Russia? Simple. Keep the virus under international auspices in a well-guarded UN laboratory that\'s open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it rejects a multilateral approach to just about everything. But it doesn\'t mean the idea is wrong. If the virus is useful, then let\'s make it the servant of all humanity—not just a part of it.【单选题】
A.to?go
B.going
C.go
D.went
正确答案:C
答案解析:let后接动词原形,go符合这一原则。故C为正确答案。
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