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2024年职称英语考试《综合类》考试共65题,分为单选题。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道,附答案解析,供您考前自测提升!
1、Geology and Heap(1)The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized fora number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. Forexample, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.(2)The ultimate source of metals within the human body is rocks, which weather into soil, gaining orlosing some of their chemical constituents. The crops we eat selectively remove from the soil the elements that they require forgrowth. The water we drink contains trace elements leached from rock and soil. Thus the geology and geochemistry of the environment have effects on the chemistry and health of plants, animals and people.(3)So far there is no data to suggest that people living on metal-rich soils experience a potential health hazard. The levels of metals within naturally contaminated soils are generally not high enough to cause serious health problems. Living on metal-rich soils does not represent a health risk unless large quantities of soil are digested ormetal-rich dust is inhaled. However, small children are particularly exposed to metal-rich topsoil in playgrounds and gardens. They are also the most likely ones to eat potentially dangerous metal-rich soil.(4)Heavy metals are persistent: they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning(5)In contrast, naturally contaminated soils have not been subject too risk assessment studies and rehabilitation measures, despite the fact that they frequently possess metal concentrations well above those of such polluted by humans and above environmental quality criteria.(6)There is a vital need to understand the potential risks and long-term health effects of living on naturally contaminated soils. Future environmental investigations of naturally polluted soils should concentrate on the potential pathways of metals into the food chain and human body. Geologists should be part of such studies as they can provide the essential background information on rock and soil chemistry as well as the chemical forms of heavy metal pollution.Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to ____.【单选题】
A.industrially polluted soils
B.rock and soil chemistry
C.naturally polluted soils
D.the pathways of metals into the food chain
E.the element of iodine
F.the persistence of heavy metals
正确答案:F
答案解析:第4段涉及这一问题。受到工业污染的土壤含有重金属,而且重金属很稳定,不容易降解,所以要对重金属进行彻底的清除。
2、Three Ways to Become More CreativeMost people believe they don\'t have much imagination. They are wrong. Everyone has imagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to access it. Creativity isn\'t always connected with great works of art orideas. People at work and in their free time routinely think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a tricky question to answer oryou just want to expand your mind! There are three techniques to help you.This technique involves taking unrelated ideas and trying to find links between them. First, think about the problem you have to solve orthe job you need to do. Then find an image, word, idea orobject, forexample, a candle. Write down all the ideas/words associated with candles, light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the ideas to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original present; you could buy him tickets to a match ortake him out forthe night. Imagine that normal limitations don\'t exist. You have as much time/space/money, etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new possibilities. If, forexample, your goal is to learn to ski (滑雪), you can now practice skiing every day of your life (because you have the time and the money). Now adapt this to reality. Maybe you can practice skiing every day in December, orevery Monday in January.Look at the situation from a different point of view. Good negotiators (谈判者) use this technique in business, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the characters in their books. They ask questions: what does this character want? Why can\'t she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? What does she dream about? If your goal involves other people, put yourself "in their shoes". The best fishermen think they are the fish!The second technique suggests that you just imagine ____.【单选题】
A.setting a goal is as simple as skiing
B.you have every resource to achieve your goal
C.new possibilities will soon appear
D.December and January are the best months forskiing
正确答案:B
答案解析:本题有一定的难度,A,D两项的干扰性不强,考生都可以排除,许多考生在B,C两项犹豫不决,不知道选哪个,关键还是吃透原文,并准确归纳原文。答案依据是第三段开头:Imagine that normal limitations don\'t exist. You have as much time/space/money,最佳答案是B。
3、Operatunity1. Operatunity is a TV talent show foramateur opera singers, The winners get the chance to sing with the English National Opera. When two housewives, Denise Leigh and Jane Gilchrist won in 2002, their lives changed forever, As they sang Verdi\'s Rigoletto at the Coliseum (音乐厅) in Rome, they were transformed from working mothers into opera celebrities (名人).2. "I live in the village I was born in," says Denise, who is blind. "Lots of my neighbours are family, and my life is all about my three children. Jane, who worked as a cleaner and a shop assistant, was in a similar situation." She says. All I had to look forward to was seeing my four children grow up, and I love them, but ... you know there must be more things than life. Winning Operatunity has opened up avenues I never knew existed."3. "Last year was amazing," Denise continues, "Last month was Paris, before that we were recording at Abbey Road, in London, and recently we had our album launch at the Royal Opera House" "We\'ve been treated like princesses," laughs Jane, "... champagne, chocolates, five - star hotels ..."4. But it wasn\'t all so easy. ForDenise, the worst part was waiting at the beginning. "After I\'d sent in my application form I worried fora month, Then I had to wait ten days after my first audition (试唱). That was awful." Even when they won the competition they were allowed to tell their close family but they weren\'t allowed to tell anyone else until later. Denise and Jane also found the travelling is difficult. They couldn’t take their children with them while they were away singing, so they had to organise childcare. However, there\'s been no problem with the physical side of singing: "We didn\'t have to worry about that as we\'ve had lots of help and wonderful voice training." says Jane. They also had to learn to deal with the media." The kids loved the fact that they could stay up and watch us on TV, but I just couldn\'t understand why some newspapers were more interested in the fact I divorced at 21, rather than the fact I had just sung at the Coliseum, says Denise.Before becoming famous, Denise and Jane worked in orcerto ____.【单选题】
A.help others out
B.take care of their children
C.deal with the media
D.可比性
E.谨慎性
F.及时性
正确答案:D
答案解析:本题有一定难度,B,D都有可能成为答案,通读第二段,可以发现,关键句是这一句:my life is all about my three children,母亲的生活中心就是养育孩子,所以可以确定答案是D。
4、How to Be a Successful BusinesspersonHave you ever wondered why some people are successful in business and others are not? Here\'s a story about one successful businessperson. He started out washing dishes and today he owns 168 restaurants.Zubair Kazi was born in Bhatkal, a small town in southwest India. His dream was to be an airplane pilot, and when he was 16 years old, he learned to fly a small plane.At the age of 23 and with just a little money in his pocket, Mr. Kazi moved to the United States. He hoped to get a job in the airplane industry in California. Instead, he ended up working fora company that rented cars.While Mr. Kazi was working at the car rental (租赁的) company, he frequently ate at a nearby KFC restaurant. To save money on food, he decided to get a job with KFC. Fortwo months, he worked as a cook\'s assistant. His job was to clean the kitchen and help the cook. "I didn\'t like it," Mr. Kazi says, "but I always did the best I could."One day, Mr. Kazi\'s two co-workers failed to come to work. That day, Mr. Kazi did the work of all three people in the kitchen. This really impressed the owners of the restaurant.A few months later, the owners needed a manager fora new restaurant. They gave the job to Mr. Kazi. He worked hard as the manager and soon the restaurant was making a profit.A few years later, Mr. Kazi heard about a restaurant that was losing money. The restaurant was dirty inside and the food was terrible. Mr. Kazi borrowed money from a bank and bought the restaurant. Forthe first six months, Mr. Kazi worked in the restaurant from 8 a. m. to 10 p.m. , seven days a week. He and his wife cleaned up the restaurant, remodeled the front of the building, and improved the cooking. They also tried hard to please the customers. If someone had to wait more than ten minutes fortheir food, Mrs. Kazi gave them a free soda. Before long the restaurant was making a profit.A year later, Mr. Kazi sold his restaurant fora profit. With the money he earned, he bought three more restaurants that were losing money. Again, he cleaned them up, improved the food, and retrained the employees. Before long these restaurants were making a profit, too.Today Mr. Kazi owns 168 restaurants, but he isn\'t planning to stop there. He\'s looking formore poorly managed restaurants to buy. "I love it when I go to buy a restaurant and find it\'s a mess," Mr. Kazi says. "The only way it can go is up. "Mr. Kazi decided to work with KFC to________.【单选题】
A.learn how to cook
B.save money fora car
C.save money on food
D.learn how to run a restaurant
正确答案:C
答案解析:细节考查题。题干问Zubair Kazi决定去KFC工作的原因。参见原文第四段第二句:To save money on food,he decided to get a job with KFC.由此可知他去KFC工作是为了节省在食物方面的开销,故正确答案为C。
5、We\'ve seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues.【单选题】
A.regular
B.great
C.clear
D.quick
正确答案:C
答案解析:题干大意:我们看到我们对社会问题的态度发生了明显的转变。句中marked的意思是“显著的,明显的”,如:What is your most marked characteristic?(你最显著的特点是什么?)clear:清晰的,明显的;regular:定期的,整齐的;great:伟大的;quick:快速的。
6、We\'re happy to report that business is booming this year.【单选题】
A.risky
B.successful
C.failing
D.open
正确答案:B
答案解析:我们很高兴地向大家报告今年业绩红火。本题难度不大,booming指“景气,繁荣”,和successful“成功的”是近义词,A项指“冒险的”,C项指“衰退的”,D项指“开放的”,都不合句意,最佳答案是B。
7、We are certain that he will get over his illness.【单选题】
A.sure
B.surprised
C.happy
D.excited
正确答案:A
答案解析:certain和sure同义,意为“肯定的”;surprised:惊讶的;happy:高兴的;excited:兴奋的。
8、We are sure that he will get over his illness.【单选题】
A.certain
B.aware
C.happy
D.determined
正确答案:A
答案解析:题干大意:我们确信他能战胜疾病。画线词sure意为“确定的”,certain:确定的;aware:意识到的;happy:高兴的;determined:决定了的。故答案为A。
9、Feast On Turkey and Good Wishes at ThanksgivingFour weeks ago, US children dressed as monsters and asked forsweets. That was Halloween. In a few weeks American houses will be red and green and filled with presents. ForChristmas.As if all this isn\'t enough, on Thursday this week, America will enjoy another festival-Thanksgiving.Children will have two days off school, shops will close and houses will be filled with families enjoying mountains of food.Every year, in Gainesville, Florida, all entire class celebrate Thanksgiving together. The class dresses up and puts on plays fortheir families. After the plays the families share a feast of traditional Thanksgiving foods like turkey and pumpkin pie.Dean Foster, an ll-year-old boy will take part in this celebration. He said: "I love Thanksgiving because it means time off school, lots of nice food and a happy family."His brother Ben, nine, said: "the best thing about Thanksgiving, is that when it is finished, it is time to start Christmas."But behind the food and the large amount of money spent there is another message. On Thursday evening, Dean and Ben\'s family will make a basket and put it on the table as they eat their evening meal.Each of them will write a list of things that they are thankful forand place the paper in the basket. The family will read the pieces of paper and take time to thank God and each other forproviding them with comfortable and happy lives.Thanksgiving is a traditional festival that started in 1621, when the first pilgrims arrived in the US to start a new life. After a hard year, they had a big autumn harvest. They held a feast and invited the native American Indians along to thank God forgiving them enough food.Many countries celebrate Thanksgiving. They often fall after the fields have been harvested and the crops collected forwinter.Many children in the United States like Thanksgiving because________.【单选题】
A.they can stay with their parents at home and eat a lot of nice food
B.they can dress up like monsters
C.they can put on plays
D.they can visit American Indians
正确答案:A
答案解析:细节考查题。题干问许多美国儿童喜欢感恩节的原因。参见第五段,美国儿童喜欢感恩节是因为学校放假,有很多好吃的食物,而且能和家人在一起享受快乐,选项A与该句内容一致,故正确答案为A。
10、A Country\'s Standard of LivingThe "standard of living" of any country means the average person\'s share of the goods and services the country produces. A country\'s standard of living, therefore, depends first on its capacity to produce wealth. "Wealth" in this sense is not money, forwe do not live on money but on things that money can buy: "goods such as food and clothing", and "services" such as transport and entertainment.A country\'s capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a country\'s natural resources. Some region of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have fertile (肥沃的) soil and a favorable climate, other regions possess none of them.Next to natural resources comes the ability to ____ them to use, China is perhaps as rich as the USA in natural resources, but suffered formany years from civil and external wars, Forthis and other reasons it was unable to develop her resources. Sound and stable political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasions, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, to produce more wealth than other country.A country\'s standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed within its own borders, but also upon what is directly produced through international trade. Forexample, Britain\'s wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possible forher surplus (剩余的) manufactured goods to be traded abroad forthe agricultural products which would otherwise be lacking. A country\'s wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity, providing that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.【单选题】
A.move
B.force
C.turn
D.push
正确答案:C
答案解析:本题有一定难度,干扰项干扰较大,本题考点是动词短语turn to,使变成,最佳答案是C。
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