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2024年职称英语考试《综合类》考试共65题,分为单选题。小编为您整理阅读理解分析5道练习题,附答案解析,供您备考练习。
1、March MadnessForthe rest of the month, an epidemic (流行病) will sweep across the US. It will keep kids stay home from school. College students will ignore piles of homework. Employees will suddenly lose their abilities to concentrate.The disease, known as "March Madness", refers to the nearly 65 teams in US men\'s college basketball tournament, it begins on March 15 and lasts through the beginning of April. Teams compete against each other in a single elimination tournament that eventually crowns a national champion.Nearly 20 million Americans will become the prisoners of basketball festival madness.The fun comes partly from guessing the winners forevery game. Friends compete against friends, husbands against wives, and colleagues against bosses.Big name schools are usually favored to advance into the tournament. But each year there are dark horses from little - known universities.This adds to the madness. Watching a team from a school with 3,000 students beat a team from a school with 30,000, formany Americans, is an exciting experience. Last year the little - known George Mason University was one of the final four teams. Many people had never even heard of the university before the tournament.College basketball players are not paid, so the game is making a name fortheir university and themselves. But ft doesn\'t mean money isn\'t involved. About $ 4 billion will be spent gambling on the event. According to Media Life magazine, the event will draw over $ 500 million in advertising revenue this year, topping the post - season revenue, including the NBA (全国篮球协会).Which of the following is NOT an instance of "March Madness"? ____【单选题】
A.Kids run away from school.
B.Husbands kiss their wives.
C.College students keep homework piling up.
D.Employees can\'t concentrate on their work.
正确答案:B
答案解析:本题又回到第一段出题,但难度不大,答案依据比较明显。答案依据在第一段。A,C,D三项都是文章第一段提到的,所以正确答案是B。
2、Working Successfully within Cultural BoundariesSoon after starting our job in China, we realized that the greatest challenge we faced would not be our day-to-day responsibilities but a completely foreign work environment and culture.We were used to the very direct, sometimes confrontational, but more equal style of management in the United States. Here, we were faced with the never-direct, never-confrontational style of management common in Asia.We often hear similar stories. One woman shared her experience of returning to China after more than 15 years in the US. Although she spent most of her childhood in China, she felt that her colleagues\' thinking processes were completely foreign to her. She needed to adapt herself to the culture of her company only then would she be successful at her job. In the end, she wasn\'t able to successfully re-adapt herself to the culture. What she didn\'t realize was that, rather than disagreeing with her ideas, they disagreed with her method of implementing them. Forexample, instead of recognizing her company\'s strict chain-of-command, she had in one case taken her plan straight to the company chairman. This action consequently caused her superiors to lose face. She had unwittingly broken a cardinal rule of Chinese culture.One man who spent many years overseas before returning to China to head up the local operations of a multinational company, had a similar experience. In his first management team meeting, he presented his plans fora new direction in China operations. His request was met with an uncomfortable silence, with none of the managers daring to speak up. They had not been prepared forhis open style of management. Soon he quickly determined that his first on-the-job challenge would be to build up managers\' confidence in him, and that he had to do this individually, not in a group. Within a year, their management team meetings were transformed into the interactive, brainstorming sessions that he intended them to be.Therefore, it wasn\'t until after we had learned to appreciate the culture of our workplace and earned the confidence and trust of our inferiors that we were able to move forward and successfully do our job. We must first understand and accept a culture forwhat it is; only then will we be able to successfully work within it.What are the differences in style of management in the USA and China according to the author?【单选题】
A.In the USA, it is indirect style of management. In China, it is direct.
B.In the USA, it is direct style of management. In China, it is never-direct.
C.In the USA, it is always confrontational. In China, it is sometimes confrontational.
D.In the USA, it is equal. In China it is unequal.
正确答案:B
答案解析:根据第2段,文中说“我们习惯了美国的直接、有时针锋相对,但是更为平等的管理模式,但是在这里我们面临的是在亚洲普遍存在的不直接、不正面交锋的管理模式”,因此答案是B
3、Status of Teachers in AmericaAt present, in many American cities especially, many teachers in the public schools say they are underpaid. They point to jobs such as secretary ortruck driver, which often pay more to start than that of the teacher. In many other fields, such as law, medicine, computer science, a beginning worker may make more than a teacher who has taught forseveral year.Teaching has never been a profession that attracted people interested in high salaries. It is by history a profession that has provided rewards in addition to money, the satisfaction of sharing knowledge, of influencing others, of guiding young people. But in the past several years, there are more difficulties in teaching, formany, than there are rewards.Unruly students, who would have chosen teaching as their life career in the past, are going into other fields.Another reason forthis change in teacher candidates is the changing status of women in the United States. Until the late 1960s and 1970s, one of the most popular choices forwomen was teaching. But as other professions, such as law and medicine opened up to women, women stopped pouring into teacher training programs. Thus, a majorpool of excellent candidates forthe teaching profession dwindled(减少).Bit by bit government officials and others realized that the status of the teacher had suffered. They talked about change. But change in a vast society like the United States is not easy. People\'s attitudes have formed over many years, and sometimes change takes many years.The writer points out the present situation of teaching, that is_____.【单选题】
A.teaching is a profession that can always attract best students to work in.
B.teaching can provide rewards as well as high salaries.
C.teachers work hard and make a small income compared to workers in many other jobs.
D.teachers are no longer underpaid.
正确答案:C
答案解析:A选项的说法和第2段第1句矛盾;B选项和第2段最后一句矛盾;D选项和第1段第1句矛盾,因此C是正确的。
4、Shopping at Second - hand Clothing StoresWhen 33 years old Pete Barth was in college, shopping at second - hand clothing stores was just something he did-"like changing the tires on his car." He looked at his budget and decided he could save a lot of money by shopping forclothes at thrift shops."Even new clothes are fairly disposable (用后即丢掉的) and wear out after a couple of years," Barth said. "In thrift shops, you can find some great stuff whose quality is better than new clothes."Since then, Barth, who works at a Goodwill thrift shop in the US state of Florida, has found that there are all kinds of reasons forshopping forsecond - hand clothing. Some people, like him, shop to save money. Some shop fora crazy - looking shirt. and some shop as a means of conserving energy and helping the environment.Pat Akins, an accountant at a Florida Salvation Army (SA) (救世军) thrift shop, said that, forher, shopping at thrift shops is a way to help the environment."When my daughter was little, we looked at it as recycling," Akins said: "Also, why pay 30 dollars fora new coat when you can get another one fora lot less?"Akins said that the SA has shops all over the US-"some as big as department stores". All of the clothes are donated (捐赠), and when they have a surplus (盈余), they\'ll have "stuff a bag" specials, where customers can fill a grocery sack with clothes foronly 5 or10 dollars.Julia Stocum, 22, points out, however, that the huge amount of second - hand clothing in the US is the result of American wastefulness."I\'d say that second - hand stores are the result of our wasteful, materialistic culture," said Slocum, who works fora pro - conservation organization, the center of a New American Dream. "Thrift shops prevent waste from going to landfills (垃圾填埋场), They give clothing a second life and provide cheaper clothing forthose who can\'t afford to buy new ones and generate (创造) income forcharities. They also provide a way forthe wealthy and middle classes to shed (摆脱) the guilt fortheir level of consumption."The word "thrift" in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by【单选题】
A.charity.
B.one dollar.
C.first class.
D.two dollars.
正确答案:A
答案解析:本题有一定难度,需要认真阅读文章,答案依据主要在文章第六段。本题不能靠查词典查单词意思来确定答案。第六段谈到旧货店的所有衣服均为捐赠所得,最后一段有谈到了旧货店所得的收入都捐赠给慈善机构,所以答案是A。
5、The State of Marriage TodayIs there something seriously wrong with marriage today? During the past 50 years, the rate of divorce in the United States has exploded: almost 50% of marriages end in divorce now, and the evidence suggests it is going to get worse. If this trend continues, it will lead to the breakup of the family, according to a spokesperson forthe National Family Association. Some futurists predict that in 100 years, the average American will marry at least four times, and extramarital (婚外的) affairs will be even more common than now.But what are the reasons forthis, and is the picture really so gloomy (明暗的)? The answer to the first question is really quite simple: marriage is no longer the necessity it once was. The institution of marriage has been based foryears partly on economic need. Women used to be economically dependent on their husbands-as they usually didn\'t have jobs outside the home. But with the rising number of women in well-paying jobs, this is no longer the case, So they don\'t feel that they need to stay in a failing marriage.In answer to the second question, the outlook may not be as pessimistic (悲观的) as it seems. While the rate of divorce has risen, the rate of couples marrying has never actually fallen very much, so marriage is still quite popular. In addition to this, many couples now simply live together and don\'t bother to marry. These couples are effectively married, but they do not appear in either the marriage ordivorce statistics. In fact, more than 50% of first marriages survive.So is marriage really an outdated institution? The fact that most people still get married indicates that it isn\'t. and it is also true that married couples have a healthier life than single people: they suffer less from stress and its consequences, such as heart problems, and married men generally consider themselves more contented than their single counterparts. Perhaps the key is to find out what makes a successful marriage and apply it to all of our relationships!Which of the following is true about the marriage in the United States today? ____【单选题】
A.Divorce leads to the breakup of the family.
B.More than half of the married couples get divorced.
C.American people marry more than four times.
D.More and more people are getting divorced.
正确答案:D
答案解析:本题有一定难度,干扰项干扰较大,B的干扰最大,但是原文提到的是almost 50% of marriages end in divorce now,所以B项里,more than half,夸大了原意,所以正确答案应该是D。
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