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2024年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编每天为您准备了5道每日一练题目(附答案解析),一步一步陪你备考,每一次练习的成功,都会淋漓尽致的反映在分数上。一起加油前行。
1、Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular RiskBreastfeeding can reduce the risk of a heart attack orstroke later in life and could prevent hundreds of thousands of deaths each year, researchers said on Friday. Babies who are breastfed have fewer childhood infections and allergies and are less prone to obesity. British scientists have now shown that breastfeeding and slow growth in the first weeks and months of life has a protective effect against cardiovascular disease. "Diets that promote more rapid growth put babies at risk many years later in terms of raising their blood pressure, raising their cholesterol and increasing their tendency to diabetes and obesity-the four main risk factors forstroke and heart attack." said ProfessorAlan Lucas of the Institute of Child Health in London. "Our evidence suggests that the reason why breast-fed babies do better is because they grow more slowly in the early weeks."Lucas said the effects of breastfeeding on blood pressure and cholesterol later in life are greater than anything adults can do to control the risk factors forcardiovascular disease, other than taking drugs. An estimated 17 million people die of cardiovascular disease, particularly heart attack and strokes, each year, according to the World Health Organization. Lucas and his colleagues compared the health of 216 teenagers who as babies had either been breastfed orgiven different nutritional baby formulas\' They reported their ______ in The Lancet medical journal. The teenagers who had been breastfed had a 14 percent lower ratio of bad to good cholesterol and lower concentrations of a protein that is a marker forcardiovascular disease risk. The researchers also found that regardless of the child\'s weight at birth, the faster the infants grew in the early weeks and months of life, the greater was their later risk of heart disease and stroke. The effect was the same forboth boys and girls. "The more human milk you have in the newborn period, the lower your cholesterol level is, the lower your blood pressure is 16 years later, "Lucas said. 【单选题】
A.thoughts
B.findings
C.viewpoints
D.breakthrough
正确答案:B
答案解析:上文提到了他们的调查研究,接下来应该出现的是他们的“研究结果”。
2、The attack on Fort Sumter near Charleston provoked a sharp response froze the North, which led to the American Civil War. 【单选题】
A.demanded
B.elicited
C.extracted
D.defied
正确答案:B
答案解析:provoke和elicit的意思相近,引起、诱发;demand:要求;extract:抽出、提取;defy:公然反抗、蔑视。
3、Jack packed up all the things he had accumulated over the last ten years.【单选题】
A.future
B.far
C.past
D.near
正确答案:C
答案解析:杰克把过去10年里攒的所有东西都收拾好打行李了。本题难度不大,干扰项干扰不强,是送分题。last和past都指“过去的”是同义词,最佳答案是C。
4、English and English Community1 There is no doubt that English is a useful language. The people who speak English today make up the largest speech community in the world with the exception of speakers of Chinese. 2 A speech community is similar to other kinds of communities. The people who make up the community share a common language. Often they live side by side, as they do in a neighborhood, a village, ora city. More often they form a whole country. National boundaries, however, are not always the same as the boundaries of a speech community. A speech community is anygroupof people who speak the same language no matter where they happen to live. 3 We may say that anyone who speaks English belongs to the English speech community. Forconvenience, we may divide the speakers into two groups: one in which the speakers use English as their native language, the other in which the speakers learn English as a second language forthe purpose of education, commerce, and so on. 4 Learning a second language extends one\'s vision and expands the mind. The history and literature of a second language record the real and fictional lives of people and their culture; a knowledge of them adds to our ability to understand and to feel as they feel. Learning English as asecond language provides another means of communication through which the window of the entire English speech community becomes a part of our heritage. Paragraph 4____【单选题】
A.Threat Posed by English
B.Definition ofa Speech Community
C.Benefits ofLeaming a Second Language
D.Advantages of Learning Chinese
E.Two Groups ofthe English Speech Community
F.A Widely Used Language
正确答案:C
答案解析:文章第4段主要讲学习第二语言的益处。
5、Meet Your Memory1. Memory is something that cannot be seen, touched orweighed. It is thought to be abstract. It is a setof skills rather than an object. Neither is there a single standard forjudging a good orpoormemory. There are a number of different ways in which a person may have a good memory.2. Memory is generally viewed as consisting of three stages: (1) acquisition refers to learning the material; (2) storage refers to keeping the material in the brain until it is needed; (3) retrieval (提取) refers to getting the material back out when it is needed:3. Memory consists of at least two different processes: short - term memory and long - term memory. Short - term memory has a limited capacity and a rapid forgetting rate. Its capacity can be increased by chunking (组成大块), orgrouping separate bits of information into larger chunks. Long - term memory has an almost unlimited capacity.4. One measure of memory is recall, which requires you to produce information by searching the memory forit. In aided recall, you are given cues (提示) to help you produce the information. In free - recall learning you recall the material in any order. In serial learning you recall it in the orcerit was presented and in paired - associate learning you learn pairs of words so that when the first word is given you can recall the second word. A second measure of memory is recognition, in which you do not have to produce the information from memory, but must be able to identify it when it is presented to you. In a third measure of memory, relearning, the difference between how long it took to learn the material the first time and how long it takes to learn it again indicates how much you remember. Relearning is generally a more sensitive measure of memory than is recognition because relearning shows retention (保持) while recognition does not. Recognition is generally a more sensitive measure than recall.As a measure of memory, relearning is more sensitive than ______.【单选题】
A.short - term memory
B.relearning
C.needed
D.coded
E.recognition
F.slow forgetting rate
正确答案:E
答案解析:本题难度不大,答案依据比较明显,在文章第四段倒数第二句:Relearning is generally a more sensitive measure of memory than is recognition because…谈到作为测试记忆力的方法来说,再学习比识别更灵敏,回来看选项,E项recognition符合原文句意,是答案。
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