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2024年职称英语考试《综合类》模拟试题0106
帮考网校2024-01-06 16:09
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2024年职称英语考试《综合类》考试共65题,分为单选题。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道,附答案解析,供您考前自测提升!


1、African wild dogFinding a babysitter while you go out to work is, forexample, an inconvenience. Forthe African wild dog, one of the continent\'s most endangered carnivores (食肉动物), it\'s a matter of life and death. A new research shows that once packs (兽群) fall below a certain size, they are not enough animals to both hunt food and stay at home protecting the young.The African wild dog has declined drastically over the past century. Habitual loss (栖息地的丧失), persecution and unexplained outbreaks of disease have all been blamed. Only 3, 000 to5,000 animals remain, and the species is expected to go extinct within decades if the trend continues.Other large carnivores such as the spotted hyena (鬣狗) face similar pressures, yet are not declining. Now Franck Courchamp of Cambridge University has found a reason why. The dog\'s weakness lies in its social organization.Within each pack of up to 20 adults and pups, only the dominant male and female breed. The remaining animals help raise the pups, cooperating to hunt prey and defend the kill from other carnivores.Because pups can\'t keep up on a hunt, large packs leave an adult behind to protect them from predators (捕猎者), which include lions and hyenas. But leaving a babysitter also carries costs. A smaller hunting party is less able to tackle large prey and to defend the kill. There is also one less stomach in which to carry food back to the den, and one more mouth to feed when they get there.Courchamp investigated this awkward trade-off (权衡) by modeling how the costs of a babysitter change with decreasing pack size. This showed that packs of more than five adults should be able to feed all the pups and still spare a babysitter. But with smaller packs, either the hunting orthe babysitting suffers, orthe animals have to compensate by increasing the number of hunting excursions which itself carries a cost to the pack.Field observations in Zimbabwe supported the model. Packs of five animals orfewer left pups unguarded more frequently than larger packs did. There was also evidence that when they did leave a babysitter, they were forced to hunt more often.A pack which drops below a critical size becomes caught in a vicious circle (恶性循环), says Courchamp, who is now at Paris-Sud University. "Poorreproduction and low survival further reduces pack size, culminating in (最终造成) failure of the whole pack. " and deaths caused by human activity, says Courchamp, may be what reduce pack numbers to below the sustamable threshold. Mammal ecologist Chris Carbone at London\'s Institute of Zoology agrees. Maintaining the integrity of wild dog packs will be vitalin preserving the species, he says.The size of a pack must be big enough forit to survive.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:A

答案解析:答案的依据是文章最后一段开头,因此这个命题是正确的。

2、Pronouncing a LanguagePronouncing a language is a skill. Every normal person is an expert in the skill of pronouncing his own language; but few people are even fairly proficient at pronouncing foreign languages. Now there are many reasons forthis, some obvious, some perhaps not so obvious. But I suggest that the basic reason why people in general do not speak foreign languages very much better than they do native language is that they fail to understand the true nature of the problem of learning to pronounce. Far too many people fail to realize that pronouncing a foreign language is a skill----one that needs careful training of a special kind, and one that cannot be gained by just leaving it to take care of itself. I think even teachers of language, while realizing the importance of a good accent, often neglect, in their practical teaching, the branch of study concerned with speaking the language. So the first point I want to make is that English pronunciation must be taught; the teacher should be prepared to devote some of the lesson time to this, and get the student to feel that here is a matter worthy of receiving his close attention. So, there should be occasions when other aspects of English, such as grammar orspelling, are allowed forthe moment to take second place.Besides this question of the time given to pronunciation, there are two other requirements forthe teacher: the first, knowledge; the second, technique.It is also possible to get a clear mental picture of the relationship between the sounds of different languages, between the speech habits of English people and those, say, of your students. Unless the teacher has such a picture, any comments he may make on his students\' pronunciation are unlikely to be of much use, and lesson time spent on pronunciation may well be time wasted.What does the authorsay about pronouncing foreign language?【单选题】

A.Every normal person is an expert in the skill of pronouncing foreign languages.

B.It is difficult forpeople to pronounce foreign languages.

C.No one is really an expert in the skill of pronouncing foreign languages.

D.There are not many people who are even fairly good at it.

正确答案:D

答案解析:从第1段第2句话可以找到答案。每个正常人都是母语的发音专家,但是很少有人精通外语的发音,因此答案是D。

3、A Bad IdeaThink you can walk, drive, take phone calls, e - mail and listen to music at the same time? Well, New York\'s new law says you can\'t. and you\'ll be fined $ 100 if you do so on a New York city street. The law went into force last month, following research and a shocking number of accidents that involved. people using electronic gadgets (小巧机械) when crossing the street.Who\'s to blame? Scientists say that our multitasking (多任务处理) abilities are limited. "We are under the impression that our brain can do more than it often can," says Rene Marois, a neuroscientist (神经科学家) in Tennessee. "But a core limitation is the inability to concentrate on two things at once."The young people are often considered the great multitaskers. However, an Oxford University research suggests this perception is open to question. Agroupof 18 to 21 years old and agroupof 35 to 39 years old were given 90 seconds to translate images into numbers, using a simple code. ____ But when both groups were interrupted by a phone call oran instant message, the oldergroupmatched the youngergroupin speed and accuracy.It is difficult to measure the productivity lost by multitaskers. Jonathan Spira, chief analyst at Basex, a business - research firm, estimates that the cost of interruptions to the American economy is nearly $650 billion a year, The estimate is based on surveys with office workers. The surveys conclude that 28 percent of the workers\' time was spent on interruptions and recovery time before they returned to their main tasks.【单选题】

A.Talking on a cell phone while driving brings you joy anyway.

B.The estimate is based on surveys with office workers.

C.The youngergroupdid 10 percent better when not interrupted.

D.However, an Oxford University research suggests this perception is open to question.

E.Scientists say that our multitasking (多任务处理) abilities are limited.

F.and you\'ll be fined $ 100 if you do so on a New York city street.

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题有一定的难度,需要认真阅读文章,理解好句意。可用排除法和代入法。上文谈到了在没有干扰的情况下,年轻人和年纪大的没有多少差别,下文又转入转折内容,所以可以推断此处应该表达年轻组会做的更好,回来看选项,把C代入文中,符合逻辑,答案是C。

4、Some Unusual CelebrationsSome holidays are well - known all around the world. Among them are New Year\'s Eve Celebrations. Also days are common in honorof love and friendship, like Valentine\'s Day. Each country has its own special holidays too, to mark important events in its history. Schools, banks, and government offices all close on days like these. ____ A few of them are really very strange.Of course, they are not strange to the people who celebrate them. Perhaps that is because the celebrations have long traditions. Consider April Fool\'s Day, forexample. No one knows when orwhy it began. Today it is celebrated in many countries-France, England, and Australia, etc. On this day, people play practical jokes. Jokes are supposed to be funny, but these jokes do not make everyone laugh. The ones who laugh are the ones playing the jokes. The people they fool often get angry. Does celebrating this day make sense to you?Dyngus Day in Poland seems strange, too. On this day, it is traditional forboys to pour water over the heads of girls. Here is the strangest part: they do it to girls they like.Other unusual celebrations take place in a single city ortown. A holiday called La Tomatina is celebrated in Bunol, Spain. Every year, in late August, big trucks carry more than 200,000 pounds of tomatoes into this little town. Then begins the world\'s biggest food fight. Fortwo hours, people in the streets throw tomatoes at each other. Everyone ends up red from head to toe.August 10 marks the start of the Puck Fair, an Irish festival with a very unusual tradition. People from the town of Killorglin go up into the mountains and catch a wild goat. They bring him back to town, put a crown on his head, and make him king forthree days.There are also some celebrations that are really strange. In the United States, sometimes one person gets an idea fora new holiday and tries to get others to accept it. Whose idea was Public Sleeping Day? That one is on February 28. It may seem strange, but it sounds like more fun than the one on February 9. That is supposed to be Toothache Day.Do you like the idea of inventing a new holiday? If you do, then you will want to mark March 26 on your calendar. That is Make Up Your Own Holiday Day.【单选题】

A.They bring him back to town, put a crown on his head, and make him king forthree days.

B.Some of the days people celebrate, however, are less serious.

C.That is supposed to be Toothache Day.

D.Then begins the world\'s biggest food fight.

E.Some people have fun imagining new holidays.

F.Jokes are supposed to be funny, but these jokes do not make everyone laugh.

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度,但因为各个选项差异较大,还是比较容易确定答案,可采用代人法,可以发现B代入原文中,最符合上下文逻辑,是答案。

5、Shopping at Second - hand Clothing StoresWhen 33 years old Pete Barth was in college, shopping at second - hand clothing stores was just something he did-"like changing the tires on his car." He looked at his budget and decided he could save a lot of money by shopping forclothes at thrift shops."Even new clothes are fairly disposable (用后即丢掉的) and wear out after a couple of years," Barth said. "In thrift shops, you can find some great stuff whose quality is better than new clothes."Since then, Barth, who works at a Goodwill thrift shop in the US state of Florida, has found that there are all kinds of reasons forshopping forsecond - hand clothing. Some people, like him, shop to save money. Some shop fora crazy - looking shirt. and some shop as a means of conserving energy and helping the environment.Pat Akins, an accountant at a Florida Salvation Army (SA) (救世军) thrift shop, said that, forher, shopping at thrift shops is a way to help the environment."When my daughter was little, we looked at it as recycling," Akins said: "Also, why pay 30 dollars fora new coat when you can get another one fora lot less?"Akins said that the SA has shops all over the US-"some as big as department stores". All of the clothes are donated (捐赠), and when they have a surplus (盈余), they\'ll have "stuff a bag" specials, where customers can fill a grocery sack with clothes foronly 5 or10 dollars.Julia Stocum, 22, points out, however, that the huge amount of second - hand clothing in the US is the result of American wastefulness."I\'d say that second - hand stores are the result of our wasteful, materialistic culture," said Slocum, who works fora pro - conservation organization, the center of a New American Dream. "Thrift shops prevent waste from going to landfills (垃圾填埋场), They give clothing a second life and provide cheaper clothing forthose who can\'t afford to buy new ones and generate (创造) income forcharities. They also provide a way forthe wealthy and middle classes to shed (摆脱) the guilt fortheir level of consumption."Which statement about Barth is NOT true? ____【单选题】

A.He is 33 years old now.

B.He works at a Goodwill thrift shop.

C.He works at a Salvation Army thrift shop.

D.He was a college student many years ago.

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度较大,需要认真阅读文章,作出判断。认真阅读文章前三段。第一段第一句谈到了作者大学期间经常逛二手服装店,第三段第一句话谈到了作者在Goodwill旧货店工作,可以推断A,B,D项正确,所以答案是C。

6、The Race into SpaceAmerican millionaire Dennis Tito will always be famous. He was the first tourist in space. "I spent sixty years on Earth and eight days in space and from my viewpoint, it was two separate lives," Tito explained. He loved his time in space. "Being in space and looking back at earth is one of the most rewarding experiences a human being can have."This kind of experience isn\'t cheap. It cost $ 20 million. However, Tito achieved his dream, so he was happy. "Forme it was a life dream. It was a dream that began when didn\'t have any money," he told reporters.On 30 April 2002, Mark Shuttleworth became the world\'s second space tourist. Shuttleworth is a South African businessman. At the age of twenty - eight, he also paid $ 20 million forthe eight - day trip.Both Tito and Shuttleworth bought their tickets from a company called Space Adventures. The company has around 100 people already on their waiting list forflights into space. The spaceship to take them doesn\'t exist yet.Many of the customers are people who like adventure. They are the kind of people who also want to climb Mount Qomolangma. Other customers are people who love space. However, these people are worried. Because it’s so expensive, only very rich people can go into space. They want space travel to be available to more people.That day may soon be here. Inter Orbital Systems (IOS) plans to send up to four tourists a week into space. The tours will depart from an island in Tonga. The company promises a package that includes forty-five days of astronaut training in Russia and California, seven days in space, and a vacation in Tonga, for$2 million.However, space flight is still very dangerous. Bill Readdy is NASA\'s deputy assistant administratorforspace flight. He says that the chances of dying are about 1 in 500. Because of this, it may take time before space tourism really takes off. You might be able to go up, but will you come down?Both Tito and Shuttleworth have climbed Mount Qomolangma.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题有一定难度,需要认真阅读文章。首先带着题干提示词Mount Qomolangma迅速回到文章定位。第五段提到,许多人都喜欢冒险,他们也都想爬上珠穆朗玛峰,这里没有提到这两个人,再看其他段落,也没有提到两人爬珠穆朗玛峰的事情,所以本题是未提及的,答案是C。

7、Desirable Qualities in a TeacherHere I want to try to give you an answer to the question: What personal qualities are desirable in a teacher? Probably no two people would draw up exactly similar lists, but I think the following would be generally accepted.First, the teacher\'s personality should be pleasantly live and attractive. This does not rule out people who are physically plain, oreven ugly, because many such have great personal charm. I would say that excludes all of dull orpurely negative personality. I still stick to what I said in my earlier book: that school children probably suffer more from bores than from brutes.Secondly, it is not merely desirable but essential fora teacher to have a great capacity forsympathy in the literal meaning of that word; a capacity to tune in to the minds and feelings of other people, especially, since most teachers are school teachers, to the minds and feelings of children. Closely related with this is the capacity to be tolerant not indeed, of what is wrong, but of frailty (脆弱) and immaturity of human nature which induce people, and _____ especially children, to make mistakes.Thirdly, I hold it essential fora teacher to be both intellectually and morally honest. This does not mean being a plaster saint. It means that he will be aware of his intellectual strengths.【单选题】

A.otherwise

B.indeed

C.again

D.for

正确答案:C

答案解析:承前文especially, since most teachers are school teachers, to the minds and feelings of children,文中再次强调“尤其是孩子”,故选again。

8、I have several spare tickets.【单选题】

A.thin

B.extra

C.attached

D.prepared

正确答案:B

答案解析:spare作形容词表示“剩余的、备用的”,和extra(额外的)词义相近。thin:薄的; attached:依恋的;prepared准备好的。

9、Three Ways to Become More CreativeMost people believe they don\'t have much imagination. They are wrong. Everyone has imagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to access it. Creativity isn\'t always connected with great works of art orideas. People at work and in their free time routinely think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a tricky question to answer oryou just want to expand your mind! There are three techniques to help you.This technique involves taking unrelated ideas and trying to find links between them. First, think about the problem you have to solve orthe job you need to do. Then find an image, word, idea orobject, forexample, a candle. Write down all the ideas/words associated with candles, light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the ideas to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original present; you could buy him tickets to a match ortake him out forthe night. Imagine that normal limitations don\'t exist. You have as much time/space/money, etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new possibilities. If, forexample, your goal is to learn to ski (滑雪), you can now practice skiing every day of your life (because you have the time and the money). Now adapt this to reality. Maybe you can practice skiing every day in December, orevery Monday in January.Look at the situation from a different point of view. Good negotiators (谈判者) use this technique in business, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the characters in their books. They ask questions: what does this character want? Why can\'t she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? What does she dream about? If your goal involves other people, put yourself "in their shoes". The best fishermen think they are the fish!According to the passage, when we become adults ____.【单选题】

A.we can still learn to be more creative

B.most of us are no longer creative

C.we are not as imaginative as children

D.we are unwilling to be creative

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大,不要先看选项,吃透题干意思,回到原文定位,答案就在文章开头:Most people believe they don\'t have much imagination. They are wrong. Everyone has imagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to access it. 句意不难理解,选项里creative替换了原文的imagination,最佳答案是A。

10、Some Unusual CelebrationsSome holidays are well - known all around the world. Among them are New Year\'s Eve Celebrations. Also days are common in honorof love and friendship, like Valentine\'s Day. Each country has its own special holidays too, to mark important events in its history. Schools, banks, and government offices all close on days like these. Some of the days people celebrate, however, are less serious. A few of them are really very strange.Of course, they are not strange to the people who celebrate them. Perhaps that is because the celebrations have long traditions. Consider April Fool\'s Day, forexample. No one knows when orwhy it began. Today it is celebrated in many countries-France, England, and Australia, etc. On this day, people play practical jokes. Jokes are supposed to be funny, but these jokes do not make everyone laugh. The ones who laugh are the ones playing the jokes. The people they fool often get angry. Does celebrating this day make sense to you?Dyngus Day in Poland seems strange, too. On this day, it is traditional forboys to pour water over the heads of girls. Here is the strangest part: they do it to girls they like.Other unusual celebrations take place in a single city ortown. A holiday called La Tomatina is celebrated in Bunol, Spain. Every year, in late August, big trucks carry more than 200,000 pounds of tomatoes into this little town. Then begins the world\'s biggest food fight. Fortwo hours, people in the streets throw tomatoes at each other. Everyone ends up red from head to toe.August 10 marks the start of the Puck Fair, an Irish festival with a very unusual tradition. People from the town of Killorglin go up into the mountains and catch a wild goat. ____There are also some celebrations that are really strange. In the United States, sometimes one person gets an idea fora new holiday and tries to get others to accept it. Whose idea was Public Sleeping Day? That one is on February 28. It may seem strange, but it sounds like more fun than the one on February 9. That is supposed to be Toothache Day.Do you like the idea of inventing a new holiday? If you do, then you will want to mark March 26 on your calendar. That is Make Up Your Own Holiday Day.【单选题】

A.They bring him back to town, put a crown on his head, and make him king forthree days.

B.Some of the days people celebrate, however, are less serious.

C.That is supposed to be Toothache Day.

D.Then begins the world\'s biggest food fight.

E.Some people have fun imagining new holidays.

F.Jokes are supposed to be funny, but these jokes do not make everyone laugh.

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题有一定难度,文章此处讨论的是爱尔兰一个奇怪的节日,山羊节,回来看选项,只有A符合上下文逻辑,是答案。

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