2023年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、The Book of LifeSo far, scientists have named about 1.6 million living species, ａｎｄ　that\'s a just a fraction of that probably exists on Earth. With so many plants, animals ａｎｄ　other creatures coveting the planet, it can be tough to figure out what type of spider is moving up your leg ｏｒwhat kind of bird is flying by.A soon - to - be - started Web site might help. An international team of researchers has announced the creation of Web - based Encyclopedia of life( EOL). The project aims to catalog every species on Earth in a single, easy - to - use reference guide.To get the encyclopedia started, the creators will use information from scientific ｄａｔａｂａｓｅs that already exist. ａｎｄ　eventually, in special sections of the site, nonscientist with specialized knowledge will get to join in. Bird - watchers, fｏｒexample, will be able to input which bird they\'ve seen ａｎｄ　where. The technology fｏｒthis kind of tool has only become available.As the EOL develops, you might find it useful fｏｒschool projects. The site will feature special pages fｏｒkids who are studying ecosystems (生态系统) in their neighborhoods. To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate, scientists will review much of the information added to it. People who visit the site will be able to choose to leave out pages that haven\'t been reviewed.Another convenient feature of the EOL is that you\'ll be able to pick the level of detail you want to see to match your interest, age ａｎｄ　knowledge. If you wanted to learn about bears fｏｒa science class report, fｏｒexample, you could use the "novice" setting to get basic information about the animals. On the "expert" setting, on the other hand, you could get much more detailed information about the history, literature ａｎｄ　exploration of bears.It now takes years fｏｒscientist to collect all the data they need to describe ａｎｄ　analyze species. The creatｏｒof the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed up that process."Spider" ａｎｄ　"bird" mentioned in Paragraph 1 are examples to illustrate ______.【单选题】

A.there are numerous living species on Earth

B.animals are people\'s friends

C.it is easy to see spiders ａｎｄ　birds

D.here are many types of spiders ａｎｄ　birds

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题有一定难度，带着题干信息词回文章定位，答案依据主要在文章第一段：So far, scientists have named about l.6 million living species, ...it can be tough to figure out what type of spider is moving up your leg ｏｒwhat kind of bird is flying by.谈到了地球物种数量巨大，回来看选项，A项和原文句意相近，是答案。

2、Will We Take Vacation in Spaces?When Mike Kelly first ｓｅｔout to build his own private space-ferry service, he figured his bread-and-butter business would be lofting (发射) satellites into high-Earth orbit. Now he thinks he may have figured wrong. "People were always asking me when they could go," says Kelly, who runs Kelly Space & Technology out of San Bemardino, California. "I realized that real market is in space tourism."According to preliminary market surveys, there are 10,000 would-be-space-tourists willing to spend $1 million each to visit the final frontier. Space Adventure in Arlington, Virginia, has taken more than 130 deposits fｏｒa two-hour, $98, 000 space tour tentatively ａｎｄ　somewhat dubiously (可疑地) ｓｅｔto actｏｒby 2005. Gene Meyers of the space Islａｎｄ　Group says: "Space is the next exotic(风光奇特的) vacation spot. "This may all sound great, but there are a few hurdles (困难). Putting a simple satellite into orbit with no oxygen, life support ｏｒreturn trip necessary already costs an astronomical (天文数字) $ 22,OOO/kg. ａｎｄ　that doesn\'t include the oust of insuring rich ａｎｄ　possibly litigious passenger. John Pike of the Federation of American Scientists acerbically (尖刻地) suggests that the entireｇｒｏｕｐof entrepreneurs trying to corner (垄断) the space-tourism market have between them "just enough money to blow up one rocket."The U. S. space agency has plenty of money but zero interest in mailing space less expensive fｏｒthe little guys. So the little guys are racing to do what the government has failed to do: design a reusable launch system that is inexpensive, safe ａｎｄ　reliable. Kelly Space\'s prototype looks like a plane that has sprouted rocket engines. Rotary Rocket in Redwood City, California, has a booster with rotors to make a helicopter-style return to Earth; Kistler Aero-space in Kirkland, Washington, is piecing together its versions from old Soviet engines, shuttle-style thermal protection tiles ａｎｄ　an elaborate parachute system. The first passenger countdowns are still years away, but bureaucrats at the Federal Aviation Administration in Washington are already informally discussing flight regulations. After all, you can\'t be too prepared, fｏｒa trip to that galaxy far, far away. Fｏｒthose who are intent on joining the 100-mile high club, Hilton ａｎｄ　Budget are plotting to build space hotels. Before the Russian spaceship Mir came down, some people were talking about using it as a low-rent space hotel to reduce the cost. If a space hotel is finally built in space, ａｎｄ　if you are thinking of staying in it, you may want to check the Michelin ratings before booking yourself a suite. It sounds great that soon there will be space residence, although it is still a tentative plan. 【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:文中没有提及与此相关的信息，文章只提及了太空旅行的相关情况及发展前景，并未提及在太空定居。

3、The Hurricane1. A hurricane (飓风) is a tropical storm with winds that have reached a constant speed of 74 miles per hour. Hurricane winds blow in a large spiral(螺旋) around a relative calm center known as the "eye". The "eye" is generally 20 to 30 miles wide, ａｎｄ　the storm may extend outward 400 miles. As a hurricane nears land, it can bring heavy rains, high winds ａｎｄ　storm surges(风暴潮). The storm surges ａｎｄ　heavy rains can lead to flooding.2. Hurricanes are given a different label, depending on where they occur. If they begin over the North Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, The Gulf of Mexico, ｏｒthe Northeast Pacific Ocean, they are called hurricanes. Similar storms that occur in the Northwest Pacific Ocean west of the Internaional Date Line are called typhoons near Australia ａｎｄ　in the Indian Ocean, they are referred to as tropical cyclones(龙卷风).3. When a hurricane hits land, it can do great damage through its fierce winds, heavy rains, inland(内陆的) flooding ａｎｄ　huge waves crashing on to the shore. During a hurricane, homes, businesses ａｎｄ　public buildings may be damaged ｏｒdestroyed, roads ａｎｄ　bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more people ａｎｄ　destroy more property than any other natural disaster. Fishermen are at special risk from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurricane arrives ａｎｄ　not be able to get to a safe harbｏｒif they do not receive adequate warning.4. If a hurricane is comming in your area, the most important thing is to stay calm ａｎｄ　find shelter immediately. Go to your safe room. If you do not have one, stay indoors during the hurricane ａｎｄ　go to a safer place near the center of your home. Cover yourself with a blanket ａｎｄ　be sure to keep away from windows ａｎｄ　glass doors, because if the glass breaks it’s really dangerous. Do not be fooled if there is lull(暂停), it could be the eye of the storm—winds will pick up again.Depending on where they occur, hurricanes have ______.【单选题】

A.different labels

B.window ａｎｄ　glass doors

C.inlａｎｄ　flooding

D.early warning

E.natural disaster

F.a constant speed

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，在文章第二段的第一句：Hurricanes are given a different label，depending on where they occur.回来看选项，A项符合原文句意，是答案。

4、Arctic MeltEarth\'s North ａｎｄ　South Poles are famous fｏｒbeing cold ａｎｄ　icy. Last year, however, the amount of ice in the Arctic Ocean fell to a record low. Normally, ice builds in Arctic waters around the North Pole each winter ａｎｄ　shrinks during the summer. But fｏｒmany years, the amount of ice left by the end of summer has been declining. Since 1979, each decade has seen an 11. 4 percent ｄｒｅｐin end of summer ice cover. Between 1981 ａｎｄ　2000, ice in the Arctic lost 22 percent of its thickness, becoming 1.13 meters thinner. Last summer, Arctic sea ice reached its skimpiest levels yet. By the end of summer 2007, the ice had shrunk to cover just 4.2 million square kilometers. That\'s 38 percent less area than the average cover at that time of year. ａｎｄ　it\'s a very large 23 percent below the previous record low, which was ｓｅｔjust 2 years ago. This continuing trend has scientists concerned. There may be several reasons fｏｒthe ice melt, says Jinlun Zhang, an oceanographer at the University of Washington at Seattle. Unusually strong winds blew through the Arctic last summer. The winds pushed much of the ice out of the central Arctic, leaving a large area of thin ice ａｎｄ　open water. Scientists also suspect that fewer clouds cover the Arctic now than in the past. Clearer skies allow more sunlight to reach the ocean. The extra heat warms both the water ａｎｄ　the atmosphere. In parts of the Arctic Ocean last year, surface temperatures were 3.5℃ warmer than average ａｎｄ　1.5℃ warmer than the previous record high. With both air ａｎｄ　water getting warmer, the ice is melting from both above ａｎｄ　below. In some parts of the Beaufort Sea, north of Alaska ａｎｄ　western Canada, ice that measured 3. 3 meters thick at the beginning of the summer measured just 50 centimeters by season\'s end. The new measurements suggest that melting is far more severe than scientists have seen by just looking at ice cover from above, says Donald K. Perovich, a geophysicist at the U. S. Army Cold Regions Research ａｎｄ　Engineering Laboratory in Hanover, N. H. Some scientists fear that the Arctic is stuck in a warming trend from which it may never recover. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word "build" in the first sentence of the second paragraph?【单选题】

A.construct

B.extend

C.create

D.expand

正确答案:D

答案解析:本句意思为“每年冬天北极附近的北冰洋开始结冰”，build为“结冰”的意思，expand有“容积扩张”的意思，所以与build相符；而construct为“修筑、建筑”的意思，所以不能选。

5、One Good Reason to Let Smallpox LiveIt\'s now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction (灭绝) of the smallpox (天花) virus. When smallpox was completely got rid of in the world, scientists wanted to _____ the killer virus in the last two labs, one in the US ａｎｄ　one in Russia. They asked: If smallpox has truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let go of such a powerful potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials (小药瓶). ａｎｄ　the last "official" stocks of live Virus bred mistrust of the US ａｎｄ　Russia, fｏｒno obvious gain.Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way fｏｒtests on new treatments ａｎｄ　vaccines(疫苗). So once again there\'s a good reason to the virus, just in keep the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we case with the mistrust of the US ａｎｄ　Russia? deal. Keep the virus Simple international support in a well - guarded UN laboratory that\'s open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it with a multilateral (多边的) approach to just about everything. But it doesn\'t mean the idea is rejects. If the virus is useful, then let\'s wrong it the servant of all humanity make not just a part of it.【单选题】

A.destroy

B.improve

C.change

D.transport

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题有一定难度，考查词义辨析，干扰项有一定的干扰。文章此处是说“当天花病毒从世界上完全被消灭时，科学家也想消灭在最后两个实验室拥有的这种致命病毒”，此处要用“消灭”的意思，答案是A。

6、The Hurricane1. A hurricane (飓风) is a tropical storm with winds that have reached a constant speed of 74 miles per hour. Hurricane winds blow in a large spiral(螺旋) around a relative calm center known as the "eye". The "eye" is generally 20 to 30 miles wide, ａｎｄ　the storm may extend outward 400 miles. As a hurricane nears land, it can bring heavy rains, high winds ａｎｄ　storm surges(风暴潮). The storm surges ａｎｄ　heavy rains can lead to flooding.2. Hurricanes are given a different label, depending on where they occur. If they begin over the North Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, The Gulf of Mexico, ｏｒthe Northeast Pacific Ocean, they are called hurricanes. Similar storms that occur in the Northwest Pacific Ocean west of the Internaional Date Line are called typhoons near Australia ａｎｄ　in the Indian Ocean, they are referred to as tropical cyclones(龙卷风).3. When a hurricane hits land, it can do great damage through its fierce winds, heavy rains, inland(内陆的) flooding ａｎｄ　huge waves crashing on to the shore. During a hurricane, homes, businesses ａｎｄ　public buildings may be damaged ｏｒdestroyed, roads ａｎｄ　bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more people ａｎｄ　destroy more property than any other natural disaster. Fishermen are at special risk from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurricane arrives ａｎｄ　not be able to get to a safe harbｏｒif they do not receive adequate warning.4. If a hurricane is comming in your area, the most important thing is to stay calm ａｎｄ　find shelter immediately. Go to your safe room. If you do not have one, stay indoors during the hurricane ａｎｄ　go to a safer place near the center of your home. Cover yourself with a blanket ａｎｄ　be sure to keep away from windows ａｎｄ　glass doors, because if the glass breaks it’s really dangerous. Do not be fooled if there is lull(暂停), it could be the eye of the storm—winds will pick up again.Paragraph 3 ______【单选题】

A.Where do hurricanes usually happen?

B.What damages can a hurricane cause?

C.What should you do during a hurricane?

D.What is a hurricane?

E.What are different names of hurricanes?

F.How do you know a hurricane is coming?

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题难度不大，段落主旨句比较明显，在文章第三段的第一句：When a hurricane hits land，it can do great damage through its...回来看选项，B项简单概括了第一段的主要意思，是答案。

7、Easy ListeningStudents should be jealous. Not only do babies get to doze their days away, but they\'ve also mastered the fine art of learning in their sleep. By the time babies are one year old, they can recognize a lot of sounds ａｎｄ　even simple words. Marie Cheour at the University of Turku in Finlａｎｄ　suspected that they might progress this fast because they learn language while they sleep as well as when they are awake. To test the theory, Cheour ａｎｄ　their colleagues studied 45 newborn babies in the first days of their lives. They exposed all the infants to an hour of Finnish vowel sounds one that sounds like "oo"; another like "ee" ａｎｄ　the third boundary vowel peculiar to Finnish ａｎｄ　similar languages that sounds like something in between. EEG (脑电图) recording of the infants brains before ａｎｄ　after the session showed that the newborns could not distinguish the sounds. Fifteen of the babies then went back with their mothers, where the rest were split into two sleep-study groups. Oneｇｒｏｕｐwas exposed throughout their night-time sleeping hours to the same three vowels, while the others listened to the other, easier-to-distinguish vowel sounds. When tested in the morning, ａｎｄ　again in the evening, the babies who\'d heard the tricky boundary vowels all night showed brainwave activity indicating that they could now recognize this sound. They could identify the sound even when its pitch was changed, while none of the other babies could pick up the boundary vowel at all. Cheour doesn\'t know how babies accomplish this nighttime learning, but she suspects that the special ability might indicate that unlike adults, babies don\'t "turn off" their cerebral cortex (大脑皮层) while they sleep: The skill probably fades in the course of the first years of life, she adds so forget the idea that you can pick up the tricky French vowels as an adult just by slipping a language tape under your pillow. But while it may not help grown-ups, Cheour is hoping to use the sleeping hours to give remedial help to babies who are genetically at risk of language disorders. The study shows that the infant\'s cerebral cortex is working while he is asleep. 【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确答案:A

答案解析:选A的依据是最后一段中的“... unlike adults, babies don\'t“turn off’their cerebral cortex while they sleep”。

8、A Bad IdeaThink you can walk, drive, take phone calls, e - mail ａｎｄ　listen to music at the same time 7 Well, New York\'s new law says you can\'t. ａｎｄ　you\'ll be fined $ 100 if you do so on a New York city street. The law went into force last month, following research ａｎｄ　a shocking number of accidents that involved people using electronic gadgets (小巧机械) when crossing the street.Who\'s to blame? Scientists say that our multitasking (多任务处理) abilities are limited. "We are under the impression that our brain can do more than it often can," says Rene Marois, a neuroscientist (神经科学家) in Tennessee. "But a core limitation is the inability to concentrate on two things at once."The young people are often considered the great multitaskers. _____. Aｇｒｏｕｐof 18 to 21 years old ａｎｄ　aｇｒｏｕｐof 35 to 39 years old were given 90 seconds to translate images into numbers, using a simple code. The youngerｇｒｏｕｐdid 10 percent better when not interrupted. But when both groups were interrupted by a phone call ｏｒan instant message, the olderｇｒｏｕｐmatched the youngerｇｒｏｕｐin speed ａｎｄ　accuracy.It is difficult to measure the productivity lost by multitaskers. Jonathan Spira, chief analyst at Basex, a business - research firm, estimates that the cost of interruptions to the American economy is nearly $ 650 billion a year. The estimate is based on surveys with office workers. The surveys conclude that 28 percent of the workers\' time was spent on interruptions ａｎｄ　recovery time before they returned to their main tasks.【单选题】

A.Talking on a cell phone while driving brings you joy anyway.

B.The estimate is based on surveys with office workers.

C.The youngerｇｒｏｕｐdid 10 percent better when not interrupted.

D.However, an Oxford University research suggests this perception is open to question.

E.Scientists say that our multitasking (多任务处理) abilities are limited.

F.ａｎｄ　you\'ll be fined $ 100 if you do so on a New York city street.

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题有一定的难度。可用排除法和代入法。本题的上一句谈到了年轻人常被认为是能同时兼顾多个任务的，下一句又谈到了一项试验表明年轻人和年纪大的没有多少差别，所以可以推断此处应该表达转折的意义。回来看选项，把D代入文中，符合逻辑，答案是D。

9、Keeping Cut Flowers1 While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around his house, few people know how to keep them fｏｒas long as possible. This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple fact. 2 An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature. Fｏｒexample, studies have shown that cut carnations (康乃馨) retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12℃ than when kept at 26℃. Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of flower care. 3 Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long. Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds ｏｒinsects, such as bees, fｏｒpollination (粉). After that, they quickly dry up ａｎｄ　die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen ａｎｄ　produce carbon dioxide, called respiration, generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape ａｎｄ　color. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all giving things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A result of all this respiration is heat, ａｎｄ　fｏｒflowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high. Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies. 4 How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration. How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature. We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true. Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced ａｎｄ　the cut flower will age more slowly. 5 Another vital factｏｒin keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to "drink" water that is dirty ｏｒotherwise polluted. Even when water looks ａｎｄ　smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach (含氯漂白剂) can be used in small quantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach (at 4% solution) be added to each liter of water. The water ａｎｄ　solution should also be replaced each day. Paragraph 3____【单选题】

A.Control of Respiration

B.Beauty of Fresh Cut Flowers

C.Role of Respiration

D.Most Important Aspect of Flower Care

E.Need fｏｒClean Water

F.Ways of Stopping Respiration

正确答案:C

答案解析:本段几乎都是在介绍呼吸的作用，从语篇中我们可以看到呼吸在花朵形成及死亡的过程中的作用，以及它对种子和能量的形成中的作用，选项C符合题意，故选C。

10、How to Interview PeopleInterviewing (采访) is one of those skills that you can only get better at. You will never again feel so ill at ease when you try it fｏｒthe first time, ａｎｄ　probably you\'ll never feel entirely comfortable trying to get from another person answers that he ｏｒshe may be too shy to reveal. ______ The rest is instinct, which can all be learned with experience.The basic tools fｏｒan interview are paper ａｎｄ　two ｏｒthree well-sharpened pencils. But keep your notebook ｏｒpaper out of sight until you need it. There\'s nothing less likely to relax a person than the arrival of someone with a note-taking pad. Both of you need time to get to know each other. Take a while just to chat, judging what sort of person you\'re dealing with, getting him ｏｒher to trust you.Never go into an interview without doing whatever homework you can. If you are interviewing a town official, know his voting record. If it\'s an actor, know what plays he has been in. You will not be liked if you inquire about facts that you could have learned in advance.Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions ａｎｄ　have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. This fear is almost 103 percent unnecessary. Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him. Most men ａｎｄ　women lead lives that are uninteresting, ａｎｄ　they grasp any chance to talk to an outsider who seems eager to listen.This doesn\'t necessarily mean that it will go well. In general you will be talking to people who have never been interviewed before, ａｎｄ　they will get used to the process awkwardly, perhaps not giving you anything that you can use. Come back another day; it will go better. You will both even begin to enjoy it-proof that you aren\'t forcing your victim to do something he doesn\'t really want to.【单选题】

A.Come back another day; it will go better.

B.But at least half of the skill is mechanical.

C.As one philosopher interviewed in the film notes, they lack irony.

D.You will not be liked if you inquire about facts that you could have learned in advance.

E.This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.

F.Both of you need time to get to know each other.

正确答案:B

答案解析:空句后面有“rest”，其余的就是直觉“instinct”，需要后天从经历中总结出来，所以空句毫无疑问讲的是另外一种情况，所以B就显而易见为正确答案了。