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2023年职称英语考试《理工类》每日一练1124
帮考网校2023-11-24 10:08
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2023年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编每天为您准备了5道每日一练题目(附答案解析),一步一步陪你备考,每一次练习的成功,都会淋漓尽致的反映在分数上。一起加油前行。


1、Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular RiskBreastfeeding can reduce the risk of a heart attack orstroke later in life and could prevent hundreds of thousands of deaths each year, researchers said on Friday. Babies who are breastfed have fewer childhood infections and allergies and are less prone to obesity. British scientists have now shown that breastfeeding and slow growth in the first weeks and months of life has a protective effect against cardiovascular disease. "Diets that promote more rapid growth put babies at risk many years later in terms of raising their blood pressure, raising their cholesterol and increasing their tendency to diabetes and obesity-the four main risk factors forstroke and heart attack." said ProfessorAlan Lucas of the Institute of Child Health in London. "Our evidence suggests that the reason why breast-fed babies do better is because they grow more slowly in the early weeks."Lucas said the effects of breastfeeding on blood pressure and cholesterol later in life are greater than anything adults can do to control the risk factors forcardiovascular disease, other than taking drugs. An estimated 17 million people die of cardiovascular disease, particularly heart attack and strokes, each year, according to the World Health Organization. Lucas and his colleagues compared the health of 216 teenagers who as babies had either been breastfed orgiven different nutritional baby formulas\' They reported their findings in The Lancet medical journal. The teenagers who had been breastfed had a 14 percent lower ratio of bad to good cholesterol and lower concentrations of a protein that is a marker forcardiovascular disease risk. The researchers also found that regardless of the child\'s weight at birth, the faster the infants grew in the early weeks and months of life, the greater was their later risk of heart disease and stroke. The effect was the ______ forboth boys and girls. "The more human milk you have in the newborn period, the lower your cholesterol level is, the lower your blood pressure is 16 years later, "Lucas said. 【单选题】

A.True

B.right

C.proper

D.same

正确答案:D

答案解析:句意应该是“该影响对男孩女孩都一样”,所以答案是D。

2、The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September.【单选题】

A.play

B.send

C.show

D.tell

正确答案:C

答案解析:题干大意:九月份经济继续呈现衰退的迹象。画线词exhibit:展览,证据。选项中,play:扮演,比赛。send:发送。show:展览,与exhibit意义一致,符合题意。tell:告诉。故答案选D。

3、Science Fiction1 Amongst the most popular books being written today are those that are usually classified asscience fiction. Hundreds of titles are published every year and are read by all kinds of people. Furthermore, some of the most successful films of recent years have been based on science fiction stories. 2 It is often thought that science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, but its ancestors can be found in books written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerned with the presentation of some forms of ideal society, a theme that is still often found in modern stories. 3 Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verve and H. G Wells, to mention just two well known authors, have been translated into many languages. 4 Modern science fiction writers don\'t write about men from Mars orspace adventure stories. They are more interested in predicting the results of technical developments on society and the human mind; orin imagining future worlds that are a reflection of the world that we live in now. Because of this their writing has obvious political undertones (涵义). 5 In an age where science fact frequently overtakes (超过) science fiction, the writers may find it difficult to keep ahead of scientific advances. Those who are sufficiently clear-sighted to see the way we are going, however, may provide a valuable lesson on how to deal with the problems which society will inevitably face as it tries to master its new technology. Paragraph 3____【单选题】

A.A Fairly New Development

B.Classics of Science Fiction

C.Difficulty in Keeping ahead of Scientific Advances

D.Origins of Science Fiction

E.Themes of Modern Science Fiction

F.SuccessfulFilms

正确答案:B

答案解析:该段主要是在介绍经典科幻小说,其实该段第1句就已经出现了classics这个词,所以选项B是正确答案。

4、Genetically Modified FoodEuropean unionenvironmental officials have determined that two kinds of genetically modified corn could harm butterflies, affect food chains and disturb life in rivers and streams, and they have proposed a ban on the sale of the seeds, which are made by Dupont Pioneer, Dow Agrosciences and Syngenta. The preliminary decisions are circulating within the European Commission, which has the final say. Some officials there are skeptical of a ban that would upsetthe powerful biotechnology industry and could exacerbate tensions with important trading partners like the United States. The seeds are not available on the European market forcultivation.In the decisions, the environment commissioner, Stavros Dimas, contends that the genetically modified corn, ormaize could affect certain butterfly species, specifically the monarch, and other beneficial insects. Forinstance, research this year indicates that larvae of the monarch butterfly exposed to the genetically modified corn "behave differently than other larvae." In the decision concerning the corn seeds produced by Dow and Pioneer, Mr. Dimas calls "potential damage on the environment irreversible." In the decision on Syngenta\'s corn, he says that "the level of risk generated by the cultivation of this product forthe environment is unacceptable."A decision by the European unionto bar cultivation of the genetically modified crops would be the first of its kind in the trade bloc, and would intensify the continuing battle over genetically modified corn. Banning the applications forcorn crops also would mark a bold new step forEuropean environmental authorities, who are already aggressively pursuing regulations on emissions from cars and aircraft, setting it at odds with the United States and angering industries."These products have been grown in the U. S. and other countries foryears," said Stephen Norton, a spokesman forthe United States trade representative. "We are not aware of any other case when a product has been rejected after having been reviewed and determined safe by European food safety authorities," he said.Barbara Helfferich, a spokeswoman forMr. Dimas, declined to comment on the specifics of the procedure because commissioners had not yet made a final decision. But she said that the European unionwas within its rights to make decisions based on the "precautionary principle" even when scientists had found no definitive evidence proving products can cause harm. She said that the decisions by Mr. Dimas could go before the commission within a few weeks, but she said that no date had been set. In the decisions, Mr. Dimas cited recent research showing that consumption of genetically modified corn byproducts reduced growth and increased mortality of non-target stream insects and that these insects are important prey foraquatic and riparian predators and that this could have unexpected ecosystem-scale consequences."Although still preliminary, his decisions could drastically tilt the policy against future approvals of genetically modified crops," said Nathalie Moll, a spokeswoman forEuropabio, an industrygroupwith 80 members including Syngenta, Pioneer and Dow. Europabio says that the crops grown using the genetically modified corn are already imported into several European countries, including France and Germany, where they are used to feed animals like cows and chickens.Rob Gianfranceschi, spokesman at the United States mission to the European unionin Brussels, said it was too early to comment on a decision that had not yet been formalized. But he made clear that the United States remained frustrated with European policies on genetically modified crops.Mr. Dimas cited many researches on the genetically modified corn in his decision in orcerto ______.【单选题】

A.dispel some officials\' doubt on his decisions

B.enhance the strength of his decision-making

C.demonstrate the latest achievement of his decision

D.assure that they can be presented before the commission with solid evidence

正确答案:B

答案解析:细节考查题。Dimas先生在其拟定的决议中多次引用了关于转基因产品的研究,其目的是证实自己的决议是有根据的,这样就更有说服力。

5、Lakes, Too, Feel Global WarmingThere\'s no doubt, In the last few decades, the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it has been in hundreds of years. Around the world, people are starting to measure the effects of global warming and trying to figure out what to do about it.Scientist recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world and they found that lakes are heating up. Between 1985 and 2009, satellites recorded the night time temperatures of the surfaces of 167 lakes. During those 24 years, the lakes got warmer by an average of about 0.045 degree Celsius per year.In some places, lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate, a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius in just 10 years. That difference may seem small you might not even notice it in your bath. But in a lake, slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae (水藻) and algae can make the lake poisonous to fish.The study shows that in some regions, lakes are warming faster than the air around them. This is important because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how Earth is warming. By using lake temperatures as well, scientists can get a better picture of global warming. The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.That\'s going to be useful, since no matter the country is too big ortoo small can\'t ignore climate changes. Scientists aren\'t the only ones concerned. Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be affected by the rapid warming of the planet. Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it, especially by reducing the amount of greenhouse(温室) gases we put into the air.That\'s why the United Nations started the Framework Convention on Climate Change, orUNFCCC. Every year the convention meets, and representatives from countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.A slight temperature increase in a lake could be harmful forfish.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大,答案依据比较明显,在文章第三段最后一句:But in a lake, slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae(才(藻),and algae can make the lake poisonous to fish.谈到湖水温度上升会产生很多水藻,给湖里的鱼类带来毒害,题干和原文句意相符,答案是A。

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