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2023年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道,附答案解析,供您考前自测提升!
1、She gave up her job and started writing poetry.【单选题】
A.abandoned
B.lost
C.took
D.created
正确答案:A
答案解析:她辞去工作,开始写诗。本题难度不大,gave up是常用短语,指“放弃,辞职”,和abandoned“放弃”是近义词,其他三项都是常用词,和答案意义差异较大,干扰性不强。答案是A。
2、The Book of LifeSo far, scientists have named about 1.6 million living species, and that\'s a just a fraction of that probably exists on Earth. With so many plants, animals and other creatures coveting the planet, it can be tough to figure out what type of spider is moving up your leg orwhat kind of bird is flying by.A soon - to - be - started Web site might help. An international team of researchers has announced the creation of Web - based Encyclopedia of life( EOL). The project aims to catalog every species on Earth in a single, easy - to - use reference guide.To get the encyclopedia started, the creators will use information from scientific databases that already exist. and eventually, in special sections of the site, nonscientist with specialized knowledge will get to join in. Bird - watchers, forexample, will be able to input which bird they\'ve seen and where. The technology forthis kind of tool has only become available.As the EOL develops, you might find it useful forschool projects. The site will feature special pages forkids who are studying ecosystems (生态系统) in their neighborhoods. To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate, scientists will review much of the information added to it. People who visit the site will be able to choose to leave out pages that haven\'t been reviewed.Another convenient feature of the EOL is that you\'ll be able to pick the level of detail you want to see to match your interest, age and knowledge. If you wanted to learn about bears fora science class report, forexample, you could use the "novice" setting to get basic information about the animals. On the "expert" setting, on the other hand, you could get much more detailed information about the history, literature and exploration of bears.It now takes years forscientist to collect all the data they need to describe and analyze species. The creatorof the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed up that process.The word "novice" in Paragraph 5 could be best replaced by ______.【单选题】
A.scientist
B.creator
C.beginner
D.expert
正确答案:C
答案解析:本题难度较大,需要很强的把握词义能力。本题可以先看选项得到信息提示,也可以结合原文的提示:you could use the“novice”setting to get basic information about the animals. On the “expert” setting, on the other hand, you could get much more detailed information…,可以看出,novice的意思和basic相近,和expert相反,回来看选项,C项和原文句意相近,是答案。
3、The company has the right to end his employment at any time.【单选题】
A.provide
B.stop
C.offer
D.continue
正确答案:B
答案解析:公司有权利可随时终止与他的雇佣关系。本题难度不大,end是常用词,此处是动词,指“结束”,和stop“停止”是近义词,其他三项都是常用词,和答案意义差异较大,干扰性不强。答案是B。
4、One Good Reason to Let Smallpox LiveIt\'s now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction (灭绝) of the smallpox (天花) virus. When smallpox was completely got rid of in the world, scientists wanted to destroy the killer virus in the last two labs, one in the US and one in Russia. They asked: If smallpox has truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let go of such a powerful potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials (小药瓶). and the last "official" stocks of live Virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia, forno obvious gain.Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way fortests on new treatments and vaccines(疫苗). So once again there\'s a good reason to the virus, just in keep the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we case with the mistrust of the US and Russia? _____. Keep the virus Simple international support in a well - guarded UN laboratory that\'s open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it with a multilateral (多边的) approach to just about everything. But it doesn\'t mean the idea is rejects. If the virus is useful, then let\'s wrong it the servant of all humanity make not just a part of it.【单选题】
A.handle
B.tackle
C.treat
D.deal
正确答案:D
答案解析:本题难度不大,考查动词短语deal with的用法,deal with指“处理”,也是固定搭配,答案是D。
5、A Great Quake Coming?Everyone lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the Bay Area and they can devastate. In 1906, forexample, a majorquake destroyed about 28000 buildings and killed hundreds, perhaps thousands of people. Residents now wonder when will the next "Big One" strike. It\'s bound to happen someday. At least seven active fault(断层) lines run through the San Francisco area. Faults are places where pieces of Earth\'s crust (地壳) slide past each other. When these pieces slip, the ground shakes.To prepare forthat day, scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake and predict how bad the damage might be when the next one happens.One new finding about the 1906 quake is that the San Andreas Fault split apart faster than scientists had assumed at the time. During small earthquakes, faults rupture(断裂) about 2.7 kilometers persecond. During bigger quakes, however, ruptures can happen faster than 3.5 kilometers persecond.At such high speeds, massive amounts of pressure build up, generating underground waves that can cause more damage than the quake itself. Lucky forSan Francisco, these pressure pulses (脉冲) traveled away from the city during the 1906 event.Looking ahead, scientists are trying to predict when the next majorquake will occur. Records show that earthquakes were common before 1906. Since then, the area has been relatively quiet. Patterns in the data, however, suggest that the probability of a majorearthquake striking the Bay Area before 2032 is at least 62 percent.New buildings in San Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakes. Still, more than 84 percent of the city\'s buildings are old and weak. Analyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage.People who live there today tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty quiet fora while. According to the new research, however, it\'s not a matter that whether "the Big One" will hit here. It\'s just a matter of when.A majorearthquake striking San Francisco someday is inevitable.【单选题】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案:A
答案解析:本题有一定难度,需要认真吃透句意,做好判断。答案依据在第五段。第五段最后一句:the probability of a majorearthquake striking the Bay Area before 2032 is at least 62 percent.谈到在2032年前海湾地区发生大地震的可能性至少是62%,说明概率很高,所以本题正确,答案是A。
6、Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer.【单选题】
A.admitted
B.reported
C.hoped
D.answered
正确答案:A
答案解析:玛莎承认她对计算机一无所知。本题难度不大,干扰项干扰不大,是送分题,可以确认,confessed和admitted都是“承认”的意思,所以最佳答案是A。
7、There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a previous performance. 【单选题】
A.beats
B.matches
C.maintains
D.announces
正确答案:A
答案解析:break:打破纪录,和beat(打、胜过)意思相近;match:比得上、与……相配等;maintain:保持;announce:宣布、发布。
8、Waving With LightIn the Sierra Madre mountain range of west central Mexico, the native Huichol people live much the way their ancestors did without electricity. That\'s because it\'s too expensive to string power lines to the remote mountain areas where they live. To help support themselves, the Huichol create beautiful artwork. They sell their art in cities hundreds of miles away from their villages. and without electricity at home oron the road, they can only work during daylight hours. When it gets dark, they must stop whatever they\'re doing. Now, a team of scientists, designers, and architects are using new technologies to provide the Huichol with light after the sun sets. The scientists\' technique involves weaving tiny electronic crystals into fabrics that can be made into clothes, bags, orother items. By collecting the sun\'s energy during the day, these lightweight fabrics provide bright white light at night. Their inventors have named the fabrics "Portable Lights." Portable Lights have the potential to transform the lives of people without electricity around the world, says project leader Sheila Kennedy. "Our invention," Kennedy says, "came from seeing how we could transform technology we saw every day in the United States and move it into new markets forpeople who didn\'t have a lot of money."At the core of Portable Light technology are devices called high-brightness light-emitting diodes, orHB LEDs. These tiny lights appear in digital clocks, televisions, and streetlights. LEDs are completely different from the light bulbs. Most of those glass bulbs belong to a type called incandescent lights. Inside, electricity heats a metal coil to about 2,200 degrees Celsius. At that temperature, bulbs give of flight we can see. Ninety percent of energy produced by incandescent lights, however, is heat and invisible. With all that wasted energy, bulbs burn out quickly. They are also easily broken. LEDs, on the other hand, are like tiny pieces of rock made up of molecules that are arranged in a crystal structure. When an electric current passes through an LED, the crystal structure produces light. Unlike incandescent bulbs, they can produce light of various colors. Within an LED, the type of molecules and their particular arrangement determines what coloris produced. LEDs are different from light bulbs in that____. 【单选题】
A.LEDs are incandescent lights while light bulbs are not.
B.LEDs have a metal coil while light bulbs have not.
C.LEDs emit colored light while most light bulbs don\'t.
D.LEDs are made up of tiny pieces of rock while light bulbs are not.
正确答案:C
答案解析:短文第6段对light bulbs进行了描述。第2句中的those glass bulbs即指第1句中的light bulbs。因此,LEDs不是incandescent lights(白炽灯),也没有金属丝。所以A和B均是错误的。最后一段第一句“LEDs,on the other hand,are like tiny pieces of rock made up of molecules that are arranged in a crystal structure”中的“like tiny pieces of rock”不等于pieces。
9、The Threat to KiribatiThe people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth-literally. Several times this year, the Pacific island nation has been flooded by a sudden high tide. These tides, which swept across the island and destroyed houses, came when there was neither wind norrain. "This never happened before," say the older citizens of Kiribati.What is causing these mysterious high tides? The answer may well be global warming. When fuels like oil and coal are being burned, pollutants (污染物) are released. These pollutants trap heat in the earth\'s atmosphere. Warmer temperatures cause water to expand and also create more water by melting glaciers (冰川) and polar (极地的) ice caps.If the trend continues, scientists say, many countries will suffer, Bangladesh, forexample, might lose one-fifth of its land. The coral (珊瑚) island nations of the Pacific, like Kiribati and the Marshall Islands, however, would face an even worse fate-they would be swallowed by the sea. The loss of these coral islands would be everyone\'s loss. Coral formations are home to more species than any other place on earth.The people of these nations feel frustrated. The sea, on which their economies have always been based, is suddenly threatening their existence. They don\'t have the money forexpensive technological solutions like seawalls. and they have no control over the pollutants, which are being released mainly by activities in large industrialized countries. All they can do is to hope that industrialized countries will take steps to reduce pollution.The people of the coral island nations are unable to do anything substantial about the problem of global warming.【单选题】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案:C
答案解析:题干大意:珊瑚岛国家的人对全球变暖问题无能为力。文章没有提到任何有关珊瑚岛国家的人的看法,故答案选C。
10、Singing Alarms Could Save the BlindIf you cannot see, you may not be able to find your way out of a burning building and that could be fatal. A company in Leeds could change all that with directional sound alarms capable of guiding you to the exit. Sound Alert, a company run by the University of Leeds, is installing the alarms in a residential home forblind people in Sommersetand a resource centre forthe blind in Columbia. The alarms produce a wide range of frequencies that enable the brain to determine where the sound is coming from. Deborah Withington of Sound Alert says that the alarms use most of the frequencies that can be heard by humans. "It\'s a burst of white noise that people say sounds like static on the radio," she says. "Its life-saving potential is great."She conducted an experiment in which people were filmed by thermal-imaging cameras trying to find their way out of a large smoke-filled room. It took them nearly four minutes to find the doorwithout a sound alarm, but only 15 seconds with one. Withington studies how the brain processes sounds at the university. She says that the ______ of a wide band of frequencies can be pinpointed more easily than the source of a narrow band. Alarms basedon the same concept have already been installed on emergency vehicles. The alarms will also include rising orfalling frequencies to indicate whether people should go up ordown stairs. They were developed with the aid of a large grant from British Nuclear Fuels. 【单选题】
A.feature
B.quality
C.diagram
D.source
正确答案:D
答案解析:解题关键是要看出句子中主要结构是more. . . than,后面出现核心词the source,所以可以得出结论,前面的名词也应是source,这样符合比较级用法,用来进行比较的事物必须具有可比性,所以选D。
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